Synchronous or collision solid neoplasms and lymphomas: A systematic review of 308 case reports.

The presence of a lymphoma associated with a solid synchronous neoplasm or collision neoplasm has been rarely in the literature, and a detailed characterization of these cases is lacking to date. To describe the main clinicopathological features of synchronous/collision tumors. A systematic search in PubMed, Scielo, and Virtual Health Library literature databases for cases or case series of synchronous or collision lymphoma and other solid neoplasms reported up to March 2021 was performed. Three reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies. The systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Meta-Analyses guidelines. Mean age of patients was 62.9 years (52.9% men). A total of 308 cases were included (62% synchronous and 38% collision). The most frequent location of both synchronous and collision tumors was the gastrointestinal tract with the most common solid neoplasm being adenocarcinoma, and the most frequent lymphoma diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (21.7%) and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (20.4%). Of the total number of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas and gastric adenocarcinomas, the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection was documented in 47.3% of them. Only 2% of all cases had a previous history of lymphoma. Thus, in most cases (98%), lymphoma was discovery incidentally. In addition, nodal lymphoma was associated with metastasis in 29 (9.4%) cases as collision tumor, most commonly (90%) in locoregional lymph nodes of the solid neoplasm. The frequent association of some type of B-cell lymphoma and adenocarcinoma in synchronous/collision tumors of the gastrointestinal tract points to common pathogenic mechanisms in both neoplasia, particularly related to chronic inflammation in this location. In most cases, lymphoma identified in locoregional lymph nodes or distant of a carcinoma seems to represent an incidental finding during the carcinoma diagnostic/therapeutic approach. A synergy between carcinoma and lymphoma (involving inflammation and immunosuppression mechanisms) may favor tumor progression and dissemination. A better understating of the interactions lymphoma/carcinoma in the setting of synchronous/collision tumors may help to improve patient management and prognosis

Estimación de la viscosidad de escorias fayaliticas utilizando el modelo de cálculo kv y el método experimental del plano inclinado

La viscosidad de las escorias representa una de las variables más relevantes de la mayoría de los procesos metalúrgicos y cinética de las operaciones de refino, dado que es uno de los factores determinantes de la eficiencia en las reacciones entre metal y escoria, tanto como escoria-refractario. En las últimas décadas, los modelos matemáticos de diferentes procesos metalúrgicos han establecido métodos para predecir la viscosidad de mezclas de óxidos fundidos a altas temperaturas, en función de la composición química. El modelo Kv desarrollado por Toguri, basado en los datos ofrecidos por Johasen et. al. y Winterhager, ha propuesto la utilización de un índice (Kv) similar a la relación usada en la industria del acero como el índice de basicidad. Se presentan, en este trabajo, valores de la viscosidad determinados en forma experimental mediante la técnica de plano inclinad

Mean square solution of Bessel differential equation with uncertainties

[EN] This paper deals with the study of a Bessel-type differential equation where input parameters (coefficient and initial conditions) are assumed to be random variables. Using the so-called Lp-random calculus and assuming moment conditions on the random variables in the equation, a mean square convergent generalized power series solution is constructed. As a result of this convergence, the sequences of the mean and standard deviation obtained from the truncated power series solution are convergent as well. The results obtained in the random framework extend their deterministic counterpart. The theory is illustrated in two examples in which several distributions on the random inputs are assumed. Finally, we show through examples that the proposed method is computationally faster than Monte Carlo method.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad grant MTM2013-41765-P and by the European Union in the FP7-PEOPLE-2012-ITN Program under Grant Agreement No. 304617 (FP7 Marie Curie Action, Project Multi-ITN STRIKE-Novel Methods in Computational Finance) and Mexican Conacyt.Cortés, J.; Jódar Sánchez, LA.; Villafuerte, L. (2017). Mean square solution of Bessel differential equation with uncertainties. Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics. 309:383-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cam.2016.01.034S38339530

Turbulent impurity transport simulations in Wendelstein 7-X plasmas

A study of turbulent impurity transport by means of quasilinear and nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations is presented for Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X). The calculations have been carried out with the recently developed gyrokinetic code stella. Different impurity species are considered in the presence of various types of background instabilities: ITG, TEM and ETG modes for the quasilinear part of the work; ITG and TEM for the nonlinear results. While the quasilinear approach allows one to draw qualitative conclusions about the sign or relative importance of the various contributions to the flux, the nonlinear simulations quantitatively determine the size of the turbulent flux and check the extent to which the quasilinear conclusions hold. Although the bulk of the nonlinear simulations are performed at trace impurity concentration, nonlinear simulations are also carried out at realistic effective charge values, in order to know to what degree the conclusions based on the simulations performed for trace impurities can be extrapolated to realistic impurity concentrations. The presented results conclude that the turbulent radial impurity transport in W7-X is mainly dominated by ordinary diffusion, which is close to that measured during the recent W7-X experimental campaigns. It is also confirmed that thermo-diffusion adds a weak inward flux contribution and that, in the absence of impurity temperature and density gradients, ITG- and TEM-driven turbulence push the impurities inwards and outwards, respectively.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, 2 table

Costos por dolor lumbar en una EPS en Cali, Colombia

Objective: To identify the costs for treatment and disability, in workers with low back pain affiliated to an EPS. Methodology: Descriptive study carried out on a database of 402 members of an EPS in the city of Cali (Colombia), between 2008 and 2011, occupationally active and diagnosed with low back pain with sciatica, radiculopathy and non-specific low back pain. Data on costs, type of treatment and days of disability were collected. Results: 52% of the patients were men with an average age of 42 years (SD ± 12). 11% of the patients had physical therapy and 27% medical treatment. The total costs generated for the years 2008 and 2011 averaged $14.8 billion Colombian pesos per year. Conclusions: It can be seen that as the chronological year increases, both the number of people with low back pain, as well as disabilities, the number of treatments and therefore the costs for its management are also increasing.Objetivo: Identificar los costos por tratamiento e incapacidad, en trabajadores con dolor lumbar afiliados a una EPS. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo realizado sobre una base de datos de 402 afiliados a una EPS en la ciudad de Cali (Colombia), entre los años 2008 y 2011, laboralmente activos y con diagnóstico de lumbalgia con ciática, radiculopatía y lumbalgia no específica. Se recolectaron datos de costos, tipo de tratamiento y días de incapacidad. Resultados: El 52$14.800.000 millones de pesos colombianos por año. Conclusiones: Se puede evidenciar que a medida que aumenta el ano cronológico, tanto el número de personas con lumbalgia, como las incapacidades, el número de tratamientos y por lo tanto los costos para su manejo también van aumentando

TGFβ Governs the Pleiotropic Activity of NDRG1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression

In triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the pleiotropic NDRG1 (N-Myc downstream regulated gene 1) promotes progression and worse survival, yet contradictory results were documented, and the mechanisms remain unknown. Phosphorylation and localization could drive NDRG1 pleiotropy, nonetheless, their role in TNBC progression and clinical outcome was not investigated. We found enhanced p-NDRG1 (Thr346) by TGFβ1 and explored whether it drives NDRG1 pleiotropy and TNBC progression. In tissue microarrays of 81 TNBC patients, we identified that staining and localization of NDRG1 and p-NDRG1 (Thr346) are biomarkers and risk factors associated with shorter overall survival. We found that TGFβ1 leads NDRG1, downstream of GSK3β, and upstream of NF-κB, to differentially regulate migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor initiation, and maintenance of different populations of cancer stem cells (CSCs), depending on the progression stage of tumor cells, and the combination of TGFβ and GSK3β inhibitors impaired CSCs. The present study revealed the striking importance to assess both total NDRG1 and p-NDRG1 (Thr346) positiveness and subcellular localization to evaluate patient prognosis and their stratification. NDRG1 pleiotropy is driven by TGFβ to differentially promote metastasis and/or maintenance of CSCs at different stages of tumor progression, which could be abrogated by the inhibition of TGFβ and GSK3β.Instituto de Salud Carlos III European Commission PI15/00336 PI19/01533 CP14/00197 CP19/00029 PIE16/00045Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain (MICINN)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIISpanish Government RTI2018.101309B-C22Chair "Doctors Galera-Requena in cancer stem cell research" CMC-CTS963European Regional Development Fund (European Union)Ministerio de Universidades FPU19/04450Junta de Andalucia RH-0139-2020Sistema Nacional de Garantia Juvenil (Fondo Social Europeo) 8064Junta de Andalucia, Consejeria de Transformacion Economica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades DOC_01686Fundacion Cientifica Asociacion Espanola Contra el Cancer, Junta Provincial de Jaen (AECC) PRDJA19001BLA

Demersal and epibenthic communities of sedimentary habitats in the Avilés Canyon System, Cantabrian Sea (NE Atlantic)

The aim of this study was to describe the epibenthic and demersal communities of the Avilés Canyon System (ACS) in relation to the environmental variables that characterize their biotope. ACS (Cantabrian Sea, NE Atlantic) was recently included in the Natura 2000 network as a Site of Community Importance (SCI). Data of faunal biomass derived from 6 surveys carried out using beam trawl and otter trawls in 2009 and 2010 within INDEMARES and ERDEM projects. Data were divided into two groups to obtain information about the two ecological compartments: benthic and demersal. The total number of species used in this analysis ascended to 116 in the case of benthic organisms and 110 in the case of demersal. Hierarchical clustering analysis was applied to obtain groups of samples similar in terms of species composition for the two ecological components. Depth was the main discriminating factor for grouping hauls, showing high consistency of bathymetric range independently from the compartment examined. Six groups were identified by depth as follows: medium shelf (∼100–200 m), external shelf (∼150–300m), shelf break (∼300–400 m), upper-slope (∼500–700 m), upper middle-slope (∼700–1100 m), and lower-middle-slope (1200–1500 m). SIMPER analysis on biomass values was performed to determine the structure of the faunal assemblages observed for each group in both compartments. Using biomass values for the analysis allowed for the exploration of groups playing important roles in ecosystem functioning and energy fluxes taking place on the sedimentary bottom of this SCI. Finally, CCA analysis revealed that the main environmental drivers were depth, broad scale bathymetric position index (BPI), near-bottom salinity, sedimentary type, and dynamics related variables (Q50 phy and So). This study gives an inventory of the soft bottom assemblages along a very wide depth range (100–1500 m) inside a SCI, linking both epibenthic and demersal communities with the biotope preferences. This study contributes to fundamental knowledge on soft-bottom communities as a pre-requisite, necessary for the next steps in terms of management framework in the SCI

Espectro de sensibilidad a acaricidas de una colonia de la garrapata Boophilus microplus establecida en el Piedemonte Llanero.

Una colonia de la garrapata del ganado Boophilus microplus, mantenida en el laboratorio sin contacto con acaricidas durante aproximadamente 13 generaciones, fue evaluada en su espectro de sensibilidad a los ixodicidas amitraz, clorfenvinfos, coumafos, ethion, cipermetrina y deltametrina, utilizando las pruebas in vitro de inmersión de adultos y la de inmersión de larvas. Se encontraron diferencias en las respuestas acorde con el método de evaluación, siendo más certera la prueba de inmersión de teleoginas. El análisis próbit para las pruebas de inmersión de adultos demostró que la dilución del producto que produjo 99 por ciento de control sobre el parámetro eficacia reproductiva (dilución para la dosis efectiva (DE) 99) para los acaricidas amitraz, clorfenvinfos, coumafos, ethion y deltametrina, fue más alta que la recomendada por las casas productoras, demostrando así la susceptibilidad de la colonia evaluada a estos productos. Para el caso de la cipermetrina se encontró que la dilución correspondiente a la DE 99 fue más baja, sugiriendo que esta colonia presenta resistencia a este producto, pero el resultado no es estadísticamente significativo. En las pruebas de inmersión de larvas, la dilución para la DE 99 fue más baja que la recomendada por las casas farmacéuticas, en todos los productos, excepto el ethion. Teniendo en cuenta estos resultados y la falta de asociación entre los 2 tipos de pruebas (r elevado a la 2 igual a 0.004), se concluye que el tiempo de inmersión utilizado en las pruebas con larvas no fue el adecuado, creando así la necesidad de reforzar la investigación básica sobre la estandarización de estos métodos en el laboratori

Modal Series Expansions for Plane Gravitational Waves

[EN] Propagation of gravitational disturbances at the speed of light is one of the key predictions of the General Theory of Relativity. This result is now backed indirectly by the observations of the behavior of the ephemeris of binary pulsar systems. These new results have increased the interest in the mathematical theory of gravitational waves in the last decades, and severalmathematical approaches have been developed for a better understanding of the solutions. In this paper we develop a modal series expansion technique in which solutions can be built for plane waves from a seed integrable function. The convergence of these series is proven by the Raabe-Duhamel criteria, and we show that these solutions are characterized by a well-defined and finite curvature tensor and also a finite energy content.Acedo Rodríguez, L. (2016). Modal Series Expansions for Plane Gravitational Waves. Gravitation and Cosmology. 22(3):251-257. doi:10.1134/S0202289316030026S251257223A. Einstein and N. Rosen, Journal of the Franklin Institute 223, 43–54 (1937).N. Rosen, Gen. Rel. Grav. 10, 351–364 (1979).C. Sivaram, Bull. Astr. Soc. India 23, 77–83 (1995).J. M. Weisberg, D. J. Nice, and J. H. Taylor, Astroph. J. 722, 1030–1034(2010); arXiv: 1011.0718.B. P. Abbott et al. (LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 061102 (2016).J. B. Griffiths, Colliding waves in general relativity (Clarendon, Oxford, 1991).S. Chandrasekhar, The mathematical theory of black holes (Clarendon, Oxford, 1983).D. Bini, V. Ferrari and J. Ibañez, Nuovo Cim. B 103, 29–44 (1989).L. Acedo, G. González-Parra, and A. J. Arenas, Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications 11, 1819–1825 (2010).L. Acedo, G. González-Parra, and A. J. Arenas, Physica A 389, 1151–1157 (2010).G. González-Parra, L. Acedo, and A. J. Arenas, Numerical Algorithms, published online 2013. doi 10.1007/s11075-013-9776-xW. Rindler, Relativity: Special, General and Cosmological, 2nd ed. (Oxford Univ., New York, 2006).G. Arfken, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 3rd. ed. (Academic, Orlando, Florida, 1985).L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields, 3rd ed. (Pergamon, New York, 1971).O. Costin, “Topological construction of transseries and introduction to generalized Borel summability,” in Analyzable Functions and Applications, Ed. by O. Costin, M. D. Kruskal, and A. Macintyre, Contemp. Math. 373 (Providence, RI, USA: Am. Math. Soc., 2005); arXiv: math/0608309.S. R. Coleman, Phys. Lett. B 70, 59–60 (1977).W. B. Campbell and T. A. Morgan, Phys. Lett. B 84, 87–88 (1979).A. S. Rabinowitch, Int. J. Adv. Math. Sciences 1 (3), 109–121 (2013).A. Feinstein and J. Ibañez, Phys. Rev. D 39 (2), 470–473 (1989)

Size and dimensionality effects in superconducting Mo thin films

Molybdenum is a low Tc, type I superconductor whose fundamental properties are poorly known. Its importance as an essential constituent of new high performance radiation detectors, the so-called transition edge sensors (TESs) calls for better characterization of this superconductor, especially in thin film form. Here we report on a study of the basic superconducting features of Mo thin films as a function of their thickness. The resistivity is found to rise and the critical temperature decreases on decreasing film thickness, as expected. More relevant, the critical fields along and perpendicular to the film plane are markedly different, thickness dependent and much larger than the thermodynamic critical field of Mo bulk. These results are consistent with a picture of type II 2D superconducting films, and allow estimates of the fundamental superconducting lengths of Mo. The role of morphology in determining the 2D and type II character of the otherwise type I molybdenum is discussed. The possible consequences of this behaviour on the performance of radiation detectors are also addresse