Electroweak boson production at small transverse momentum in hadron collisions

The resummation of double-logarithmic perturbative contributions produced by soft- gluon radiation (Sudakov resummation) has proved to be an important tool for enlarging the applications of perturbative QCD to a wider range of kinematical regions. In particular, a complete description of W and Z boson production at high-energy hadron colliders requires the resummation of large double logarithms that dominate the transverse momentum (p(_r)) distribution at small p(_r). This can be performed either directly in transverse momentum space or in impact parameter (Fourier transform) b space. The b space method succeeds in resumming all the leading and sub-leading logarithmic terms, but does not allow a smooth transition to fixed-order dominance at high transverse momenta. In contrast, the pr space approach experiences difficulties with resumming more sub-leading logarithms. This thesis concentrates on developing the p(_r) space formalism which completely resums the first four towers of logarithms. The number of fully resummed towers is the same as for the b space method. The results are compared, both analytically and numerically, with the original b space result as well as with results of other p(_r) space methods. Parametrization of the non-perturbative effects in p(_r) space is discussed. Given recent Tevatron data on Z boson production we find good agreement between the data and the theoretical predictions. Using the same formalism, the transverse momentum distributions are also calculated for W and Z boson production at the LHC. Finally, we discuss production of like-sign W pair production in the context of double parton scattering at the LHC

Soft-gluon resummation for squark and gluino hadroproduction

We consider the resummation of soft gluon emission for squark and gluino hadroproduction at next-to-leading-logarithmic (NLL) accuracy in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We present analytical results for squark-squark and squark-gluino production and provide numerical predictions for all squark and gluino pair-production processes at the Tevatron and at the LHC. The size of the soft-gluon corrections and the reduction in the scale uncertainty are most significant for processes involving gluino production. At the LHC, where the sensitivity to squark and gluino masses ranges up to 3 TeV, the corrections due to NLL resummation over and above the NLO predictions can be as high as 35% in the case of gluino-pair production, whereas at the Tevatron, the NLL corrections are close to 40% for squark-gluino final states with sparticle masses around 500 GeV.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figure

Does participatory budgeting belong to democracy or bureaucracy? Case Study of Bialystok (Poland)

The paper presents the grounds for the wider project “Participatory budgeting - success or crisis of local democracy? Comparative legal study, aiming to explore what factors (dependent and independent from the policy makers) make from BP the instrument strengthening the local democracy and what are the barriers to fully exploit its potential. To this aim, we propose the theoretical model of the PB strengthening the local democracy. To test its validity, using the case of one of the Polish cities (Bialystok), we use the mix research method: the desk research, the qualitative and quantitative surveys and the qualitative interviews. The preliminary results have shown that PB do not imply the success of the democracy, but rather only its failure and the illusion of the citizens’ participation.Urszula K. Zawadzka-Pąk - Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, PolandDominik Kościuk - Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, PolandJustyna E. Kulikowska-Kulesza - Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, PolandEwa Lotko - Faculty of Law, University of Bialystok, PolandAnna Brékine - University of Geneva, SwitzerlandAllegretti G., Paying Attention To The Participants’ Perceptions in Order to Trigger A Virtuous Circle, in: Hope For Democracy - 25 Years of Participatory Bugeting, Nelson Dias (org) 2014.Arnstein, S., A Ladder of Citizen Participation, “Journal of the American Planning Association” 1969, vol. 35.Damgaard B., Lewis J.M., Accountability and Citizen Participation, in: M. Bovens (ed.), Oxford Handbook of Public Accountability, Oxford 2014.De Tocqueville A., Democracy in America, Liberty Fund 2010.Huberts L., The Integrity of Governance, What it is, What We Know, What is Done, and Where to Go, Palgrave Macmillan 2014.Jensen M.C., Meckling W.H., Theory of the Firm: Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure, “Journal of Financial Economics” 1976, no. 4.Kennedy B., Unraveling Representative Bureaucracy: A Systematic. Analysis of the Literature, “Administration & Society” 2014, vol. 46 (4).Kingsly D.J., Representative Bureaucracy: An Interpretation of the British Civil Service, Yellow Springs, OH: Antioch Press 1944.Krislov S., Representative Bureaucracy, Ouid Pro Books, New Orleans, Louisiana 1974.Mosher F.C., Democracy and the Public Service, Oxford University Press, New York 1968.Murray C., The Tendrils of Community, in: D. Boaz (ed.), The Libertarian Reader, New York 1998.Senge P., The Fifth Discipline. The Art & Practice of the Learning Organization, Currency Doubleday, New York 1990.Wampler B., When Does Participatory Democracy Deepen the Quality of Democracy, “Comparative Politcs” 2008, no. 41 (1).36-428364

Summary: Working Group on QCD and Strong Interactions

In this summary of the considerations of the QCD working group at Snowmass 2001, the roles of quantum chromodynamics in the Standard Model and in the search for new physics are reviewed, with empahsis on frontier areas in the field. We discuss the importance of, and prospects for, precision QCD in perturbative and lattice calculations. We describe new ideas in the analysis of parton distribution functions and jet structure, and review progress in small-$x$ and in polarization.Comment: Snowmass 2001. Revtex4, 34 pages, 4 figures, revised to include additional references on jets and lattice QC

Squark and gluino hadroproduction

We review the theoretical status of squark and gluino hadroproduction and provide numerical predictions for all squark and gluino pair-production processes at the Tevatron and at the LHC, with a particular emphasis on proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV. Our predictions include next-to-leading order supersymmetric QCD corrections and the resummation of soft gluon emission at next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. We discuss the impact of the higher-order corrections on total cross sections, and provide an estimate of the theoretical uncertainty due to scale variation and the parton distribution functions.Comment: 30 pages, 17 figures, invited review article for Int. J. Mod. Phys.

NNLL resummation for squark-antisquark pair production at the LHC

We consider the resummation of soft gluon emission for squark-antisquark pair-production at the LHC at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We present the analytical ingredients needed for the calculation and provide numerical predictions for the LHC at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 14 TeV. We find a significant reduction in the scale uncertainty and a considerable increase in the prediction of the total cross section. Compared to the next-to-leading order prediction, the corrections increase the cross section by up to 30% for 1.5 TeV squarks at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figure