El Museo Municipal de El Puerto o las tribulaciones de un museo local

La conmemoración del centésimo quincuagésimo aniversario de la creación del Museo Arqueológico Nacional, institución a la que felicitamos por su perdurabilidad y buen hacer, nos ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar sobre la trayectoria del modesto Museo Municipal de El Puerto de Santa María, caso que pone de manifiesto la debilidad de la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico mueble en Andalucía

Centro Comunitario para la Atención de Seguimiento a Pacientes en Terapia Sustitutiva de la Función Renal–Diálisis Peritoneal Continua Ambulatoria. Municipio de Chichigalpa, Departamento de Chinandega, Nicaragua. Período 2020-2024

Se estima que 850 millones de personas en el mundo padecen enfermedad renal por diversas causas. La enfermedad renal crónica afecta a cerca del 10% de la población mundial y provoca al menos 2.4 millones de muertes al año. Mientras que la enfermedad renal aguda, un importante impulsor de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) afecta a más de 13 millones de personas a nivel mundial. La insuficiencia renal crónica es considerada una epidemia por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, 2015). La ERC se estratifica en 5 estadios de acuerdo a la tasa de filtrado glomerular (TFG) del paciente, siguiendo la clasificación de las guías Kidney Diseases: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), siendo el estadio 5 o definitivo el que representa la mayor carga para los sistemas de salud, pues implica la necesidad de terapia de reemplazo renal (TRR) mediante alguna técnica dialítica –diálisis peritoneal (DP) o hemodiálisis (HD)– o mediante trasplante renal. Los tratamientos crónicos imponen una alta carga económica aun a los países con mejores índices de desarrollo

El entorno de la Bahía de Cádiz a fines de la Edad del Bronce e inicios de la Edad del Hierro

Se presenta una propuesta de ocupación poblacional para la Prehistoria Reciente en la Campiña Litoral Gaditana, así como las vías de comunicación entre la Bahía de Cádiz, el Castillo de Doña Blanca y las Mesas de Asta, atravesando la denominada en las fuentes clásicas como isla Cartare. Se evidencian una serie de hallazgos que confirman esta área como vía de penetración terrestre entre la bahía y el Lago Ligustino, mostrándonos interacciones comerciales de primera magnitud. Esta propuesta se encuentra basada en la amplia presencia en la zona de grandes poblados. La antigüedad y calidad de los restos arqueológicos que se han recuperado, se enmarcan en un intenso comercio que culmina con la fundación de Gadir. Serán estas circunstancias los factores que transformarán de manera significativa espacios medioambientales hoy irrecuperables

Not All Lies Are Equal. A Study Into the Engineering of Political Misinformation in the 2016 US Presidential Election

We investigated whether and how political misinformation is engineered using a dataset of four months worth of tweets related to the 2016 presidential election in the United States. The data contained tweets that achieved a signi cant level of exposure and was manually labelled into misinformation and regular information. We found that misinformation was produced by accounts that exhibit different characteristics and behaviour from regular accounts. Moreover, the content of misinformation is more novel, polarised and appears to change through coordination. Our ndings suggest that engineering of political misinformation seems to exploit human traits such as reciprocity and con rmation bias. We argue that investigating how misinformation is created is essential to understand human biases, diffusion and ultimately better produce public policy.The work of M. Molina-Solana was supported by the European Commission under Grant 743623. The work of J. Amador Díaz López was supported by the Imperial College Research Fellowship. The work of J. Gómez-Romero was supported by the Universidad de Granada under Grant P9-2014-ING and in part by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport under the José Castillejo Research Stays Programme

Benefit of tolvaptan in the management of hyponatraemia in patients with diuretic‐refractory congestive heart failure: the SEMI‐SEC project

Aims: Hyponatraemia is an electrolyte disorder that occurs in advanced congestive heart failure (HF) and worsens prognosis. We explored the usefulness of tolvaptan, which has shown promising results in the treatment of this condition. Methods and results: This study is based on a retrospective national registry (2011-15) of patients hospitalized with refractory HF and hyponatraemia who agreed to receive tolvaptan when standard treatment was ineffective. The benefit of tolvaptan was analysed according to the following criteria: normalization ([Na+] >= 135mmol/L) or increased sodium levels [Na+] >= 4mEq/L on completion of treatment, and increase in urine output by 300 or 500mL at 48h. Factors associated with tolvaptan benefit were explored. A total of 241 patients were included, 53.9% of whom had ejection fraction = 4mEq/L and/or +300mL in urine output (54.4% both). Conclusions: An increase in sodium levels and/or improvement in urine output was observed in patients admitted for HF and refractory hyponatraemia under tolvaptan treatment. Tolvaptan may be useful in this setting, in which no effective proven alternatives are available

COVID-19 in hospitalized HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients: A matched study

Objectives: We compared the characteristics and clinical outcomes of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 with [people with HIV (PWH)] and without (non-PWH) HIV co-infection in Spain during the first wave of the pandemic. Methods: This was a retrospective matched cohort study. People with HIV were identified by reviewing clinical records and laboratory registries of 10 922 patients in active-follow-up within the Spanish HIV Research Network (CoRIS) up to 30 June 2020. Each hospitalized PWH was matched with five non-PWH of the same age and sex randomly selected from COVID-19@Spain, a multicentre cohort of 4035 patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. The main outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: Forty-five PWH with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were identified in CoRIS, 21 of whom were hospitalized. A total of 105 age/sex-matched controls were selected from the COVID-19@Spain cohort. The median age in both groups was 53 (Q1-Q3, 46-56) years, and 90.5% were men. In PWH, 19.1% were injecting drug users, 95.2% were on antiretroviral therapy, 94.4% had HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL, and the median (Q1-Q3) CD4 count was 595 (349-798) cells/μL. No statistically significant differences were found between PWH and non-PWH in number of comorbidities, presenting signs and symptoms, laboratory parameters, radiology findings and severity scores on admission. Corticosteroids were administered to 33.3% and 27.4% of PWH and non-PWH, respectively (P = 0.580). Deaths during admission were documented in two (9.5%) PWH and 12 (11.4%) non-PWH (P = 0.800). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that well-controlled HIV infection does not modify the clinical presentation or worsen clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalization.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCII) (grant no. COV20/00108) and the Spanish AIDS Research Network (RD16/0025), which is included in the Spanish I+D+I Plan and is co- funded by ISCIII- Subdirección General de Evaluación and European Funding for Regional Development (FEDER)S

Seguimiento de calidad de las asignaturas de tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática

En esta memoria se describe el proyecto llevado a cabo para mejorar el seguimiento y la calidad de la docencia de las asignaturas del tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática. En concreto, en este proyecto, nos centramos en los mecanismos de evaluación y en su distribución a lo largo del curso, así como en los conceptos fundamentales que se asocian a las diferentes asignaturas que se imparten en tercer curso del Grado en Ingeniería Informática. Se realizaron diversas reuniones entre los coordinadores de las distintas asignaturas para poner en común problemas relacionados con la planificación de las asignaturas así como dudas sobre las actividades de evaluación. Las reuniones permitieron intercambiar diferentes planteamientos con los que se habían abordado la evaluación de las asignaturas participantes en la red y que posibilitaron resolver problemas comunes. De igual forma se plantearon cuestiones abiertas sobre la planificación y la evaluación de las asignaturas que se dirigieron desde la red a la coordinación de la titulación en la Escuela Politécnica Superior. Finalmente, también se discutieron diferentes propuestas junto con las redes de otros cursos de la titulación para abordarlas en futuras redes

Differences in ex-vivo Chemosensitivity to Anthracyclines in First Line Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Induction schedules in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are based on combinations of cytarabine and anthracyclines. The choice of the anthracycline employed has been widely studied in multiple clinical trials showing similar complete remission rates. Using an ex vivo test we have analyzed if a subset of AML patients may respond differently to cytarabine combined with idarubicin, daunorubicin or mitoxantrone. Bone marrow (BM) samples of 198 AML patients were incubated for 48 hours in 96 well plates, each well containing different drugs or drug combinations at different concentrations. Ex vivo drug sensitivity analysis was made using the PharmaFlow platform maintaining the BM microenvironment. Drug response was evaluated as depletion of AML blast cells in each well after incubation. Annexin V-FITC was used to quantify the ability of the drugs to induce apoptosis, and pharmacological responses were calculated using pharmacokinetic population models. Similar dose-respond graphs were generated for the three anthracyclines, with a slight decrease in EC with idarubicin (p=1.462E-06), whereas the interpatient variability of either drug was large. To identify those cases of selective sensitivity to anthracyclines, potency was compared, in terms of area under the curve. Differences in anthracycline monotherapy potency greater than 30% from 3 pairwise comparisons were identified in 28.3% of samples. Furthermore, different sensitivity was detected in 8.2% of patients comparing combinations of cytarabine and anthracyclines. A third of the patients could benefit from the use of this test in the first line induction therapy selection, although it should be confirmed in a clinical trial specifically designed