The History of EFL From the Tokugawa Period Until 1945

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ANTHOLOGY OF CELE RESEARCH : Attitudes and Motivation of Japanese Students Studying English at Asia University

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Meta-analysis of genes in commercially available nutrigenomic tests denotes lack of association with dietary intake and nutrient-related pathologies

Nutrigenomics is an emerging discipline that aims to investigate how individual genetic composition correlates with dietary intake, as well as how nutrition influences gene expression. Herein, the fundamental question relates to the value of nutrigenomics testing on the basis of the currently available scientific evidence. A thorough literature search has been conducted in PubMed scientific literature database for nutrigenomics research studies on 38 genes included in nutrigenomics tests provided by various private genetic testing laboratories. Data were subsequently meta-analyzed to identify possible associations between the genes of interest and dietary intake and/or nutrient-related pathologies. Data analysis occurred according to four different models due to data sparsity and inconsistency. Data from 524,592 individuals (361,153 cases and 163,439 controls) in a total of 1,170 entries were obtained. Conflicting findings indicated that there was a great incompatibility regarding the associations (or their absence) identified. No specific-and statistically significant-association was identified for any of the 38 genes of interest. In those cases, where a weak association was demonstrated, evidence was based on a limited number of studies. As solid scientific evidence is currently lacking, commercially available nutrigenomics tests cannot be presently recommended. Notwithstanding, the need for a thorough and continuous nutrigenomics research is evident as it is a highly promising tool towards precision medicine

Learning Strategies : An Overview

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Attitudes and Motivation of Japanese Students Studying English at Asia University

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The Influence of Cultural and Social Variables on Second Language Acquisition

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Princípios da teoria da complexidade para a implantação de cursos à distância no ensino superior

This article discusses the complexity in the field of implementing distance learning courses as a possibility of understanding and forms of organization. The research was oriented towards identifying scenarios of uncertainty and unpredictability in the implementation of a distance education course project, using complexity principles, based on Edgard Morin's theory. It seeks to demonstrate the challenges of the process, through the analysis of the experience of the distance education degree course in Pedagogy at UFBA. The study was carried out based on the descriptive-analytical methodology, and using the content analysis technique. It is concluded that the implementation of undergraduate courses in teacher education in distance education is a complex, unstable and unpredictable phenomenon, and that, therefore, must be treated under the aegis of this reality.Este artículo discute la complejidad en el campo de la implementación de cursos a distancia como posibilidad de comprensión y formas de organización. La investigación se orientó a identificar escenarios de incertidumbre e imprevisibilidad en la implementación de un proyecto de curso de educación a distancia, utilizando principios de complejidad, basados en la teoría de Edgard Morin. Busca evidenciar los desafíos del proceso, a través del análisis de la experiencia de la carrera a distancia en Pedagogía de la UFBA. El estudio se realizó con base en la metodología descriptivo-analítica, y utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido. Se concluye que la implementación de carreras de grado en formación docente en la educación a distancia es un fenómeno complejo, inestable e impredecible, y que, por tanto, debe ser tratado bajo la égida de esta realidad.Este artigo discute a complexidade no campo da implementação de cursos de licenciatura à distância enquanto possibilidade de compreensão e formas de organização. A pesquisa foi orientada a partir de cenários de incerteza e imprevisibilidades na implantação de um projeto de curso EaD, utilizando princípios de complexidade, baseados na teoria de Edgard Morin. Busca-se demonstrar os desafios e os processos, por meio da análise da experiência do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia à distância da UFBA. O estudo foi realizado com base na metodologia descritivo-analítica, tendo como técnica a análise de conteúdo. Conclui-se que a implementação de cursos de graduação na formação docente em EaD é um fenômeno complexo, instável e imprevisível, e que, portanto, deve ser tratado sob a égide desta realidade.

Κατάθλιψη, άγχος και επεισόδια υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ σε νέους ενήλικες ηλικίας 18-35 χρονών

Εισαγωγή: Τα επεισόδια υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ αποτελούν σημαντικό πρόβλημα δημόσιας υγείας, επηρεάζοντας τα άτομα που εμπλέκονται αλλά και τους γύρω τους σε πολλαπλά επίπεδα. Είναι πιο συχνά μεταξύ των νέων και των ανδρών. Σχετίζονται με διάφορα ζητήματα ψυχικής υγείας, όπως η κατάθλιψη και τα υψηλά επίπεδα άγχους. Όμως, τα ερευνητικά δεδομένα παραμένουν αντιφατικά. Σκοπός: Πρωταρχικός σκοπός της έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση της σχέσης των επεισοδίων υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ με τα συμπτώματα κατάθλιψης και άγχους σε νέους ενήλικες. Δευτερεύον σκοπός αποτελεί η συλλογή δεδομένων για το συγκεκριμένο μοτίβο κατανάλωσης αλκοόλ από δείγμα προερχόμενο από τον ελληνικό πληθυσμό. Μέθοδος: Ο σχεδιασμός της έρευνας ήταν συγχρονικός. Το δείγμα αποτελούταν από 437 άτομα (64,3% γυναίκες) ηλικίας 18-35 ετών. Για την εκτίμηση των καταθλιπτικών συμπτωμάτων χρησιμοποιήθηκε το Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), ενώ για την εκτίμηση του άγχους ως κατάσταση και ως χαρακτηριστικό προσωπικότητας το State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Για την εκτίμηση των επιπέδων κατανάλωσης αλκοόλ χορηγήθηκε το Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) και για την μέτρηση των επεισοδίων υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ χορηγήθηκαν δύο ερωτήσεις αυτο-αναφοράς. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη διαδικτυακά. Αποτελέσματα: 19,1% των συμμετεχόντων υπερκατανάλωναν αλκοόλ σε επεισόδια (14,5% γυναίκες και 4,6% άνδρες). Οι συμμετέχοντες που υπερκατανάλωναν αλκοόλ έτειναν να έχουν υψηλότερη βαθμολογία στις κλίμακες της κατάθλιψης και του άγχους (p<.05). Οι παράγοντες που σχετίστηκαν με τα επεισόδια υπερκατανάλωσης ήταν το γυναικείο φύλο (p<.005), η μη ύπαρξη εργασίας (p<.05), το κάπνισμα (p<.05), η χρήση ουσιών (p<.001) και η χειρότερη κατάσταση υγείας (p<.05). Μετά την πολυπαραγοντική ανάλυση, οι παράγοντες που εξακολουθούσαν να είναι σημαντικοί ήταν το γυναικείο φύλο (p<.005), τα καταθλιπτικά συμπτώματα και η χρήση ουσιών (p<.05). Συμπεράσματα: Η παρούσα μελέτη επιχείρησε τη διερεύνηση της σχέσης των επεισοδίων υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ και των συμπτωμάτων άγχους και κατάθλιψης. Τα ευρήματα υποδεικνύουν την ύπαρξη θετικής σχέσης μεταξύ της υπερκατανάλωσης αλκοόλ και της παρουσίας καταθλιπτικών συμπτωμάτων. Όσον αφορά στην επίδραση του άγχους αλλά και του φύλου, χρειάζεται περαιτέρω διερεύνηση.Introduction: Binge drinking is a major public health problem, affecting the people involved and those around them on multiple levels. It is more common among young people and men. They are associated with various mental health problems, such as depression and high levels of anxiety. However, research data remain contradictory. Aim: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between binge drinking and symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adults. A secondary purpose is to collection data for this specific pattern of alcohol consumption from a Greek sample. Method: This study is cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 437 people (64.3% women) aged 18-35 years. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to assess depressive symptoms and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to assess anxiety as a state and as a personality trait. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was administered to assess alcohol consumption levels and two self-report questions were administered to measure binge drinking. The survey was conducted online. Results: 19.1% of participants were binge drinking (14.5% women and 4.6% men). Participants who were binge drinking tended to score higher on the depression and anxiety scales (p <.05). Factors associated with binge drinking were female gender (p <.005), not being employed (p <.05), smoking (p <.05), substance use (p <.001) and worst health state (p <.05). After multivariate analysis, the factors that were still important were female gender (p <.005), depressive symptoms and substance use (p <.05). Conclusions: The present study attempted to investigate the relationship between binge drinking and symptoms of anxiety and depression. The findings suggest a positive link between binge drinking and the presence of depressive symptoms. Regarding the effect of anxiety and gender, further research is needed

Narrativas de Estudantes da EJA em Uma Metodologia de Reconhecimento de Saberes

Este artigo visa instigar discussões, ao (com)partilhar parte da dissertação de mestrado cujo objetivo foi estudar e compreender como uma metodologia de reconhecimento de saberes, desenvolvida sob o formato de tecnologia digital, potencializa o desenvolvimento da educação de jovens e adultos- EJA, sob a ótica das narrativas de vida. Metodologicamente, nossa investigação usou a abordagem qualitativa tendo o estudo de caso como método. Ao terem seus saberes reconhecidos e refletirem sobre os desafios que superaram, os estudantes podem se sentir mais motivados a continuar seus estudos, reconhecendo sua própria capacidade de resiliência e aprendizado. A Metodologia de Reconhecimento da Saberes – RMS, além de validar os saberes que os(as) estudantes já possuem, contribui para o letramento digital e se constitui num recurso pedagógico poderoso para o diagnóstico na EJA

Estudo do perfil sócio digital de estudantes do curso de pedagogia da UFBA no contexto da Covid-19

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os desafios provocados pela pandemia da COVID-19, causada pelo vírus Sars-COV-2, no contexto educacional dos estudantes do curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal da Bahia - UFBA. O texto dedica-se a revelar como a necessidade de distanciamento social exigiu novos arranjos educacionais, impondo a urgência de mediação tecnológica, onde acentua-se a desigualdade econômica e social historicamente arraigada em nossa sociedade. O diálogo proposto neste trabalho se fez com os teóricos (CASTELLS, 1999), (NÓVOA, 2020), (TARDIF, 2014), (PRETTO, 2020), entre outros. Como construtos metodológicos da pesquisa descritivo-analítica realizada, apresentamos o perfil sociodigital de discentes, traçado a partir de 223 questionários respondidos. Os resultados iniciais do estudo aqui apresentado revelam que os estudantes possuem poucos e inadequados equipamentos tecnológicos, baixa qualidade de acesso à internet, além da fragilidade de condições cognitivas, emocionais ou econômicas para estudar; impondo às universidades a necessidade de refletir sobre a formação de professores no ensino superior, neste contexto de sindemia