To Study the Role Played by Green House Gasses on Climatic Change and its Further Effect on Agriculture

Rising fossil fuel burning and land use changes have emitted and are continuing to emit increasing quantities of greenhouse gases into the Earth s atmosphere These greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide CO2 methane CH4 and nitrogen dioxide N2O and a rise in these gases has caused a rise in the amount of heat from the sun withheld in the Earth s atmosphere heat that would normally be radiated back into space This increase in heat has led to the greenhouse effect resulting in climate change Climate change will have wide-ranging effects on the environment and on socio-economic and related sectors including water resources agriculture and food security human health terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity and coastal zones Changes in rainfall pattern are likely to lead to severe water shortages and or flooding Melting of glaciers can cause flooding and soil erosion Rising temperatures will cause shifts in crop growing seasons which affects food security and changes in the distribution of disease vectors putting more people at risk from diseases such as malaria and dengue fever Temperature increases will potentially severely increase rates of extinction for many habitats and species up to 30 per cent with a 2 C rise in temperatur

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with bilateral subdural hemorrhage: Is conservative management adequate?

The aim of this study is to report a case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension complicated by bilateral subdural hemorrhage that resolved with conservative management. A young male presented with severe orthostatic headache associated with dizziness, neck pain and diplopia. Brain imaging revealed characteristic pachymeningeal enhancement and bilateral subdural hemorrhage. Radionuclide cisternography confirmed the Cerebrospinal fluid leak at the cervical 5 and cervical 6 vertebral level. He had clinical and radiological resolution with bed rest, hydration and analgesics and has remained symptom free since then. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension may be complicated by bilateral subdural hemorrhage. A conservative treatment approach is a viable option, as it may help improve the clinical and radiological outcome, especially when interventional facilities are not available

Involvement of Selenium in Protective Mechanisms of Plants under Environmental Stress Conditions – Review

In recent years there has been growing interest in selenium (Se) as an important micronutrient not only for animals and humans but also for plants. In particular, its protective effect in plants exposed to stress conditions has been suggested. In spite of many studies, the mechanism of Se action is not fully understood. In this review, possible ways of interaction of Se with stress factors leading to optimal growth and development of plants are presented. As the majority of experiments have focused on the effects of Se application under stress conditions induced by heavy metals, special attention is paid to the results obtained in such studies. Changes of physiological and biochemical properties of plant cells, with particular regard to the influence of Se on the activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under this stress, are summarized. Experiments in which Se was used in some other environmental stresses (drought, UV, cold and high temperature) are also cited. On the basis of the presented literature it is suggested that a positive effect of Se depends on both its doses and on chosen plant genotypes and is mainly connected with activation of antioxidative defense in plant cells