STUDY OF STRUCTURAL AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES ZN1-XCRXO (X= 0.00 & 0.02) THIN FILMS DEPOSITED BY SPRAY PYROLYSIS ROUTE

Objective: The High quality with low economical cost thin films has become a global need. Zn1-xCrxO (x= 0.00 & 0.02) thin film has been deposited on glass substrate by simple chemical spray pyrolysis route. Materials and Methods:The structural and optical properties Zn1-xCrxO (x= 0.00 & 0.02) film were studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and UV-Visible spectra. The structural parameters such as lattice constant (a & c), strain and dislocation density was also calculated by analyzing xray diffraction pattern Results:The entire x-ray diffraction peaks confirm that the Zn1-xCrxO films have polycrystalline nature with hexagonal (wurtzite) crystal structure. The mean crystalline size was determined by Debye-Scherrer formula. The crystallite size was found to be 32nm and 22nm for x=0.00 and x=0.02 respectively. The transmittance spectra reveal that all the films have high transmittance (higher than 80%) in the range of visible and near to the infrared wavelength region. There was decreasing band gap with Cr (x=0.02) doping concentration. Conclusion: Structural and optical properties reveal that films are of good quality that are suitable for several applications

Superhydrophobic PVC/SiO2 Coating for Self-Cleaning Application

A lotus leaf like self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating has high demand in industrial applications. Such coatings are prepared by alternative dip and spray deposition techniques. A layer of polyvinyl chloride is applied on glass substrate by dip coating and then spray coated a suspension of hydrophobic silica nanoparticles at substrate temperature of 50 °C. This coating procedure is repeated for three times to achieve rough surface morphology which exhibits a water contact angle of 169 ± 2° and sliding angle of 6°. The superhydrophobic state of the coating is still preserved when water volume of 1.2 L is used to impact the water drops on coating surface. The stability of the wetting state of the coating is analyzed against the water jet, adhesive tape and sandpaper abrasion tests. The prepared superhydrophobic coating strongly repelled the muddy water suggesting its importance in self-cleaning applications.This work was financially supported by DST?INSPIRE Faculty Scheme, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India. [DST/INSPIRE/04/2015/000281]. SSL acknowledges financial assistance from the Henan University, Kaifeng, P. R. China. The authors greatly appreciate the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21950410531).Scopu

Oil-Water Separation by ZnO-Based Superhydrophobic PU Sponges

Continuous oil–water separation is not only an important topic for scientific research but also for practical applications to clean oil from industrial oily wastewater and oil-spill pollution. In this work, polyurethane sponges are coated by ZnO using dip coating technique. ZnO-coated sponges are modified by stearic acid to achieve superhydrophobicity. The ZnO-coated sponges exhibit water contact angle ≈165° and oil contact angle ≈0°. The prepared superhydrophobic sponge is sustained in oil–water separation and in separation of oil–hot water mixture. Also the wetting properties of the sponge are stable in mechanical test like cutting and twisting. Stearic acid modified ZnO-coated sponge holds good promise for oil-spill cleanup as well as oil/water separation from harsh environments.This work was financially supported by DST?INSPIRE Faculty Scheme, Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India. [DST/INSPIRE/04/2015/000281]. SSL acknowledges financial assistance from the Henan University, Kaifeng, P. R. China. The authors greatly appreciate the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21950410531).Scopu

Дослідження концентрації газу NO2 на реакцію тонких плівок CdO, отриманих за новим методом зворотного флюсу

У цьому дослідженні, використовуючи простий і недорогий новий метод зворотного холодильника, тонкі плівки оксиду кадмію (CdO) були успішно нанесені на скляну підкладку. Тут для нанесення CdO на скляну підкладку як джерело іонів Cd+ використовувався хлорид кадмію (CdCl2), а як комплексоутворювач – аміак. Структурний аналіз і морфологію поверхні підготовленої тонкої плівки CdO аналізували за допомогою рентгенівської дифракції та скануючої електронної мікроскопії відповідно. Також тест на змочуваність проводили за допомогою гоніометра, який показав гідрофільну природу осадженої тонкої плівки CdO. Оптичні властивості тонкої плівки CdO було завершено за допомогою УФ-видимої спектроскопії, яка виявила, що осаджена тонка плівка CdO має пряму ширину забороненої зони близько 2,01 еВ. Властивості чутливості газу NO2, такі як чутливість, відновлення відгуку та час відгуку підготовленого датчика CdO, було визначено за допомогою датчика газу Keithley. У цій роботі було вивчено вплив концентрації газу NO2 на відгук датчика CdO, і було з’ясовано, що зі збільшенням концентрації газу NO2 (25 ppm – 100 ppm), відгук датчика CdO також збільшується і стає максимальним, тобто (57 %) для 100 ppm NO2 з оптимізованою температурою 200 ˚C. Було вивчено зміну реакції та часу відновлення залежно від концентрації газу NO2 і було зроблено висновок, що зі збільшенням концентрації газу NO2 час відгуку збільшується, а час відновлення зменшується.In present study, using simple and inexpensive novel reflux method, Cadmium Oxide (CdO) thin films were successfully deposited on glass substrate. Here to deposit CdO on glass substrate, Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2) was used as a source of Cd+ ions, while ammonia was taken as complexing agent. Structural analysis and surface morphology of prepared CdO thin film was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy respectively, Also wettability test was done by using goniometer which showed hydrophilic nature of deposited CdO thin film. Optical properties of CdO thin film was completed by using UV-Visible spectroscopy which revealed that deposited CdO thin film has direct band gap about 2.01 eV. NO2 gas sensing properties like sensitivity, response recovery & response time of prepared CdO sensor was determined by using Keithley gas sensing unit. In present work effect of concentration of NO2 gas on response of CdO sensor was studied and it was cleared that as NO2 gas concentration increases (25 ppm – 100 ppm), the response of CdO sensor was also increases & it becomes maximum i.e. (57 %) for 100 ppm of NO2 with optimized temperature of 200˚C. Variation of response and recovery time with NO2 gas concentration was studied and it was concluded that as concentration of NO2 gas increases, response time increases while recovery time decreases

G × E interactions in QTL introgression lines of Spanish-type groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Multi-environment testing at five locations for rust and late leaf spot (LLS) resistance with 41 introgressed lines (ILs) bred using marker-assisted backcross breeding in the genetic background Spanish-type groundnut varieties identified significant genotype, and genotype × environment interactions (GEI) for LLS disease resistance and yield parameters. Significant GEI effects suggest the need to identify location specific breeding lines to achieve gains in pod yield and LLS resistance. The observed variable LLS disease reaction among the ILs in part suggests influence of background genotype on the level of resistance. A breeding scheme with early generation selection using molecular markers followed by phenotyping for LLS, and multi-location testing of fixed breeding lines was optimized to enhance selection intensity and accuracy in groundnut breeding. The ILs, ICGVs 14431, 14436 and 14438 with pooled LLS score at 90 DAS of 3.5–3.7 were superior to respective recurrent parent for pod yield, with early maturing similar to recurrent parents. The pod yield advantage in ILs is attributed by more number of pods, besides resistance to LLS that contributes to better filling