12,057 research outputs found
Non-Hermitian robust edge states in one-dimension: Anomalous localization and eigenspace condensation at exceptional points
Capital to topological insulators, the bulk-boundary correspondence ties a
topological invariant computed from the bulk (extended) states with those at
the boundary, which are hence robust to disorder. Here we put forward an
ordering unique to non-Hermitian lattices, whereby a pristine system becomes
devoid of extended states, a property which turns out to be robust to disorder.
This is enabled by a peculiar type of non-Hermitian degeneracy where a
macroscopic fraction of the states coalesce at a single point with geometrical
multiplicity of , that we call a phenomenal point.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Hadron resonances generated from the dynamics of the lightest scalar ones
We have studied the interactions of the scalar resonances f_0(980) and
a_0(980) with the vector resonance \phi(1020) and with the lightest
pseudoscalars \pi, K, \eta and \eta'. We first obtain the interaction kernels
without including any new free parameter. Afterwards, the interaction kernels
are unitarized and the final S-wave amplitudes result. We find that these
interactions are very rich and generate a large amount of pseudoscalar
resonances including the K(1460), \pi(1300), \pi(1800), \eta(1475) and X(1835)
resonances. The f_0(980)\phi(1020) self-interactions give rise to the
\phi(2170) resonance. For realistic choices of the parameters we also obtain an
isovector companion in the same mass region from the a_0(980) \phi(1020)
interactions.Comment: 4 pafes, 4 figures. Invited talk at QCD 10 (25th anniversary), 15th
International QCD Conference, 28th June - 3rd July 2010 Montpellier (France).
To be published in Nucl. Phys. B (Proc. Suppl.
A Comparative Analysis of Weizmannia coagulans Genomes Unravels the Genetic Potential for Biotechnological Applications
The production of biochemicals requires the use of microbial strains with efficient substrate conversion and excellent environmental robustness, such as Weizmannia coagulans species. So far, the genomes of 47 strains have been sequenced. Herein, we report a comparative genomic analysis of nine strains on the full repertoire of Carbohydrate-Active enZymes (CAZymes), secretion systems, and resistance mechanisms to environmental challenges. Moreover, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) immune system along with CRISPR-associated (Cas) genes, was also analyzed. Overall, this study expands our understanding of the strain’s genomic diversity of W. coagulans to fully exploit its potential in biotechnological applications
Topological states of non-Hermitian systems
Recently, the search for topological states of matter has turned to
non-Hermitian systems, which exhibit a rich variety of unique properties
without Hermitian counterparts. Lattices modeled through non-Hermitian
Hamiltonians appear in the context of photonic systems, where one needs to
account for gain and loss, circuits of resonators, and also when modeling the
lifetime due to interactions in condensed matter systems. Here we provide a
brief overview of this rapidly growing subject, the search for topological
states and a bulk-boundary correspondence in non-Hermitian systems.Comment: Invited short review for the special issue "Topological States of
Matter: Theory and Applications
Involvement of intact inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive Ca2+ stores in cell cycle progression at the G1/S boundary in serum-stimulated human fibroblasts
AbstractThapsigargin, a selective inhibitor of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump, has been shown to deplete inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive Ca2+ stores. Here we report that when thapsigargin was introduced to serum-stimulated human fibroblasts at a time point just before the G1/S boundary, it completely inhibited expression of cyclin A, activation of p33CDK2 cyclindependent kinase and initiation of DNA synthesis. In contrast, the Ca2+ mobilizing ionophore ionomycin was without effect. These findings indicate that Ca2+ inside the inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphatesensitive Ca2+ stores plays a pivotal role for traverse across the G1/S transition point
Linear polarization Yb<sup>3+</sup>-doped fiber laser with novel innerclad structures
Results on high radiance Yb3+-doped fiber lasers with novel double innerclad structures (double-D clad and four hole) and polarized output at ≈1090 nm are presented. We have demonstrated >40% of the total output power being polarized, making the fiber laser suitable for LIDAR and second-harmonic generation (SHG) applications. It also showed a 10-nm tuning range with low (less than 10 mW) average power variations. The narrow linewidth source was pumped with a low cost, low brightness laser diode, and exhibited a relatively low slope efficiency, which gives room for improvement by using a 976-nm pump source where Yb3+ has a narrower linewidth and at least five times higher absorption
Expression of a barley cystatin gene in maize enhances resistance against phytophagous mites by altering their cysteine-proteases
Phytocystatins are inhibitors of cysteine-proteases from plants putatively involved in plant defence based on their capability of inhibit heterologous enzymes. We have previously characterised the whole cystatin gene family members from barley (HvCPI-1 to HvCPI-13). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of barley cystatins on two phytophagous spider mites, Tetranychus urticae and Brevipalpus chilensis. The determination of proteolytic activity profile in both mite species showed the presence of the cysteine-proteases, putative targets of cystatins, among other enzymatic activities. All barley cystatins, except HvCPI-1 and HvCPI-7, inhibited in vitro mite cathepsin L- and/or cathepsin B-like activities, HvCPI-6 being the strongest inhibitor for both mite species. Transgenic maize plants expressing HvCPI-6 protein were generated and the functional integrity of the cystatin transgene was confirmed by in vitro inhibitory effect observed against T. urticae and B. chilensis protein extracts. Feeding experiments impaired on transgenic lines performed with T. urticae impaired mite development and reproductive performance. Besides, a significant reduction of cathepsin L-like and/or cathepsin B-like activities was observed when the spider mite fed on maize plants expressing HvCPI-6 cystatin. These findings reveal the potential of barley cystatins as acaricide proteins to protect plants against two important mite pests
Prevalence and trends of thinness, overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 3-18 years across Europe: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Introduction Increasing prevalence of both thinness and excess weight during childhood and adolescence is a significant public health issue because of short-term health consequences and long-term tracking of weight status. Monitoring weight status in Europe may serve to identify countries and regions where rates of these disorders are either slowing down or increasing to evaluate recent policies aimed at appropriate body weight, and to direct future interventions. This study protocol provides a standardised and transparent methodology to improve estimating trends of thinness, overweight and obesity in children aged 3-18 years and adolescents across the European region between 2000 and 2017. Methods and analysis This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. To identify relevant studies, a search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Web of Science databases. From the selected studies, relevant references will be screened as supplemental sources. Finally, open search in websites from health institutions will be conducted to identify weight status data not published in scientific journals. Cross-sectional, follow-up studies and panel surveys reporting weight status (objectively measured height and weight) according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria, and written in English or Spanish will be included. Subgroup analyses will be carried out by gender, age, study year and country or European region. Discussion This study will provide a comprehensive description of weight status of children and adolescents across Europe from 2000 to 2017. The results will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. This study will use data exclusively from published research or institutional literature, so institutional ethical approval is not required
WIYN Imaging of the Globular Cluster Systems of the Spiral Galaxies NGC891 and NGC4013
We present results from a WIYN 3.5m telescope imaging study of the globular
cluster (GC) systems of the edge-on spiral galaxies NGC891 and NGC4013. We used
the 10' x 10' Minimosaic Imager to observe the galaxies in BVR filters to
projected radii of ~20 kpc from the galaxy centers. We combined the WIYN data
with archival and published data from WFPC2 and ACS on the Hubble Space
Telescope to assess the contamination level of the WIYN GC candidate sample and
to follow the GC systems further in toward the galaxies' centers. We
constructed radial distributions for the GC systems using both the WIYN and HST
data. The GC systems of NGC891 and NGC4013 extend to 9+/-3 kpc and 14+/-5 kpc,
respectively, before falling off to undetectable levels in our images. We use
the radial distributions to calculate global values for the total number (N_GC)
and specific frequencies (S_N and T) of GCs. NGC4013 has N_GC = 140+/-20, S_N =
1.0+/-0.2 and T = 1.9+/-0.5; our N_GC value is ~40% smaller than a previous
determination from the literature. The HST data were especially useful for
NGC891, because the GC system is concentrated toward the plane of the galaxy
and was only weakly detected in our WIYN images. Although NGC891 is thought to
resemble the Milky Way in its overall properties, it has only half as many GCs,
with N_GC = 70+/-20, S_N = 0.3+/-0.1 and T = 0.6+/-0.3. We also calculate the
galaxy-mass-normalized number of blue (metal-poor) GCs in NGC891 and NGC4013
and find that they fall along a general trend of increasing specific frequency
of blue GCs with increasing galaxy mass. Given currently available resources,
the optimal method for studying the global properties of extragalactic GC
systems is to combine HST data with wide-field, ground-based imaging with good
resolution. The results here demonstrate the advantage gained by using both
methods when possible.Comment: 43 pages, 11 figures 6 tables; accepted to The Astronomical Journal.
Online AJ version at http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/140/2/430
Quantum gravity corrections to the Schwarzschild mass
Vacuum spherically symmetric Einstein gravity in dimensions can be
cast in a two-dimensional conformal nonlinear sigma model form by first
integrating on the -dimensional (hyper)sphere and then performing a
canonical transformation. The conformal sigma model is described by two fields
which are related to the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass and to the radius of the
-dimensional (hyper)sphere, respectively. By quantizing perturbatively
the theory we estimate the quantum corrections to the ADM mass of a black hole.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX2e, uses epsfig package, accepted for
publication in Phys. Rev.
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