Project approach to the development of rural tourism

The authors of the article provide an overview of scientific approaches to the definition of the essence and role of event and gastronomic tourism against the backdrop of the rural tourism promotion currently carried out. The interrelation between all the aforementioned types of tourism and the expediency of their joint development are substantiated. The necessity of holding events in order to smooth out the seasonality of rural tourism and attract tourists interested not only in standard services of rural guest houses but also in entertainment events is proved. Special emphasis is placed on the application of the project approach to the process of creating events. A description of the festivals held in the Vologda region is provided. The main problems of the implementation of project management at the municipal level are identified. The possibility of holding gastronomic festivals within the clusters operating in the region is considered. The example of the «SyrFest» gastronomic festival is used to demonstrate a possible project structure designed for such event

Herschel/PACS Imaging of Protostars in the HH 1-2 Outflow Complex

We present 70 and 160 micron Herschel science demonstration images of a field in the Orion A molecular cloud that contains the prototypical Herbig-Haro objects HH 1 and 2, obtained with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS). These observations demonstrate Herschel's unprecedented ability to study the rich population of protostars in the Orion molecular clouds at the wavelengths where they emit most of their luminosity. The four protostars previously identified by Spitzer 3.6-40 micron imaging and spectroscopy are detected in the 70 micron band, and three are clearly detected at 160 microns. We measure photometry of the protostars in the PACS bands and assemble their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from 1 to 870 microns with these data, Spitzer spectra and photometry, 2MASS data, and APEX sub-mm data. The SEDs are fit to models generated with radiative transfer codes. From these fits we can constrain the fundamental properties of the protostars. We find luminosities in the range 12-84 L_sun and envelope densities spanning over two orders of magnitude. This implies that the four protostars have a wide range of envelope infall rates and evolutionary states: two have dense, infalling envelopes, while the other two have only residual envelopes. We also show the highly irregular and filamentary structure of the cold dust and gas surrounding the protostars as traced at 160 microns.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the A&A Herschel special issu

Прогнозирование степени перегрузки правых камер сердца у пациентов с острой массивной тромбоэмболией легочной артерии на основании результатов КТ-диагностики

The study group included 147 patients at the stage of preparation for emergency surgical treatment of acute massive PE in the period from March 2012 to December 2019 inclusive. As CT indicators of overload of the right chambers of the heart, the usual CT indicators that do not require the use of expert – class computed tomographs were taken – they were the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, unpaired vein; reflux of the contrast drug into the inferior vena cava; reflux of the contrast drug into the hepatic veins. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of the average pressure in the pulmonary artery with the above CT indicators was performed. The most stable statistical relationship with the indicators of mean pressure in the pulmonary artery was demonstrated by CT parameters – the diameter of the unpaired vein and the reflux of the contrast agent into the hepatic veins. Based on the results of the work, a method for calculating the actual values of the average pressure in the pulmonary artery based on the CT parameter of the diameter of the unpaired vein is proposed.В группу исследования вошло 147 пациентов на этапе подготовки к экстренному хирургическому лечению острой массивной тромбоэмболии легочной артерии (ТЭЛА) в период с марта 2012 г. по декабрь 2019 г. включительно. В качестве КТ-показателей перегрузки правых камер сердца взяты обычные КТ-показатели, не требующие использования компьютерных томографов экспертного класса, ими стали верхняя полая вена, нижняя полая вена, непарная вена; рефлюкс контрастного препарата в нижнюю полую вену; рефлюкс контрастного препарата в печеночные вены. В ходе исследования проведен сравнительный анализ среднего давления в легочной артерии с вышеуказанными КТ-показателями. Наиболее устойчивую статистическую взаимосвязь с показателями среднего давления в легочной артерии продемонстрировали КТ-параметры – диаметр непарной вены и рефлюкс контрастного препарата в печеночные вены. По результатам работы предложена методика расчета фактических значений среднего давления в легочной артерии на основании КТ-параметра “диаметр непарной вены”

Changing National Health Values of Russian Youth Aged 13-17: Motivation for Engagement in Physical Culture and Sports in Regions

The article is devoted to the study of the attitudes of contemporary Russian youth to a healthy lifestyle, healthcare in general, and physical culture and sports. As a result of a qualitative sociological study, the main trends and perspectives in the perception of a healthy lifestyle, physical culture, and sports in Russian regions are discovered and defined. The study specifies the motivational aspects of young Russians' attitudes to a healthy lifestyle, healthcare, physical culture, and sports. The specific features of the development of regional physical culture and sports in Russia, as well as the characteristics of the perception of physical culture and sports by various groups of Russian youth in the regions of the country, are identified. The attitudes to social stereotypes concerning a healthy lifestyle and sports in the minds of Russian citizens are discovered. The practical significance of the study results: The conclusions of the project can be used for the development of youth policy, as well as the development of new programs for the optimization of young people's lifestyle and the development of physical culture and sports in Russia. The study results can be utilized for the innovation of courses on the sociology of health and disease, sociology of physical culture and sports, and sociology of medicine. © 2021 Sociedade Portguesa de Estomatologia e Medicina Dentaria. All rights reserved

An ammonia spectral map of the L1495-B218 filaments in the Taurus molecular cloud. I. Physical properties of filaments and dense cores

We present deep NH3 observations of the L1495-B218 filaments in the Taurus molecular cloud covering over a 3° angular range using the K-band focal plane array on the 100 m Green Bank Telescope. The L1495-B218 filaments form an interconnected, nearby, large complex extending over 8 pc. We observed NH3 (1, 1) and (2, 2) with a spectral resolution of 0.038 km s−1 and a spatial resolution of 31''. Most of the ammonia peaks coincide with intensity peaks in dust continuum maps at 350 and 500 μm. We deduced physical properties by fitting a model to the observed spectra. We find gas kinetic temperatures of 8–15 K, velocity dispersions of 0.05–0.25 km s−1, and NH3 column densities of 5 × 1012 to 1 × 1014 cm−2. The CSAR algorithm, which is a hybrid of seeded-watershed and binary dendrogram algorithms, identifies a total of 55 NH3 structures, including 39 leaves and 16 branches. The masses of the NH3 sources range from 0.05 to 9.5 ${{M}_{\odot }}$. The masses of NH3 leaves are mostly smaller than their corresponding virial mass estimated from their internal and gravitational energies, which suggests that these leaves are gravitationally unbound structures. Nine out of 39 NH3 leaves are gravitationally bound, and seven out of nine gravitationally bound NH3 leaves are associated with star formation. We also found that 12 out of 30 gravitationally unbound leaves are pressure confined. Our data suggest that a dense core may form as a pressure-confined structure, evolve to a gravitationally bound core, and undergo collapse to form a protostar

ОЦЕНКА РИСКА ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ ВО ВРЕМЯ ВВОДНОЙ АНЕСТЕЗИИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С МАССИВНЫМИ ОПУХОЛЯМИ СРЕДОСТЕНИЯ

Anesthetic management of surgery in patients with large mediastinal mass remains a topical issue of thoracic anesthesiology, since such patients often develop superior mediastinal compression (SMC) which results in a high risk of hemodynamic and respiratory disorders during induction. The degree of compression does not always depend on the mass size, and the prediction of SMC progression during induction becomes a challenge.The method to evaluate the degree of mediastinal compression through the functional orthoclinostatic test was developed – the patient is to be placed in Fowler position for 45 degrees in order to follow changes in the cardiac index.It was found out that the patients with SMC detected during the test (increased cardiac index in Fowler position) had their arterial blood pressure reduced after induction, and the number of critical incidents was statistically significantly higher. The test proved to be a non-invasive and safe method of pre-operative prediction of the risk of SMC development and progression during induction.Анестезиологическое обеспечение оперативных вмешательств у пациентов с массивными опухолями средостения остается актуальной проблемой торакальной анестезиологии, поскольку у больных данной категории заболевание часто осложняется синдромом медиастинальной компрессии (СМК), что приводит к высокому риску гемодинамических и дыхательных нарушений во время вводной анестезии. Степень компрессии не всегда зависит от размеров опухоли, поэтому прогнозирование усугубления СМК во время вводной анестезии остается сложной задачей.Разработали способ оценки степени компрессии средостения методом функциональной ортоклиностатической пробы ‒ перевод пациента в положение Фовлера с наклоном в 45% с определением динамики сердечного индекса.Полученные результаты показали, что у больных с выявленным во время пробы СМК (увеличение сердечного индекса в положении Фовлера) в большей степени происходило снижение артериального давления после вводной анестезии, также было статистически значимо выше количество критических инцидентов. Проба показала себя как неинвазивный и безопасный метод предоперационного прогнозирования риска развития и прогрессирования СМК во время вводной анестезии

The NIKA2 large-field-of-view millimetre continuum camera for the 30 m IRAM telescope

Context. Millimetre-wave continuum astronomy is today an indispensable tool for both general astrophysics studies (e.g. star formation, nearby galaxies) and cosmology (e.g. cosmic microwave background and high-redshift galaxies). General purpose, large-field-of-view instruments are needed to map the sky at intermediate angular scales not accessible by the high-resolution interferometers (e.g. ALMA in Chile, NOEMA in the French Alps) and by the coarse angular resolution space-borne or ground-based surveys (e.g. Planck, ACT, SPT). These instruments have to be installed at the focal plane of the largest single-dish telescopes, which are placed at high altitude on selected dry observing sites. In this context, we have constructed and deployed a three-thousand-pixel dual-band (150 GHz and 260 GHz, respectively 2 mm and 1.15 mm wavelengths) camera to image an instantaneous circular field-of-view of 6.5 arcmin in diameter, and configurable to map the linear polarisation at 260 GHz. Aims. First, we are providing a detailed description of this instrument, named NIKA2 (New IRAM KID Arrays 2), in particular focussing on the cryogenics, optics, focal plane arrays based on Kinetic Inductance Detectors, and the readout electronics. The focal planes and part of the optics are cooled down to the nominal 150 mK operating temperature by means of an adhoc dilution refrigerator. Secondly, we are presenting the performance measured on the sky during the commissioning runs that took place between October 2015 and April 2017 at the 30-m IRAM telescope at Pico Veleta, near Granada (Spain). Methods. We have targeted a number of astronomical sources. Starting from beam-maps on primary and secondary calibrators we have then gone to extended sources and faint objects. Both internal (electronic) and on-the-sky calibrations are applied. The general methods are described in the present paper. Results. NIKA2 has been successfully deployed and commissioned, performing in-line with expectations. In particular, NIKA2 exhibits full width at half maximum angular resolutions of around 11 and 17.5 arcsec at respectively 260 and 150 GHz. The noise equivalent flux densities are, at these two respective frequencies, 33±2 and 8±1 mJy s1/2. A first successful science verification run was achieved in April 2017. The instrument is currently offered to the astronomy community and will remain available for at least the following ten years