4,208 research outputs found
ECDIS-GNSS Combined to Improve Marine Traffic Safety
This paper analyses the enhanced GNSS and ECDIS technology in the realm of maritime navigation from the user’s perspective taking into account the latest changes in international regulations and standards. It is through this integration that mariners have the possibility to analyze their own ship’s position related to the chart information for a safer decision-making process and where the best accuracy of the position data can be properly managed. To obtain the maximum advantage of this enhanced technology a different approach by the mariner is required and a specific training program that provides comprehensive instruction on safe equipment operation must be developed.Este artículo analiza la tecnología mejorada del GNSS y del ECDIS en el campo de la navegación marítima, desde la perspectiva del usuario, tomando en cuenta los últimos cambios en los reglamentos y las normas internacionales. Es gracias a esta integración que los navegantes tienen la posibilidad de analizar la posición de sus propios buques con respecto a la información de la carta para un proceso de toma de decisiones más seguro y en el que pueda controlarse adecuadamente la mayor exactitud posible de los datos de posición. Para obtener las máximas ventajas de esta tecnología mejorada, se requiere un enfoque diferente por parte del navegante y tiene que desarrollarse un programa de formación específico que proporcione amplias instrucciones sobre el manejo seguro del equipo.Le présent article analyse la technologie GNSS et ECDIS améliorée dans le domaine de la navigation maritime, selon la perspective de l’utilisateur et en tenant compte des derniers changements intervenus dans les règles et normes internationales. C’est par cette intégration que les navigateurs ont la possibilité d’analyser la position de leur propre navire par rapport aux informations portées sur la carte en vue d’un processus de prise de décision plus sûr et lorsque la plus grande exactitude des données de position peut être gérée efficacement. Pour retirer le plus grand bénéfice de cette technologie améliorée, une différente approche est requise du navigateur et un programme de formation spécifique fournissant des instructions complètes sur le fonctionnement sûr des équipements doit être développé
Economía colaborativa y competencia desleal por infracción de normas. El caso de BlaBlaCar
La economía colaborativa alcanza en muchos países una influencia cada vez mayor al erigirse como una fuerte alternativa a los diversos sectores tradicionales en el mercado, siendo el sector del transporte uno de los más destacados. En este trabajo se examinan los principales problemas jurídicos que plantean estas nuevas plataformas y, profundizando en el fenómeno del carpooling o el caso de BlaBlaCar, se analizan las cuestiones fundamentales que han servido como base a los argumentos contrarios a este nuevo movimiento: su regulación, la responsabilidad tanto de las plataformas como de los usuarios y la valoración de su actividad desde la perspectiva del Derecho de la Competencia Desleal.Grado en Derech
Recordando a Erlang : un breve paseo (sin esperas) por la Teoría de Colas
Este artículo tiene un doble objetivo : por una parte, dar cuenta de la celebración del centenario de la Teoría de Colas ; por otra, presentar una breve introducción a lo más clásico de dicha teoría, que pueda resultar de utilidad para aquellos que teniendo unos conocimientos elementales de probabilidad desean introducirse en ella de manera rápida y sin demasiadas complicaciones
El procés fBm amb reflexió en l'estudi del tràfic sobre xarxes
El procés moviment Brownià fracccional (fBm) juga un paper molt important en la construcció de models estocàstics (models matemàtics per a situacions en les quals intervé l'atzar i que evolucionen en el temps) que descriguin adequadament cert tipus de fenòmens, com ara la càrrega de treball d'una estació amb un servidor, al qual li arriba la feina de manera aleatòria. Una professora del Departament de Matemàtiques de la UAB ha estudiat aquest procés en relació amb un model estocàstic de fluid sobre xarxes multiestació amb feedback.El proceso movimiento Browniano fracccional (fBm) juega un papel muyimportante en la construcción de modelos estocásticos (modelosmatemáticos para situaciones en las que interviene el azar y queevolucionan en el tiempo) que describan adecuadamente cierto tipo defenómenos, como la carga de trabajo de una estación con un servidor alque le llega el trabajo de manera aleatoria. Una profesora delDepartamento de Matemáticas de la UAB ha estudiado este proceso enrelación con un modelo estocástico de fluido sobre redes multiestacióncon feedback.Fractional Brownian motion process (fBm) plays a very important role inthe construction of stochastic models (mathematical models forsituations in which randomness is present and that evolve in time) thatproperly describe some kind of phenomenon, like the workload of astation with a server to which work arrives in a random (non-deterministic) way. A lecturer of the UAB Mathematics Department hasstudied this process in relation with a stochastic fluid model onmultistation networks with feedback
Matemàtiques i Internet: 101 anys de teoria de cues
Sense precedents en el seu creixement, sense paral.lelismes en la seva heterogeneïtat i imprevisible o, fins i tot, caòtica en el seu comportament, «Internet és una
revolució en si mateixa».1 En aquest article farem un cop d'ull a com i per què el trànsit d'informació a través d'Internet difereix en aspectes fonamentals del trànsit de veu a través de les xarxes de unicació convencionals (telefonia fixa) i presentarem un model matemàtic que ha suposat una fita en l'enginyeria del teletrànsit.Unprecedented in growth, with no parallels in heterogeneity, and unpredictable or even chaotic in its behaviour, The Internet is a revolution in itself (in the words of Anthony-Michael Rutkowski, named executive director of the Internet Society in 1994). In this paper we will look at how and why traffic information through the Internet differs in fundamental aspects from the voice traffic through conventional communications networks (fixed telephony), and we introduce a mathematical model that represented a milestone in teletraffic
engineering
The reform of the Italian legislation on childhood immunization
Upon the proposal of the Italian government, Law n. 191/2017 has been enacted, meant to considerably raise the number of mandatory vaccinations, while leaving several others merely "recommended" (non-mandatory). Such a reform has proven necessary in light of the latest epidemiologic data reflecting a steady decrease in the rates of immunization coverage in most Italian regions over the past few years, including mandatory vaccinations. Court rulings that held vaccinations may have caused autism, or even a child's death, have probably contributed to decrease in coverage.
Early interventions to mandate immunization had been put in place at the regional level, yet the Italian Government and Parliament have opted for a national piece of legislation devised to make mandatory vaccinations a requirement to gain access to the preschool system or day care services.
The authors elaborate on the reform's contents and shed a light on the medical, ethical and legal elements underpinning the mandate to immunize children. As a matter of fact, possible risks arising from vaccinations are rare, and largely offset by the benefits to both the children and society at large.
On the heels of the reform in question, the doctor-patient relationship is still at the forefront. In fact, citizens need to understand the value and usefulness of non-mandatory, recommended vaccines as well. Therefore, it appears necessary to improve the quality of vaccination counseling practices in childcare, but such activities need to take place within the framework of a broader strategy, centered on the fostering of a culture of prevention, backed by scientific research to the fullest extent possible
Blade Runner, el "factor humano" y la fórmula de Bayes
Tenemos una población "grande" de individuos (u objetos). De ellos, algunos poseen una característica que nos interesa especialmente, digamos A. La falta de la característica se denota por H. Todos los individuos son, por tanto, A o H, y no los podemos distinguir a simple vista. Podemos pensar que la característica A corresponde a ser androide y H a ser humano, como en el caso de Blade Runner, pero también podrían ser "tener cierta enfermedad" y "no tenerla", o "tener cierto defecto" y "no tener el defecto", por ejemplo. Existe una prueba fiable para clasificar a los individuos (u objetos) como poseedores o no de la característica A, pero es cara, costosa y/o peligrosa. Afortunadamente existe un test mucho más rápido y barato para la clasificación. Si el test da positivo (+) el individuo se clasifica como poseedor de la característica A y se clasifica como no poseedor de la característica A (como H) si da negativo (-). El problema es que el test no es completamente fiable: puede fallar dando falsos positivos o falsos negativos
Passive smoking indicators in Italy: does the gross domestic product matter?
BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study is to analyse the correlation between regional values of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and passive smoking in Italy.
METHODS:
The outcome measures were smoking ban respect in public places, workplaces and at home, derived from the PASSI surveillance for the period 2011⁻2017. The explanatory variable was GDP per capita. The statistical analysis was carried out using bivariate and linear regression analyses, taking into consideration two different periods, Years 2011⁻2014 and 2014⁻2017.
RESULTS:
GDP is showed to be positively correlated with smoking ban respect in public places (r = 0.779 p < 0.001; r = 0.723 p < 0.001 in the two periods, respectively), as well as smoking ban respect in the workplace (r = 0.662 p = 0.001; r = 0.603 p = 0.004) and no smoking at home adherence (r = 0.424 p = 0.056; r = 0.362 p = 0.107). In multiple linear regression GDP is significantly associated to smoking ban respect in public places (adjusted β = 0.730 p < 0.001; β = 0.698 p < 0.001 in the two periods, respectively), smoking ban in workplaces (adjusted β = 0.525 p = 0.020; β = 0.570 p = 0.009) and no smoking at home (adjusted β = 0.332 p = 0.070; β = 0.362 p = 0.052).
CONCLUSIONS:
Smoking ban is more respected in Regions with higher GDP. For a better health promotion, systematic vigilance and sanctions should be maintained and strengthened, particularly in regions with low compliance with smoking bans
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Developing alternative markets in Veracruz : the case of totomoxtle
textA series of economic and political changes that occurred in the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s have had major impacts on the small-scale agricultural sector in Mexico. The debt crisis of the 1980s led the government to adopt the neoliberal model. Reforms brought by the adoption of this model including trade liberalization, privatization of state-owned enterprises, reduction and cancellation of credits and social programs, along with the relative abandonment of the agricultural sector and focus on the manufacturing and services industries have caused economic, social and environmental harm to corn producers in the Totonacapan region of the state of Veracruz. In order to respond to the impacts of these large-scale policies, farmers coped by migrating to cities and U.S., and by taking advantage of the emergence of alternative markets, such as the corn husk, or totomoxtle, industry. The objective of this study is to explain the context in which totomoxtle emerged and evolved, and determine the importance and impact that this market has had on corn producers, intermediaries and exporters, men, women and children. Based on qualitative data gathered during 2011 using semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and the examination of secondary sources, I found that the totomoxtle trade has expanded considerably in the last decade becoming the main source of income and employment for many marginal households in the Totonacapan. The study questions, however, its ability to be used as a tool for poverty alleviation. Findings suggest that intermediaries and exporters obtain larger profits than farmers thus elucidating the need for more access to capital and infrastructure to achieve higher benefits for growers. At the same time, research also found evidence of the different participation of women and men during the production and manufacturing of totomoxtle. Moreover, research show that women were paid less, work for more hours and they labor in small and crowed places. Finally, data also suggests that the growth of totomoxtle production can be attributed to the increased demand and consumption by Mexican/Latino immigrant populations in the U.S., a shift in the American palate, and its overall availability in new immigrant destinations.Latin American Studie
Preparando la Conferencia de Algeciras: el acuerdo hispano francés de 1 de septiembre de 1905 sobre Marruecos
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