6,373 research outputs found
Effects of fatigue on technique during 5 km road running
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on kinematic parameters during a 5 km road race, and to establish how men and women fatigue differently. 17 highly competitive distance runners (9 male, 8 female) were videoed (50 Hz) as they completed the English National 5 km championships. Three-dimensional kinematic data were analysed using motion analysis software (SIMI, Munich). Data were recorded at 950 m, 2,400 m, and 3,850 m. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant decrease in speed (p < 0.01) which occurred due to both decreased step length and cadence (p < 0.05). Differences in speed, step length and contact time between men and women were found (p < 0.05). Athletes can reduce the risk of fatigue by using appropriate racing tactics
PNA-induced assembly of fluorescent proteins using DNA as a framework
Controlled alignment of proteins on molecular frameworks requires the development of facile and orthogonal chemical approaches and molecular scaffolds. In this work, protein−PNA conjugates are brought forward as new chemical components allowing efficient assembly and alignment on DNA scaffolds. Site-selective monomeric teal fluorescent protein (mTFP)−peptide nucleic acid (PNA) (mTFP-PNA) conjugation was achieved by covalent linkage of the PNA to the protein through expressed protein ligation (EPL). A DNA beacon, with 6-Fam and Dabcyl at its ends, acts as a framework to create an assembled hetero-FRET system with the mTFP-PNA conjugate. Using fluorescence intensity, frequency domain lifetime measurements, and anisotropy measurements, the system was shown to produce FRET as indicated by decreased donor intensity, decreased donor lifetime, and increased donor anisotropy. Extension of the DNA scaffold allowed for the assembly of multiple mTFP-PNA constructs. Efficient formation of protein dimers and oligomers on the DNA-PNA frameworks could be shown, as visualized via size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Assembly of multiple proteins in a row induced homo-FRET for the mTFP-PNA’s assembled on the DNA scaffolds. The oligonucleotide framework allows an induced and controllable assembly of proteins by fusing them to PNAs directed to align on DNA scaffolds
Study directed at development of an implantable biotelemetry ion detector
A literature search was conducted to currently update known information in the field of ion-selective electrodes. The review attempts to identify present trends in cation and anions selective electrodes pertinent to the area of bioimplantable units. An electronic circuit was designed to provide the high impedance interface between the ion-selective sensors and signal-processing equipment. The resulting design emphasized the need for low power and miniaturization. Many of the circuits were constructed and used to evaluate the ion-selective electrodes. A cuvette capable of holding the ion-selective and the reference electrodes was designed and constructed. This equipment was used to evaluate commercially available ion-selective electrodes and the electrodes designed and constructed in the study. The results of the electrode tests are included
EFFECTS OF FATIGUE ON TECHNIQUE DURING 5 KM ROAD RUNNING
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of fatigue on kinematic parameters during a 5 km road race, and to establish how men and women fatigue differently. 17 highly competitive distance runners (9 male, 8 female) were videoed (50 Hz) as they completed the English National 5 km championships. Three-dimensional kinematic data were analysed using motion analysis software (SIMI, Munich). Data were recorded at 950 m, 2,400 m, and 3,850 m. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant decrease in speed (p < 0.01) which occurred due to both decreased step length and cadence (p < 0.05). Differences in speed, step length and contact time between men and women were found (p < 0.05). Athletes can reduce the risk of fatigue by using appropriate racing tactics
Reverse engineering of biochar
This study underpins quantitative relationships that account for the combined effects that starting biomass and peak pyrolysis temperature have on physico-chemical properties of biochar. Meta-data was assembled from published data of diverse biochar samples (n = 102) to (i) obtain networks of intercorrelated properties and (ii) derive models that predict biochar properties. Assembled correlation networks provide a qualitative overview of the combinations of biochar properties likely to occur in a sample. Generalized Linear Models are constructed to account for situations of varying complexity, including: dependence of biochar properties on single or multiple predictor variables, where dependence on multiple variables can have additive and/or interactive effects; non-linear relation between the response and predictors; and non-Gaussian data distributions. The web-tool Biochar Engineering implements the derived models to maximize their utility and distribution. Provided examples illustrate the practical use of the networks, models and web-tool to engineer biochars with prescribed properties desirable for hypothetical scenarios
Traffic related noise and air quality valuations: evidence from stated preference residential choice models
This paper reports on research which has estimated valuations of changes in traffic related noise levels and air quality and which contributes to the body of knowledge and to methodology in this area. There are several novel aspects of this research. Firstly, there have been relatively few stated preference studies of the monetary valuations of traffic related noise and air quality. A feature of this analysis is the examination of variations in values according to the size and sign of the environmental change, the currently experienced level of the attribute and various socio-economic factors. Secondly, the important issue of presentation is addressed, with two different methods used in the valuation of air quality and links made between valuations and physical measures. Thirdly, the results from stated preference and the contingent valuation method are compared. Finally, we bring together evidence from other studies and compare them with the findings obtained here
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The Man Who Mistook His Neuropsychologist For a Popstar: When Configural Processing Fails in Acquired Prosopagnosia
We report the case of an individual with acquired prosopagnosia who experiences extreme difficulties in recognizing familiar faces in everyday life despite excellent object recognition skills. Formal testing indicates that he is also severely impaired at remembering pre-experimentally unfamiliar faces and that he takes an extremely long time to identify famous faces and to match unfamiliar faces. Nevertheless, he performs as accurately and quickly as controls at identifying inverted familiar and unfamiliar faces and can recognize famous faces from their external features. He also performs as accurately as controls at recognizing famous faces when fracturing conceals the configural information in the face. He shows evidence of impaired global processing but normal local processing of Navon figures. This case appears to reflect the clearest example yet of an acquired prosopagnosic patient whose familiar face recognition deficit is caused by a severe configural processing deficit in the absence of any problems in featural processing. These preserved featural skills together with apparently intact visual imagery for faces allow him to identify a surprisingly large number of famous faces when unlimited time is available. The theoretical implications of this pattern of performance for understanding the nature of acquired prosopagnosia are discussed.DY, Avery Braun, Jacob Waite, and Nadine Wanke, Bruno Rossion, Thomas Busigny and the grant awarded by AJ by the Experimental Psychology Society (EPS
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