Sensory hybrid host materials for the selective chromo-fluorogenic detection of biogenic amines

Pyrylium-containing mesoporous materials have been used for the chromo-fluorogenic sensing of biogenic amines in an aqueous environment.Amoros del Toro, Pedro Jose, [email protected]

Clinical Practice Guideline on Melanoma From the Spanish Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (AEDV)

El diagnóstico y tratamiento del melanoma en atención especializada es un campo en el que se han producido numerosos cambios. El objetivo de esta guía es ofrecer a los dermatólogos españoles una referencia para resolver las dudas clínicas más frecuentes basándose en la evidencia actual. Para la realización de esta guía se escogió a miembros del Grupo Español de Dermato-Oncología y Cirugía con experiencia en el tratamiento de estos tumores y con interés en participar en la elaboración de la guía. Se hizo una adaptación de las guías de práctica clínica existentes mediante el método ADAPTE: inicialmente se resumió el proceso de atención y se elaboraron las preguntas clínicas relevantes. Se seleccionaron las guías mejor puntuadas mediante el instrumento AGREE II, realizando la búsqueda de las respuestas en dichas guías y elaborando las recomendaciones. Finalmente se sometió la guía a revisión externa. La guía se estructuró a partir de 21 preguntas clínicas que fueron seleccionadas por su relevancia, dado que se centran en aspectos que pueden plantear decisiones difíciles en el manejo del melanoma, y se han respondido empleando la evidencia obtenida de las mejores guías existentes. Entre las limitaciones de esta guía merece reseñarse que la evidencia es escasa para responder a algunas preguntas. En algunos aspectos el cambio es rápido y exige una actualización frecuente de la guía. Esta guía responde a preguntas habituales sobre el manejo del melanoma en la práctica clínica diaria, sirviendo a los dermatólogos como referencia en la toma de decisiones, siempre teniendo presente los recursos y preferencias del paciente

Oral linezolid compared with benzathine penicillin G for treatment of early syphilis in adults (Trep-AB Study) in Spain : a prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial

Background: Management of syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI) with increasing incidence, is challenged by drug shortages, scarcity of randomised trial data, an absence of non-penicillin alternatives for pregnant women with penicillin allergy (other than desensitisation), extended parenteral administration for neurosyphilis and congenital syphilis, and macrolide resistance. Linezolid was shown to be active against Treponema pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, in vitro and in the rabbit model. We aimed to assess the efficacy of linezolid for treating early syphilis in adults compared with the standard of care benzathine penicillin G (BPG). Methods: We did a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial to assess the efficacy of linezolid for treating early syphilis compared with BPG. We recruited participants with serological or molecular confirmation of syphilis (either primary, secondary, or early latent) at one STI unit in a public hospital and two STI community clinics in Catalonia (Spain). Participants were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio using a computer-generated block randomisation list with six participants per block, to receive either oral linezolid (600 mg once per day for 5 days) or intramuscular BPG (single dose of 2·4 million international units) and were assessed for signs and symptoms (once per week until week 6 and at week 12, week 24, and week 48) and reagin titres of non-treponemal antibodies (week 12, week 24, and week 48). The primary endpoint was treatment response, assessed using a composite endpoint that included clinical response, serological response, and absence of relapse. Clinical response was assessed at 2 weeks for primary syphilis and at 6 weeks for secondary syphilis following treatment initiation. Serological cure was defined as a four-fold decline in rapid plasma reagin titre or seroreversion at any of the 12-week, 24-week, or 48-week timepoints. The absence of relapse was defined as the presence of different molecular sequence types of T pallidum in recurrent syphilis. Non-inferiority was shown if the lower limit of the two-sided 95% CI for the difference in rates of treatment response was higher than -10%. The primary analysis was done in the per-protocol population. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05069974) and was stopped for futility after interim analysis. Findings: Between Oct 20, 2021, and Sept 15, 2022, 62 patients were assessed for eligibility, and 59 were randomly assigned to linezolid (n=29) or BPG (n=30). In the per-protocol population, after 48 weeks' follow-up, 19 (70%) of 27 participants (95% CI 49·8 to 86·2) in the linezolid group had responded to treatment and 28 (100%) of 28 participants (87·7 to 100·0) in the BPG group (treatment difference -29·6, 95% CI -50·5 to -8·8), which did not meet the non-inferiority criterion. The number of drug-related adverse events (all mild or moderate) was similar in both treatment groups (five [17%] of 29, 95% CI 5·8 to 35·8 in the linezolid group vs five [17%] of 30, 5·6 to 34·7, in the BPG group). No serious adverse events were reported during follow-up. Interpretation: The efficacy of linezolid at a daily dose of 600 mg for 5 days did not meet the non-inferiority criteria compared with BPG and, as a result, this treatment regimen should not be used to treat patients with early syphilis. Funding: European Research Council and Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias

Monitoring of chicken meat freshness by means of a colorimetric sensor array

A new optoelectronic nose to monitor chicken meat ageing has been developed. It is based on 16 pigments prepared by the incorporation of different dyes (pH indicators, Lewis acids, hydrogenbonding derivatives, selective probes and natural dyes) into inorganic materials (UVM-7, silica and alumina). The colour changes of the sensor array were characteristic of chicken ageing in a modi¿ed packaging atmosphere (30% CO2¿70% N2). The chromogenic array data were processed with qualitative (PCA) and quantitative (PLS) tools. The PCA statistical analysis showed a high degree of dispersion, with nine dimensions required to explain 95% of variance. Despite this high dimensionality, a tridimensional representation of the three principal components was able to differentiate ageing with 2-day intervals. Moreover, the PLS statistical analysis allows the creation of a model to correlate the chromogenic data with chicken meat ageing. The model offers a PLS prediction model for ageing with values of 0.9937, 0.0389 and 0.994 for the slope, the intercept and the regression coef¿cient, respectively, and is in agreement with the perfect ¿t between the predicted and measured values observed. The results suggest the feasibility of this system to help develop optoelectronic noses that monitor food freshness.Salinas Soler, Y.; Ros-Lis, JV.; Vivancos, J.; Martínez Mañez, R.; Marcos Martínez, MD.; Aucejo Romero, S.; Herranz, N.... (2012). Monitoring of chicken meat freshness by means of a colorimetric sensor array. Analyst. 137(16):3635-3643. doi:10.1039/C2AN35211GS3635364313716Anang, D. M., Rusul, G., Ling, F. H., & Bhat, R. (2010). Inhibitory effects of lactic acid and lauricidin on spoilage organisms of chicken breast during storage at chilled temperature. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 144(1), 152-159. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.09.014HINTON, A., & INGRAM, K. D. (2005). Microbicidal Activity of Tripotassium Phosphate and Fatty Acids toward Spoilage and Pathogenic Bacteria Associated with Poultry. Journal of Food Protection, 68(7), 1462-1466. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-68.7.1462Jeremiah, L. . (2001). Packaging alternatives to deliver fresh meats using short- or long-term distribution. Food Research International, 34(9), 749-772. doi:10.1016/s0963-9969(01)00096-5Ellis, D. I., & Goodacre, R. (2001). Rapid and quantitative detection of the microbial spoilage of muscle foods: current status and future trends. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 12(11), 414-424. doi:10.1016/s0924-2244(02)00019-5Vinci, G., & Antonelli, M. . (2002). Biogenic amines: quality index of freshness in red and white meat. Food Control, 13(8), 519-524. doi:10.1016/s0956-7135(02)00031-2Lovestead, T. M., & Bruno, T. J. (2010). Detection of poultry spoilage markers from headspace analysis with cryoadsorption on a short alumina PLOT column. Food Chemistry, 121(4), 1274-1282. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.044Bota, G. M., & Harrington, P. B. (2006). Direct detection of trimethylamine in meat food products using ion mobility spectrometry. Talanta, 68(3), 629-635. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2005.05.001Grau, R., Sánchez, A. J., Girón, J., Iborra, E., Fuentes, A., & Barat, J. M. (2011). Nondestructive assessment of freshness in packaged sliced chicken breasts using SW-NIR spectroscopy. Food Research International, 44(1), 331-337. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.011Sahar, A., Boubellouta, T., & Dufour, É. (2011). Synchronous front-face fluorescence spectroscopy as a promising tool for the rapid determination of spoilage bacteria on chicken breast fillet. Food Research International, 44(1), 471-480. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2010.09.006Lin, M., Al-Holy, M., Mousavi-Hesary, M., Al-Qadiri, H., Cavinato, A. G., & Rasco, B. A. (2004). Rapid and quantitative detection of the microbial spoilage in chicken meat by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (600-1100 nm). Letters in Applied Microbiology, 39(2), 148-155. doi:10.1111/j.1472-765x.2004.01546.xMartínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2003). Fluorogenic and Chromogenic Chemosensors and Reagents for Anions. Chemical Reviews, 103(11), 4419-4476. doi:10.1021/cr010421eAmendola, V., Fabbrizzi, L., & Mosca, L. (2010). Anion recognition by hydrogen bonding: urea-based receptors. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(10), 3889. doi:10.1039/b822552bQuang, D. T., & Kim, J. S. (2010). Fluoro- and Chromogenic Chemodosimeters for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Solution and Biospecimens. Chemical Reviews, 110(10), 6280-6301. doi:10.1021/cr100154pAmendola, V., Bonizzoni, M., Esteban-Gómez, D., Fabbrizzi, L., Licchelli, M., Sancenón, F., & Taglietti, A. (2006). Some guidelines for the design of anion receptors. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 250(11-12), 1451-1470. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2006.01.006Chen, X., Zhou, Y., Peng, X., & Yoon, J. (2010). Fluorescent and colorimetric probes for detection of thiols. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(6), 2120. doi:10.1039/b925092aMohr, G. J. (2006). New chromogenic and fluorogenic reagents and sensors for neutral and ionic analytes based on covalent bond formation–a review of recent developments. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 386(5), 1201-1214. doi:10.1007/s00216-006-0647-3Kerry, J. P., O’Grady, M. N., & Hogan, S. A. (2006). Past, current and potential utilisation of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and muscle-based products: A review. Meat Science, 74(1), 113-130. doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.04.024Rakow, N. A., & Suslick, K. S. (2000). A colorimetric sensor array for odour visualization. Nature, 406(6797), 710-713. doi:10.1038/35021028Lim, S. H., Kemling, J. W., Feng, L., & Suslick, K. S. (2009). A colorimetric sensor array of porous pigments. The Analyst, 134(12), 2453. doi:10.1039/b916571aPalacios, M. A., Nishiyabu, R., Marquez, M., & Anzenbacher, P. (2007). Supramolecular Chemistry Approach to the Design of a High-Resolution Sensor Array for Multianion Detection in Water. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129(24), 7538-7544. doi:10.1021/ja0704784Wu, Y., Na, N., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Liu, D., & Zhang, X. (2009). Discrimination and Identification of Flavors with Catalytic Nanomaterial-Based Optical Chemosensor Array. Analytical Chemistry, 81(3), 961-966. doi:10.1021/ac801733kJanzen, M. C., Ponder, J. B., Bailey, D. P., Ingison, C. K., & Suslick, K. S. (2006). Colorimetric Sensor Arrays for Volatile Organic Compounds. Analytical Chemistry, 78(11), 3591-3600. doi:10.1021/ac052111sSuslick, B. A., Feng, L., & Suslick, K. S. (2010). Discrimination of Complex Mixtures by a Colorimetric Sensor Array: Coffee Aromas. Analytical Chemistry, 82(5), 2067-2073. doi:10.1021/ac902823wHuang, X., Xin, J., & Zhao, J. (2011). A novel technique for rapid evaluation of fish freshness using colorimetric sensor array. Journal of Food Engineering, 105(4), 632-637. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.03.034Anzenbacher, Jr., P., Lubal, P., Buček, P., Palacios, M. A., & Kozelkova, M. E. (2010). A practical approach to optical cross-reactive sensor arrays. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(10), 3954. doi:10.1039/b926220mRos-Lis, J. V., García, B., Jiménez, D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., … Valldecabres, M. C. (2004). Squaraines as Fluoro−Chromogenic Probes for Thiol-Containing Compounds and Their Application to the Detection of Biorelevant Thiols. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(13), 4064-4065. doi:10.1021/ja031987iRos-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Rurack, K., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., & Spieles, M. (2004). Highly Selective Chromogenic Signaling of Hg2+in Aqueous Media at Nanomolar Levels Employing a Squaraine-Based Reporter. Inorganic Chemistry, 43(17), 5183-5185. doi:10.1021/ic049422qRos-Lis, J. V., Marcos, M. D., Mártinez-Máñez, R., Rurack, K., & Soto, J. (2005). A Regenerative Chemodosimeter Based on Metal-Induced Dye Formation for the Highly Selective and Sensitive Optical Determination of Hg2+ Ions. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 44(28), 4405-4407. doi:10.1002/anie.200500583Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Soto, J. (2005). Colorimetric Signaling of Large Aromatic Hydrocarbons via the Enhancement of Aggregation Processes. Organic Letters, 7(12), 2337-2339. doi:10.1021/ol050564dCliment, E., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Rurack, K., & Amorós, P. (2009). The Determination of Methylmercury in Real Samples Using Organically Capped Mesoporous Inorganic Materials Capable of Signal Amplification. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 48(45), 8519-8522. doi:10.1002/anie.200904243Ábalos, T., Jiménez, D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Ros-Lis, J. V., Royo, S., Sancenón, F., … Parra, M. (2009). Hg2+ and Cu2+ selective detection using a dual channel receptor based on thiopyrylium scaffoldings. Tetrahedron Letters, 50(27), 3885-3888. doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.060Climent, E., Giménez, C., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., & Soto, J. (2011). Selective and sensitive chromo-fluorogenic sensing of anionic surfactants in water using functionalised silica nanoparticles. Chemical Communications, 47(24), 6873. doi:10.1039/c1cc11393cRoyo, S., Costero, A. M., Parra, M., Gil, S., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Sancenón, F. (2011). Chromogenic, Specific Detection of the Nerve-Agent Mimic DCNP (a Tabun Mimic). Chemistry - A European Journal, 17(25), 6931-6934. doi:10.1002/chem.201100602García-Acosta, B., Comes, M., Bricks, J. L., Kudinova, M. A., Kurdyukov, V. V., Tolmachev, A. I., … Amorós, P. (2006). Sensory hybrid host materials for the selective chromo-fluorogenic detection of biogenic amines. Chem. Commun., (21), 2239-2241. doi:10.1039/b602497aSancenón, F., Descalzo, A. B., Martínez-Máñez, R., Miranda, M. A., & Soto, J. (2001). A Colorimetric ATP Sensor Based on 1,3,5-Triarylpent-2-en-1,5-diones. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 40(14), 2640-2643. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20010716)40:143.0.co;2-aEsteban, J., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Moragues, M., Soto, J., & Sancenón, F. (2010). Sensitive and Selective Chromogenic Sensing of Carbon Monoxide by Using Binuclear Rhodium Complexes. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49(29), 4934-4937. doi:10.1002/anie.201001344Moragues, M. E., Esteban, J., Ros-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Martínez, M., … Sancenón, F. (2011). Sensitive and Selective Chromogenic Sensing of Carbon Monoxide via Reversible Axial CO Coordination in Binuclear Rhodium Complexes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 133(39), 15762-15772. doi:10.1021/ja206251rRos-Lis, J. V., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., Soto, J., Rurack, K., & Weißhoff, H. (2007). Signalling Mechanisms in Anion-Responsive Push-Pull Chromophores: The Hydrogen-Bonding, Deprotonation and Anion-Exchange Chemistry of Functionalized Azo Dyes. European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2007(15), 2449-2458. doi:10.1002/ejoc.200601111El Haskouri, J., Zárate, D. O. de, Guillem, C., Latorre, J., Caldés, M., Beltrán, A., … Amorós, P. (2002). Silica-based powders and monoliths with bimodal pore systemsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: UV–Vis spectrum of sample 3. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/cc/b1/b110883b/. Chemical Communications, (4), 330-331. doi:10.1039/b110883bDe Jong, S. (1993). SIMPLS: An alternative approach to partial least squares regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 18(3), 251-263. doi:10.1016/0169-7439(93)85002-xSmolander, M., Hurme, E., Latva-Kala, K., Luoma, T., Alakomi, H.-L., & Ahvenainen, R. (2002). Myoglobin-based indicators for the evaluation of freshness of unmarinated broiler cuts. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 279-288. doi:10.1016/s1466-8564(02)00043-7Dainty, R. H. (1996). Chemical/biochemical detection of spoilage. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 33(1), 19-33. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(96)01137-3De Fernando, G. D. G., Nychas, G. J. E., Peck, M. W., & Ordóñez, J. A. (1995). Growth/survival of psychrotrophic pathogens on meat packaged under modified atmospheres. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 28(2), 221-231. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(95)00058-5Descalzo, A. B., Dolores Marcos, M., Monte, C., Martínez-Máñez, R., & Rurack, K. (2007). Mesoporous silica materials with covalently anchored phenoxazinone dyes as fluorescent hybrid materials for vapour sensing. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 17(44), 4716. doi:10.1039/b707473eDescalzo, A. B., Rurack, K., Weisshoff, H., Martínez-Máñez, R., Marcos, M. D., Amorós, P., … Soto, J. (2005). Rational Design of a Chromo- and Fluorogenic Hybrid Chemosensor Material for the Detection of Long-Chain Carboxylates. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 127(1), 184-200. doi:10.1021/ja045683nComes, M., Aznar, E., Moragues, M., Marcos, M. D., Martínez-Máñez, R., Sancenón, F., … Amorós, P. (2009). Mesoporous Hybrid Materials Containing Nanoscopic «Binding Pockets» for Colorimetric Anion Signaling in Water by using Displacement Assays. Chemistry - A European Journal, 15(36), 9024-9033. doi:10.1002/chem.200900890Nychas, G.-J. E., & Tassou, C. C. (1997). Spoilage Processes and Proteolysis in Chicken as Detected by HPLC. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 74(2), 199-208. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0010(199706)74:23.0.co;2-4Jiménez, S. M., Salsi, M. S., Tiburzi, M. C., Rafaghelli, R. C., Tessi, M. A., & Coutaz, V. R. (1997). Spoilage microflora in fresh chicken breast stored at 4 °C : influence of packaging methods. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 83(5), 613-618. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00276.xDe Fernando, G. D. G., Nychas, G. J. E., Peck, M. W., & Ordóñez, J. A. (1995). Growth/survival of psychrotrophic pathogens on meat packaged under modified atmospheres. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 28(2), 221-231. doi:10.1016/0168-1605(95)00058-5BALAMATSIA, C., PATSIAS, A., KONTOMINAS, M., & SAVVAIDIS, I. (2007). Possible role of volatile amines as quality-indicating metabolites in modified atmosphere-packaged chicken fillets: Correlation with microbiological and sensory attributes. Food Chemistry, 104(4), 1622-1628. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.013Balamatsia, C. C., Paleologos, E. 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Estudio de los Ecosistemas Marinos Vulnerables en aguas internacionales del Atlántico Sudoccidental

En este libro, basado en la mejor información científica disponible hasta la fecha, se presentan los resultados y conclusiones de una serie de trece campañas de investigación multidisciplinar realizadas entre octubre de 2007 y abril de 2010 por los componentes del Grupo ATLANTIS a bordo del B/O MIGUEL OLIVER, propiedad de la Secretaría General de Pesca (SGP). El estudio surge a raíz de la solicitud por parte de la SGP (anteriormente denominada Secretaría General del Mar) al Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), para la realización de una serie de campañas de investigación multidisciplinar en aguas internacionales del Atlántico Sudoccidental, dirigidas al estudio de los Ecosistemas Marinos Vulnerables (EMVs) y de las posibles interacciones con las actividades pesqueras. El objetivo final de dichas campañas era el estudio y la identificación cuantitativa, cualitativa y geográfica de los EMVs y de los grupos taxonómicos de organismos sensibles que pudieran existir en la zona de estudio, incluyendo la propuesta de posibles zonas marinas a proteger, para una explotación sostenible de los recursos pesqueros en el ámbito del respeto a los EMVs. Los resultados que se presentan en este libro comprenden los obtenidos a través de los trabajos de geología, geomorfología, bentos, pesca, oceanografía física y análisis de contaminantes en la zona de aguas internacionales del Atlántico Sudoccidental comprendida entre los paralelos 42º y 48ºS, y la isobata de los 1500 m de profundidad (Figura 2.2). Entre estos resultados se incluye el cartografiado y una batimetría detallada de la zona, la descripción del substrato geológico y de los aspectos bentónicos, el análisis de la distribución y abundancia de las especies de mayor interés comercial, la huella de la pesquería, la identificación y descripción preliminar de los EMVs, y la propuesta de Zonas de Protección, basada en criterios Geológicos, Geomorfológicos y Biológicos. Toda esta información ha sido incorporada para su tratamiento en una plataforma SIG (Sistema de Información Geográfica) y los resultados obtenidos y presentados en este libro vienen acompañados de abundante información gráfica, como imágenes batimétricas en 3D, fotografías de bentos (infauna y epifauna), imágenes tomadas con un ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) y con una cámara digital submarina, así como una serie de mapas de distribución, capturas y densidad de las principales especies de interés pesquero. Se incluye también un mapa con la huella de la pesquería (1989-2010) que permita observar la incidencia de las Zonas de Protección propuestas en el área en la que faena habitualmente la flota española de arrastre de fondo. Como información adicional a la obtenida en las trece campañas de investigación, también se ha utilizado la base de datos creada con la información recogida por el Programa de Observadores del IEO entre los años 1989-2010, referente a datos comerciales, biológicos, oceanográficos y físicos (batimetría, temperatura superficial del mar y temperatura del fondo). Entre octubre de 2007 y abril de 2010 se han realizado un total de trece campañas de investigación multidisciplinar, que se han concretado en los siguientes trabajos: • 347 días efectivos de mar • Prospección de una superficie total de 59.105 km2 • Realización de un total de 91.905 km de perfiles geofísicos • 102 muestreos con draga de roca • 209 muestreos con draga box corer • 519 estaciones de CTD • 413 lances de pesca • 413 muestras de sedimentos con el colector de red • Recogida de varios miles de lotes de muestras de bentos que representan varios centenares de miles de especímenes y/o colonias • Realización de miles de fotografías de especies bentónicas, centenares de imágenes digitales de alta resolución y decenas de horas de vídeo realizadas con el ROV del barco Entre los principales resultados de los trabajos de investigación multidisciplinar presentados en este libro hay que destacar la identificación, descripción y delimitación de los EMVs, siguiendo criterios biológicos, geológicos y mixtos; la identificación de los principales grupos bentónicos indicadores de EMVs; la determinación de los valores que representan una captura significativa de los distintos taxones considerados como vulnerables según criterios de la ONU y OSPAR, y finalmente, la propuesta de áreas marinas que deberían ser consideradas como candidatas a ser protegidas. En total se proponen nueve polígonos de diferente superficie para su valoración como zonas de protección (Figura 7.5) y se hace referencia a la incidencia que el cierre de dichas zonas podría tener sobre la actividad de la flota, es decir, el grado de solapamiento entre las zonas de protección y la huella de la pesquería (Figura 7.6). Todos estos resultados se presentan acompañados de abundantes gráficas, figuras y mapas.Instituto Español de OceanografíaVersión del edito

Synthesis and prospective study of the use of thiophene thiosemicarbazones as signalling scaffolding for the recognition of anions

A family of phenyl-thiosemicarbazone dyes have been prepared and their interactions with anions monitorized via UV-Vis, fluorescence and 1H NMR titrations. Additionally quantum chemical calculations and electrochemical studies completed the studies carried out. The phenyl-thiosemicarbazone dyes show a modulation of their hydrogen-bonding and electron-donating capabilities as a function of the chemical groups attached and display two different chromo-fluorogenic responses towards anions in acetonitrile solutions. The more basic anions fluoride and cyanide are able to induce the dual coordination-deprotonation processes for all the receptors studied, whereas acetate only interacts with receptors 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9 and dihydrogen phosphate displays sensing features only with the more acidic receptors 6. Coordinative hydrogen bonding interactions is indicated by a small bathochromic shift, whilst deprotonation results in the appearance of a new band at ca. 400-450 nm corresponding to a colour change from colourless-yellow to yellow-red depending on the receptor. In the emission fluorescence, hydrogen bonding interaction is visible through the enhancement of the emission band, whereas deprotonation induced the growth of a new red-shifted emission. The chromo-fluorogenic behaviour could be explained on the basis of the deprotonation tendency of the binding sites and the proton affinity of the anions. PM3 and 1H NMR calculations are in agreement with the existence of the dual complexation-deprotonation process, whereas both studies are in discrepancy in relation to which is the proton involved in the deprotonation. Electrochemical studies carried with receptor 3 showed a quite complex redox behaviour and anodic shifts of the reduction peaks in the presence of the basic anions fluoride, cyanide and acetate.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Can Halophilic and Psychrophilic Microorganisms Modify the Freezing/Melting Curve of Cold Salty Solutions? Implications for Mars Habitability

We present the hypothesis that microorganisms can change the freezing/melting curve of cold salty solutions by protein expression, as it is known that proteins can affect the liquid-to-ice transition, an ability that could be of ecological advantage for organisms on Earth and on Mars. We tested our hypothesis by identifying a suitable candidate, the well-known psycrophile and halotolerant bacteria Rhodococcus sp. JG3, and analyzing its response in culture conditions that included specific hygroscopic salts relevant to Mars-that is, highly concentrated magnesium perchlorate solutions of 20 wt % and 50 wt % Mg(ClO4)2 at both end members of the eutectic concentration (44 wt %)-and subfreezing temperatures (263 K and 253 K). Using a combination of techniques of molecular microbiology and aqueous geochemistry, we evaluated the potential roles of proteins over- or underexpressed as important players in different mechanisms for the adaptability of life to cold environments. We recorded the changes observed by micro-differential scanning calorimetry. Unfortunately, Rhodococcus sp. JG3 did not show our hypothesized effect on the melting characteristics of cold Mg-perchlorate solutions. However, the question remains as to whether our novel hypothesis that halophilic/psychrophilic bacteria or archaea can alter the freezing/melting curve of salt solutions could be validated. The null result obtained after analyzing just one case lays the foundation to continue the search for proteins produced by microorganisms that thrive in very cold, high-saline solutions, which would involve testing different microorganisms with different salt components. The immediate implications for the habitability of Mars are discussed.With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737

Incidencia y mortalidad del cáncer cutáneo en España: revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.

The aim of this systematic review was to describe the incidence and mortality of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma in Spain.SCOPUS: re.jSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe