1,134 research outputs found
Drawing inferences for highādimensional linear models: A selectionāassisted partial regression and smoothing approach
Drawing inferences for highādimensional models is challenging as regular asymptotic theories are not applicable. This article proposes a new framework of simultaneous estimation and inferences for highādimensional linear models. By smoothing over partial regression estimates based on a given variable selection scheme, we reduce the problem to lowādimensional least squares estimations. The procedure, termed as Selectionāassisted Partial Regression and Smoothing (SPARES), utilizes data splitting along with variable selection and partial regression. We show that the SPARES estimator is asymptotically unbiased and normal, and derive its variance via a nonparametric delta method. The utility of the procedure is evaluated under various simulation scenarios and via comparisons with the deābiased LASSO estimators, a major competitor. We apply the method to analyze two genomic datasets and obtain biologically meaningful results.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151307/1/biom13013.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151307/2/biom13013-sup-0001-SuppData.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151307/3/biom13013_am.pd
Collaborative Deep Learning for Recommender Systems
Collaborative filtering (CF) is a successful approach commonly used by many
recommender systems. Conventional CF-based methods use the ratings given to
items by users as the sole source of information for learning to make
recommendation. However, the ratings are often very sparse in many
applications, causing CF-based methods to degrade significantly in their
recommendation performance. To address this sparsity problem, auxiliary
information such as item content information may be utilized. Collaborative
topic regression (CTR) is an appealing recent method taking this approach which
tightly couples the two components that learn from two different sources of
information. Nevertheless, the latent representation learned by CTR may not be
very effective when the auxiliary information is very sparse. To address this
problem, we generalize recent advances in deep learning from i.i.d. input to
non-i.i.d. (CF-based) input and propose in this paper a hierarchical Bayesian
model called collaborative deep learning (CDL), which jointly performs deep
representation learning for the content information and collaborative filtering
for the ratings (feedback) matrix. Extensive experiments on three real-world
datasets from different domains show that CDL can significantly advance the
state of the art
Study of trap states in zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films for electronic applications
The electrical properties of ZnO thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition were studied. Field-effect devices with a mobility reaching 1 cm2/V s show non-linearities both in the currentāvoltage and in the transfer characteristics which are explained as due to the presence of trap states. These traps cause a reversible threshold voltage shift as revealed by low-frequency capacitanceāvoltage measurements in
metal insulator semiconductor (MIS) capacitors. Thermal detrapping experiments in heterojunctions confirm the presence of a trap state located at 0.32 eV
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ZnO-based transparent thin-film transistors
Highly transparent ZnO-based thin-film transistors (TFTs) are fabricated with optical transmission (including substrate) of ~75% in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Currentāvoltage measurements indicate n-channel, enhancement-mode TFT operation with excellent drain current saturation and a drain current on-to-off ratio of ~10ā·. Threshold voltages and channel mobilities of devices fabricated to date range from ~10 to 20 V and ~0.3 to 2.5 cmĀ²/Vs, respectively. Exposure to ambient light has little to no observable effect on the drain current. In contrast, exposure to intense ultraviolet radiation results in persistent photoconductivity, associated with the creation of electron-hole pairs by ultraviolet photons with energies greater than the ZnO band gap. Light sensitivity is reduced by decreasing the ZnO channel layer thickness. One attractive application for transparent TFTs involves their use as select-transistors in each pixel of an active-matrix liquid-crystal display
Multiple publications: The main reason for the retraction of papers in computer science
This paper intends to review the reasons for the retraction over the last decade. The paper particularly aims at reviewing these reasons with reference to computer science field to assist authors in comprehending the style of writing. To do that, a total of thirty-six retracted papers found on the Web of Science within Jan 2007 through July 2017 are explored. Given the retraction notices which are based on ten common reasons, this paper classifies the two main categories, namely random and nonrandom retraction. Retraction due to the duplication of publications scored the highest proportion of all other reasons reviewed
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Electrical characterization of transparent pāiān heterojunction diodes
Transparent p ā i ā n heterojunction diodes are fabricated using heavily doped, p-type CuYOā and
semi-insulating i-ZnO thin films deposited onto a glass substrate coated with n-type indium tin
oxide. Rectification is observed, with a ratio of forward-to-reverse current as high as 60 in the range
ā4ā4 V. The forward-bias currentāvoltage characteristics are dominated by the flow of
space-charge-limited current, which is ascribed to single-carrier injection into the i-ZnO layer.
Capacitance measurements show strong frequency dispersion, which is attributed to i-ZnO traps.
The diode structure has a total thickness of 0.75 Ī¼m and an optical transmission of ā¼35%ā65% in
the visible region
Neurodegeneration and Epilepsy in a Zebrafish Model of CLN3 Disease (Batten Disease)
The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses are a group of lysosomal storage disorders that comprise the most common, genetically heterogeneous, fatal neurodegenerative disorders of children. They are characterised by childhood onset, visual failure, epileptic seizures, psychomotor retardation and dementia. CLN3 disease, also known as Batten disease, is caused by autosomal recessive mutations in the CLN3 gene, 80ā85% of which are a ~1 kb deletion. Currently no treatments exist, and after much suffering, the disease inevitably results in premature death. The aim of this study was to generate a zebrafish model of CLN3 disease using antisense morpholino injection, and characterise the pathological and functional consequences of Cln3 deficiency, thereby providing a tool for future drug discovery. The model was shown to faithfully recapitulate the pathological signs of CLN3 disease, including reduced survival, neuronal loss, retinopathy, axonopathy, loss of motor function, lysosomal storage of subunit c of mitochondrial ATP synthase, and epileptic seizures, albeit with an earlier onset and faster progression than the human disease. Our study provides proof of principle that the advantages of the zebrafish over other model systems can be utilised to further our understanding of the pathogenesis of CLN3 disease and accelerate drug discovery
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Evaluation of outreach services for primary care and mental health; assessing the impact
Objectives: This paper reports an evaluation, carried out for London Health Libraries, of the impact of outreach services to primary care and mental health workers in thirteen different settings. The main aims of the project were to identify the impact being made by the service, and to produce best practice guidelines for outreach services in this kind of ādifficultā community setting.
Methods: Methods used were: analysis of documents (all 13 services); analysis of any evaluation already performed by or for the service (all 13 services); interviews with outreach librarians (11 services); questionnaire survey of a representative sample of users (8 services, with 66 returned questionnaires, 35% response rate). The services evaluated were very diverse, in terms of setting, structure, functions and activities, and extent and nature of self-evaluation and reporting. The evaluation was therefore largely qualitative, in order to deal with the lack of a consistent ātemplateā for analysis. Emphasis was placed on trying to identify critical incidents , where it could be shown unambiguously that the outreach services made a difference to practice.
Study limitations included the difficulty of summarising and comparing very different situations and diverse services, difficulty in identifying critical incidents, and an inability to study ānon-usersā.
Findings: Service recipients felt better informed, more up-
to-date, more aware of resources, more confident and supported in their work, and saved time. Services contributed to a richer information environment. Direct impacts, demonstrably improved patient care, cost savings etc., were more difficult to establish
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Relaxation charge anomalies in the chargeāvoltage characteristics of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent devices
Anomalous charge-voltage (Q-V) characteristics are observed for several types of alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices. These Q-V curves are anomalous because conduction charge flows in these devices exclusively during the portion of the wave form in which the applied voltage is constant, at its maximum value; this kind of conduction charge is denoted relaxation charge. In a normal ACTFEL device, most of the conduction charge flows during the portion of the wave form in which the applied voltage increases with time. The anomalous Q-V characteristics are attributed to insulator leakage for the devices tested. Simulation shows that such anomalous behavior may arise from either insulator of phosphor leakage
Ethical and methodological issues in engaging young people living in poverty with participatory research methods
This paper discusses the methodological and ethical issues arising from a project that focused on conducting a qualitative study using participatory techniques with children and young people living in disadvantage. The main aim of the study was to explore the impact of poverty on children and young people's access to public and private services. The paper is based on the author's perspective of the first stage of the fieldwork from the project. It discusses the ethical implications of involving children and young people in the research process, in particular issues relating to access and recruitment, the role of young people's advisory groups, use of visual data and collection of data in young people's homes. The paper also identifies some strategies for addressing the difficulties encountered in relation to each of these aspects and it considers the benefits of adopting participatory methods when conducting research with children and young people
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