Evaluación de un planteo intensivo de recría y engorde a corral de novillos Limousin y Angus

El objetivo del ensayo fue comparar la respuesta productiva y las características de la res resultantes de un ciclo de recría y terminación a corral de animales de raza continental respecto de animales de raza británica.EEA General VillegasFil: Elizalde, J. Actividad privada; ArgentinaFil: Riffel, Sebastián L. Actividad privada; ArgentinaFil: Castrillon, L. Martínez Arenaza e hijos S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Ceconi, Irene. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria General Villegas; Argentin

Produção de barra de cereais com casca de pinhão.

A casca de pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia) apresenta uma vasta quantidade de compostos bioativos, com destaque para os compostos fenólicos com reconhecidas atividades antioxidantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi produzir barras de cereais com adição deste resíduo (casca), resultante do consumo da amêndoa do pinhão para a dieta humana. Na formulação das barras de cereais, a casca de pinhão cozida, seca e moída para produção de partículas com granulometria de 100 mesh foi adicionada nas proporções 1%, 2% e 5% em base seca. Na primeira etapa, a aveia e as amêndoas foram tostadas em forno pré-aquecido a 180 °C por 15 min. A seguir, açúcar mascavo, gelatina, glucose, chia, linhaça, casca de pinhão e o óleo de coco foram aquecidos a 80 °C. Na terceira etapa, aveia, amêndoas, quinoa e uva passa foram misturadas a mistura da segunda etapa. Após homogeneização, a massa foi transferida para uma assadeira forrada com papel encerado e compactada para criar estrutura típica de barra de cereais. A preparação foi refrigerada a 10 °C por 60 min e, posteriormente, cortada em barras de 20 g. As barras apresentaram características visuais distintas, com tonalidade marrom claro para a amostra com 1% e tom mais escuro para a amostra com 5% de casca de pinhão, sendo que a análise sensorial das amostras apontou preferência para a barra de cereal com 1% de casca de pinhão, acentuando sabor agradável e característico ao produto.Resumo

Araucaria angustifolia and the pinhão seed: Starch, bioactive compounds and functional activity - a bibliometric review.

A Araucaria angustifolia caracteriza as Florestas Ombrófilas mistas. Este pinheiro do Paraná tem tido grande importância econômica, cultural e social para o Sul do Brasil. Seu corte está restrito, pois está ameaçada de extinção e o uso de sua semente tem sido incentivado. Este estudo destaca as pesquisas científicas sobre esta conífera por análise bibliométrica e revisa as tendências de novas pesquisas sobre sua semente e algumas de suas aplicações alimentícias. A base de dados Web of Science© revelou 620 artigos científicos e a análise bibliométrica por meio do VOSviewer demonstrou o interesse mundial em ascendência. O aumento das pesquisas nas áreas de silvicultura, fitociência e ecologia refletem à preocupação com a preservação das Matas das Araucárias. Concomitantemente, pesquisas em ciência e tecnologia de alimentos têm aumentado, pois a semente de pinhão pode produzir uma farinha alimentar rica em amido com baixa resposta glicêmica e fonte de fibra dietética e de alguns minerais. Ainda, junto com sua casca, disponibilizar compostos bioativos com potencial de aplicação nas indústrias de alimento especial, de embalagem ativa/inteligente e reforçada e, até mesmo, farmacológica

Desalination and Reuse of High-Salinity Shale Gas Produced Water: Drivers, Technologies, and Future Directions

In the rapidly developing shale gas industry, managing produced water is a major challenge for maintaining the profitability of shale gas extraction while protecting public health and the environment. We review the current state of practice for produced water management across the United States and discuss the interrelated regulatory, infrastructure, and economic drivers for produced water reuse. Within this framework, we examine the Marcellus shale play, a region in the eastern United States where produced water is currently reused without desalination. In the Marcellus region, and in other shale plays worldwide with similar constraints, contraction of current reuse opportunities within the shale gas industry and growing restrictions on produced water disposal will provide strong incentives for produced water desalination for reuse outside the industry. The most challenging scenarios for the selection of desalination for reuse over other management strategies will be those involving high-salinity produced water, which must be desalinated with thermal separation processes. We explore desalination technologies for treatment of high-salinity shale gas produced water, and we critically review mechanical vapor compression (MVC), membrane distillation (MD), and forward osmosis (FO) as the technologies best suited for desalination of high-salinity produced water for reuse outside the shale gas industry. The advantages and challenges of applying MVC, MD, and FO technologies to produced water desalination are discussed, and directions for future research and development are identified. We find that desalination for reuse of produced water is technically feasible and can be economically relevant. However, because produced water management is primarily an economic decision, expanding desalination for reuse is dependent on process and material improvements to reduce capital and operating costs

Association of aromatase and estrogen receptor gene polymorphisms with hip fractures

Producción CientíficaSummary Two polymorphisms of the aromatase and estrogen receptor genes appeared to interact to influence the risk of hip fractures in women. Introduction Allelic variants of the aromatase gene have been associated with bone mineral density and vertebral fractures. Our objective was to analyze the relationship between two polymorphisms of the aromatase and estrogen receptor genes and hip fracture

Genetic divergence in biomass sorghum genotypes through agronomic and physicalchemical characters.

The present research aimed to evaluate the genetic divergence in 34 sorghum biomass genotypes via agronomic and physicochemical characters. The design used was randomized blocks with three replications. The agronomic and physical-chemical characteristics evaluated were: days for flowering, number of stems, plant height, number of leaves, green mass production, dry mass production, determination of total ash, determination of volatile content, insoluble lignin and determination of fixed carbon content. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and then, to estimate divergence,the generalized Mahalanobisdistance was used as a measure of dissimilarity. Based on this matrix, the methods of Tocher's optimization clusters and the Hierarchical method of Average Grouping Between Groups (UPGMA) were used, and analysis of canonical variables, and the projection based on the first two canonical variables arranged in two-dimensional space. Singh criterion was also used to quantify the relative contribution of these characteristics to genetic divergence. The evaluated genotypes showed significant differences for all the evaluated characteristics. The combination between the 201429B001 and 201429B028 (394.98) genotype pairs was the most divergent and the combination between the 201429B015 and 201429B031 (6.31) genotypes was the most similar. The grouping generated by the Tocher Optimization method, hierarchical UPGMA and graphical dispersion showed similarity in the grouping of genotypes. The first two canonical variables were sufficient to explain about 81.78% of the total variation observed. Theresults showed a wide genetic diversity among the 34 genotypes of sorghum biomass

Bridging Time Scales in Cellular Decision Making with a Stochastic Bistable Switch

Cellular transformations which involve a significant phenotypical change of the cell's state use bistable biochemical switches as underlying decision systems. In this work, we aim at linking cellular decisions taking place on a time scale of years to decades with the biochemical dynamics in signal transduction and gene regulation, occuring on a time scale of minutes to hours. We show that a stochastic bistable switch forms a viable biochemical mechanism to implement decision processes on long time scales. As a case study, the mechanism is applied to model the initiation of follicle growth in mammalian ovaries, where the physiological time scale of follicle pool depletion is on the order of the organism's lifespan. We construct a simple mathematical model for this process based on experimental evidence for the involved genetic mechanisms. Despite the underlying stochasticity, the proposed mechanism turns out to yield reliable behavior in large populations of cells subject to the considered decision process. Our model explains how the physiological time constant may emerge from the intrinsic stochasticity of the underlying gene regulatory network. Apart from ovarian follicles, the proposed mechanism may also be of relevance for other physiological systems where cells take binary decisions over a long time scale.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

PARP inhibitor efficacy depends on CD8+ T cell recruitment via intratumoral STING pathway activation in BRCA-deficient models of triple-negative breast cancer.

Combinatorial clinical trials of PARP inhibitors with immunotherapies are ongoing, yet the immunomodulatory effects of PARP inhibition have been incompletely studied. Here, we sought to dissect the mechanisms underlying PARP inhibitor-induced changes in the tumor microenvironment of BRCA1-deficient triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We demonstrate that the PARP inhibitor olaparib induces CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation in vivo, and that CD8+ T cell depletion severely compromises anti-tumor efficacy. Olaparib-induced T cell recruitment is mediated through activation of the cGAS/STING pathway in tumor cells with paracrine activation of dendritic cells and is more pronounced in HR-deficient compared to HR-proficient TNBC cells and in vivo models. CRISPR-knockout of STING in cancer cells prevents proinflammatory signaling and is sufficient to abolish olaparib-induced T cell infiltration in vivo. These findings elucidate an additional mechanism of action of PARP inhibitors and provide rationale for combining PARP inhibition with immunotherapies for the treatment of TNBC