Estudio de pre factibilidad para la implementación de una planta de beneficio animal en la Provincia de Vélez (Santander)

Trabajo de síntesis aplicadaEstudio de prefactibilidad para la implementación de una planta de beneficio animal para sacrificio de ganado bovino en la Provincia de Vélez, Santander, donde se realizó el estudio de Mercados para la posterior realización de los estudios Técnico, Administrativo, Económico, Financiero y Social. Este estudio considera criterios de legalidad y legitimidad que demanda el Estado en aspectos ambientales y de sanidad; aspectos técnicos, operativos, de infraestructura, y financieros, se abordan para impulsar un proyecto que cumpla con las condiciones propicias e impacte positiva y socialmente la región. En el desarrollo de la investigación se analizan alternativas de solución buscando la de mayor beneficio para la comunidad, la región y los recursos estatales. El proyecto está encaminado en el ámbito del desarrollo sostenible, contribuyendo ahondar la problemática y conflictos sociales allí presentados, buscando alternativas de desarrollo a mediano o largo plazo del sector pecuario, recalcando en la tecnología a utilizar, mano de obra y por supuesto los costos de producción u operación que permitan la viabilidad del proyecto.1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. OBJETIVOS 3. JUSTIFICACIÓN Y ALCANCE 4. MARCO TEÓRICO 5. ESTUDIO DE MERCADO 6. ESTUDIO TÉCNICO 7. ESTUDIO FINANCIERO 8. EVALUACIÓN SOCIAL 9. CONCLUSIONESEspecializaciónEspecialista en Formulación y Evaluación Social y Económica de Proyecto

Worldwide scientific production on teleworking in Scopus in times of COVID-19

Given the impact of COVID-19, teleworking has become an alternative work modality, so it is important to evaluate the scientific activity on the subject. Thus, the objective was to analyze the global scientific production on teleworking in times of COVID-19. Retrospective and descriptive study, whose unit of analysis was the publications on teleworking in journals indexed in the Scopus database between January 2020 and December 2021. The search was performed using the fields Article Title, Abstracts, Keywords, where 24 search terms were applied: teleworking, telecommuting, work from home, teleworking, telecommuting, work from home, online work, e-work, telecommuting, teletrabajo, trabado desde casa, trabajo online, e-trabajo, trabajo a distancia, teletrabalho, trabalho a partir de casa, trabalho em linha, trabalho electrónico, trabalho à distancia, and their relation with the term Covid-19. Likewise, 995 articles were found and 75.38% of them were original manuscripts. United States is the country with the largest scientific production with 21.21%. The Università degli Studi di Torino of Italy has published 10 papers and 80% of the articles on teleworking in times of COVID-19 have been published in quartile 1 and 2 journals. Teleworking in times of COVID-19 has been studied in several countries around the world as well as in different academic disciplines, which allows us to know progress on the subject, thereby generating policies and lines of research for the prevention of occupational hazards.Campus Arequip

Regulation of TSHR expression in the thyroid and thymus may contribute to TSHR tolerance failure in graves’ disease patients via two distinct mechanisms

Graves’ disease; TSHR; ToleranceMalaltia de Graves; TSHR; TolerànciaEnfermedad de Graves; TSHR; ToleranciaGraves' disease (GD) involves the presence of agonistic auto-antibodies against the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), which are responsible for the clinical symptoms. While failure of TSHR tolerance is central to GD pathogenesis, the process leading to this failure remains poorly understood. Two mechanisms intimately linked to tolerance have been proposed to explain the association of SNPs located in TSHR intron 1 to GD: (1) differential alternative splicing in the thyroid; and (2) modulation of expression in the thymus. To elucidate the relative contribution to these two mechanisms to GD pathogenesis, we analyzed the level of full-length and ST4 and ST5 isoform expression in the thyroid (n = 49) and thymus (n = 39) glands, and the influence of intron 1-associated SNPs on such expression. The results show that: (1) the level of flTSHR and ST4 expression in the thymus was unexpectedly high (20% that of the thyroid); (2) while flTSHR is the predominant isoform, the levels are similar to ST4 (ratio flTSHR/ST4 = 1.34 in the thyroid and ratio flTSHR/ST4 in the thymus = 1.93); (3) next-generation sequencing confirmed the effect of the TSHR intron 1 polymorphism on TSHR expression in the thymus with a bias of 1.5 ± 0.2 overexpression of the protective allele in the thymus compared to the thyroid; (4) GD-associated intron 1 SNPs did not influence TSHR alternative splicing of ST4 and ST5 in the thyroid and thymus; and (5) three-color confocal imaging showed that TSHR is associated with both thymocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the thymus. Our findings confirm the effect of intron 1 polymorphisms on thymic TSHR expression and we present evidence against an effect on the relative expression of isoforms. The high level of ST4 expression in the thymus and its distribution within the tissue suggest that this would most likely be the isoform that induces central tolerance to TSHR thus omitting most of the hinge and transmembrane portion. The lack of central tolerance to a large portion of TSHR may explain the relatively high frequency of autoimmunity related to TSHR and its clinical consequence, GD.This study was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, grants PI14/00848, and PI17/00324, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). DÁ-S is in recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)

Frailty level prediction in older age using hand grip strength functions over time

This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review and is subject to Springer Nature’s AM terms of use, but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85099-9_29.Frailty syndrome can be defined as a clinical state in which there is a rise in individual vulnerability, developing an increase in both the dependence of the person and mortality. Frailty is completely related to age. A fundamental factor to apply rehabilitative interventions successfully resides in having a simple and reliable method capable of identifying frailty syndrome. Frailty indexes (FI) have several sources of uncertainty trough the opinion of the patients, white coat effect and external factors. Moreover, in the clinical practice, the experience of the geriatricians led them to determine an approximation of the frailty level only with a simple handshake. Hand grip strength (HGS) has been widely used in tests by investigators and therapists to be able to diagnose sarcopenia and frailty, as it is a reliable indicator of the overall muscle strength, which decreases with age. Most researches focused mainly on peak HGS, which will not give insight on how the patient’s strength was distributed over time. In the present work it is proposed to evaluate HGS behavior over a period of time, and to develop a system based on Machine Learning for the identification of frailty levels using physiological features, FI and the classical signal processing based on statistics of the HGS signals. The starting hypothesis is that it can be identified the “way” of performing HGS correlated with the level of frailty. To achieve this goal a clinical study was designed and carried out with a cohort of 70 elderly persons, in two Hospitals.This work was partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades under project RTI2018-096701-B-C22, and by the Catalonia FEDER program, resolution GAH/815/2018 under the project, PECT Garraf : Envelliment actiu i saludable i dependència.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Impulsos desde abajo para las transiciones energéticas justas: género, territorio y soberanía

En el discurso hegemónico sobre transición energética predomina una comprensión tecno-económica, que la reduce a un cambio tecnológico en la generación de energía por fuentes renovables y limpias, y priorizando la construcción de megaproyectos en energía solar, eólica o hidroeléctrica, sin abandonar la explotación de combustibles fósiles. En el marco de un proceso de investigación participativa y diálogo de saberes con cuatro comunidades rurales y étnicas en regiones carboníferas de los departamentos de La Guajira, Cesar y Boyacá, esta obra profundiza en sus demandas desde tres perspectivas interrelacionadas: género, territorio y soberanía comunitaria. A partir de estos ejes de discusión, se identifican diversos impulsos desde las bases para construir transiciones energéticas más allá de los combustibles fósiles en Colombia. Un libro clave para entender el papel de las comunidades ancestrales en los procesos de transición energética del país

Perfil metabólico de estudiantes de medicina antes y después de turno en los hospitales Roosevelt, San Juan de Dios, Regional de Cuilapa, Regional de Escuintla y Nacional de Antigua

Las largas jornadas laborales a las que se someten los médicos en el contextohospitalario, ejercen un efecto negativo sobre su estado físico y emocional, abarcandohasta 16 a 24 h al día y hasta 32 a 36 h continuas sin descanso. A nivel de pruebas de laboratorio y signos clínicos, se han descrito alteraciones en los niveles de glicemia,catecolaminas, cortisol, frecuencia cardiaca, entre otros. El objetivo fue comparar el perfilmetabólico en los estudiantes externos e internos de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, antes y después del turno hospitalario. Esteestudio apareado, se realizó en los hospitales Roosevelt, San Juan, Regional de Cuilapa,Regional de Escuintla y Nacional de Antigua, evaluándose la glicemia, el perfil lipídico yel cortisol; signos vitales y estilos de vida antes y después de turno en 80 estudiantes. Seobservó variación significativa en los valores de cortisol (p = .023), glicemia (p = .002) ytriglicéridos (p = .050) antes y después del turno. Se concluyó que después del turno elestudiante experimentó aumento en los valores de cortisol y disminución en los nivelesde glicemia y triglicéridos; estos cambios no se asociaron al grado académico, a sexo ni aservicio hospitalario, pero sí al hospital

Cov-caldas: A new COVID-19 chest X-Ray dataset from state of Caldas-Colombia

The emergence of COVID-19 as a global pandemic forced researchers worldwide in various disciplines to investigate and propose efficient strategies and/or technologies to prevent COVID-19 from further spreading. One of the main challenges to be overcome is the fast and efficient detection of COVID-19 using deep learning approaches and medical images such as Chest Computed Tomography (CT) and Chest X-ray images. In order to contribute to this challenge, a new dataset was collected in collaboration with “S.E.S Hospital Universitario de Caldas” (https://hospitaldecaldas.com/) from Colombia and organized following the Medical Imaging Data Structure (MIDS) format. The dataset contains 7,307 chest X-ray images divided into 3,077 and 4,230 COVID-19 positive and negative images. Images were subjected to a selection and anonymization process to allow the scientific community to use them freely. Finally, different convolutional neural networks were used to perform technical validation. This dataset contributes to the scientific community by tackling significant limitations regarding data quality and availability for the detection of COVID-19. © 2022, The Author(s)

Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial to assess safety of teleconsultation compared with face-to-face consultation: the ECASeT study

BackgroundThe use of remote consultation modalities has exponentially grown in the past few years, particularly since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although a huge body of the literature has described the use of phone (tele) and video consultations, very few of the studies correspond to randomized controlled trials, and none of them has assessed the safety of these consultation modalities as the primary objective. The primary objective of this trial was to assess the safety of remote consultations (both video and teleconsultation) in the follow-up of patients in the hospital setting.MethodsMulticenter, randomized controlled trial being conducted in four centers of an administrative healthcare area in Catalonia (North-East Spain). Participants will be screened from all individuals, irrespective of age and sex, who require follow-up in outpatient consultations of any of the departments involved in the study. Eligibility criteria have been established based on the local guidelines for screening patients for remote consultation. Participants will be randomly allocated into one of the two study arms: conventional face-to-face consultation (control) and remote consultation, either teleconsultation or video consultation (intervention). Routine follow-up visits will be scheduled at a frequency determined by the physician based on the diagnostic and therapy of the baseline disease (the one triggering enrollment). The primary outcome will be the number of adverse reactions and complications related to the baseline disease. Secondary outcomes will include non-scheduled visits and hospitalizations, as well as usability features of remote consultations. All data will either be recorded in an electronic clinical report form or retrieved from local electronic health records. Based on the complications and adverse reaction rates reported in the literature, we established a target sample size of 1068 participants per arm. Recruitment started in May 2022 and is expected to end in May 2024.DiscussionThe scarcity of precedents on the assessment of remote consultation modalities using randomized controlled designs challenges making design decisions, including recruitment, selection criteria, and outcome definition, which are discussed in the manuscript.Trial registrationNCT05094180. The items of the WHO checklist for trial registration are available in Additional file 1. Registered on 24 November 2021

Respiratory viruses detected in Mexican children younger than 5 years old with community-acquired pneumonia: a national multicenter study

Background: Acute respiratory infections are the leading cause of mortality in children worldwide, especially in developing countries. Pneumonia accounts for 16% of all deaths of children under 5 years of age and was the cause of death of 935 000 children in 2015. Despite its frequency and severity, information regarding its etiology is limited. The aim of this study was to identify respiratory viruses associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children younger than 5 years old. Methods: One thousand four hundred and four children younger than 5 years of age with a clinical and/or radiological diagnosis of CAP in 11 hospitals in Mexico were included. Nasal washes were collected, placed in viral medium, and frozen at �70 C until processing. The first 832 samples were processed using the multiplex Bio-Plex/Luminex system and the remaining 572 samples using the Anyplex multiplex RT-PCR. Clinical data regarding diagnosis, clinical signs and symptoms, radiographic pattern, and risk factors were obtained and recorded. Results: Of the samples tested, 81.6% were positive for viruses. Respiratory syncytial virus (types A and B) was found in 23.7%, human enterovirus/rhinovirus in 16.6%, metapneumovirus in 5.7%, parainfluenza virus (types 1–4) in 5.5%, influenza virus (types A and B) in 3.6%, adenovirus in 2.2%, coronavirus (NL63, OC43, 229E, and HKU1) in 2.2%, and bocavirus in 0.4%. Co-infection with two or more viruses was present in 22.1%; 18.4% of the samples were negative. Using biomass for cooking, daycare attendance, absence of breastfeeding, and co-infections were found to be statistically significant risk factors for the presence of severe pneumonia. Conclusions: Respiratory syncytial virus (types A and B), human enterovirus/rhinovirus, and metapneumovirus were the respiratory viruses identified most frequently in children younger than 5 years old with CAP. Co-infection was present in an important proportion of the children