87 research outputs found
Greenhouse gas measurement capability at the Carbon Related Atmospheric Measurement (CRAM) Laboratory at the University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
Π£ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ’ΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ
This article considers the capital turnover assessment. On the basis of the analysis of a current assets turnover the author gives recommendations, which allow to define if the enterprise is well-provided for current assets and if it is financially stable.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ², ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠΌ
INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS OF UNIVERSITY TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Purpose of the study: Conditions of qualificationsβ dynamic development, rapid obsolescence of existing competencies actualize the need to create a system of continuous professional growth of teachers on staff training. The purpose of the article is to develop organizational mechanisms that contribute to the professional growth of the teacher inflexible response conditions of education to socio-economic changes.
Methodology: The research methodology relies on the lifelong education concept, defining the design principles of a teacher professional growth system: consistency, continuity, self-development, participative nature, pedagogical reflexing
Results: The system of the teacherβs professional growth in the educational institution possessing properties of hierarchy, flexibility, and dynamism is developed. The principles and organizational mechanisms for this systemβs implementation are revealed: corporatism as a way to create targeted educational platform based on digital technology; tutoring as the insurance of the teacherβs and the educational organizationβs interests through the accompany of career advancement; branding as a result of the teacherβs and the educational organizationβs competitiveness in the market of educational services; road maps for planning, monitoring and support of the teacherβs career development.
Applications of this study: The article is intended for teachers, managers, employees of personnel services of educational organizations.
Novelty/Originality of this study: For the first time the self - learning system of the teacher professional growth is offered which is capable to exist and productively function in modern dynamic conditions at the expense of adaptive organizational mechanisms of reaction to social and economic changes
The willingness of teachers to use modern educational technologies in educational process
Among the most significant trends in the development of vocational education, introduction and use of educational technologies can be distinguished. Since the main goal of higher schools is to prepare a competent competitive specialist, they search for the most suitable methods that contribute to rapid achievement of results. The use of technologies by educational institutions is explained by their advantage over other methods of developing professional competence. Due to implementation of a certain algorithm of actions, they allow you to achieve guaranteed results in a timely manner.
The purpose of the article is to form future teachers ' the level of competency development, reflecting studentsβ willingness to adapt, adjust and use educational technologies in professional teaching activities. To do this, we checked the level of motivation of future teachers, the level of knowledge of the theoretical foundations of educational technologies, their design and implementation in professional and pedagogical activities, and the level of formation of the ability to reflect. The development of competencies reflecting the studentβs readiness to adapt, adjust and use educational technologies in professional pedagogical activity was carried out in a certain logical sequence, so that the student possessed versatile knowledge about educational technologies, was capable of their systematic creative application and his reflective activity was associated with self-actualization and striving for the implementation of constructive professional activities.
The development process was carried out in the course of students solving research and design problems. Research activity was carried out by students in the study of the course βPedagogical technologiesβ, fundamental for future teachers of vocational training. The implementation of the projects was carried out during the development of the course "Project Activities of a Professional Education Teacher"
MODERN DIRECTIONS FOR PREVENTION OF DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCE OF TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEFORMATION
Purpose: The purpose of the article is to substantiate the modern directions to overcome the influence of the professional deformation of General education teachers.
Methodology: The article describes the results of experimental work in the framework of the project aimed at the study of modern approaches to assessing the quality of education and its relationship with the overall educational results. Example of the training course module for teachersβ additional professional education, the purpose of which is the development of modern directions to prevent professional deformation.
Result: The possibilities for supporting the positive psycho-emotional state of the teacher, teaching the practices to overcome subjectivity in making evaluation decisions - the interiorization of the teacher deontological code are revealed.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Modern Directions for Prevention of Destructive Influence of Teacher Professional Deformation is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner
Effect of post-growth anneals in oxygen-containing atmosphere on the microhardness of single crystal calcium molybdate CaMoO4
Single crystal calcium molybdate CaMoO4 is a well-known material. However the interest to CaMoO4 has recently grown due to a number of its important applications including as a working material in cryogenic scintillation bolometers. CaMoO4 single crystals acquire blue color during growth due to the presence of color-center type defect centers which are unacceptable for optical applications. Color can be eliminated through annealing in an oxygen containing atmosphere, following which required optical components can be produced from the single crystals by mechanical treatment (cutting, polishing etc.). Therefore assessment of the mechanical properties of these single crystal materials is an important task for the optimal solution of issues occurring in the fabrication of optical components and their further practical application. There are but scarce data on the mechanical properties of CaMoO4, and the available ones have been reported without allowance for anisotropy. There is a significant scatter of data on the Mohs hardness of the single crystals, ranging from 3.3 to 6 in different publications. In this work we present data on calcium molybdate single crystals in the initial state and after high-temperature anneals of different durations in an oxygen containing atmosphere. We show that long-term annealing leads to decolorization of the crystals. Calcium molybdate single crystals prove to be quite brittle: the brittleness index Zp of the crystals in the initial state is the highest and equals 5, while annealing reduces the brittleness index to 4. The Palmqvist toughness factors S have been calculated The limit indentation destruction loads Flim have been determined and annealing in an oxygen containing atmosphere has been shown to increase Flim by 2.5 times for the Z cut and by 10 times for the X cut. The microhardness of the crystals has been shown to exhibit a II type anisotropy: the microhardness of all the specimens was higher for the Z cut than for the X cut. The microhardness anisotropy coefficients KH of the specimens have been evaluated. The bond ionicity degree I has been calculated on the basis of the experimentally measured microhardness
ΠΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠ° Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ
The authors highlight the matters of legislation improving in the field of library science: clarify standards and requirements of the printed materials acquisition of the Russian Federationβs constituent territory and municipal entities, determinate their types and the number of copies for the delivery in different levels of the national collection. Analyze the challenge of the legal deposit collection development perspectives for the digital network resources. Consider some proposals to amend the Federal Law βOn Legal DepositβΠΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π²Β ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°: ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌ ΠΈΒ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΒ ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ
Β Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΒ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π²Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ
. ΠΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΒ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²Β Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Β«ΠΠ±Β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΊΠ·Π΅ΠΌΠΏΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ²Β»
Review of effective methods of teaching a foreign language to university students in the framework of online distance learning: international experience
The research goal is to analyze the existing and most frequently used methods and competency-based approaches to distance learning of a foreign language. The tasks are formulated to achieve the goal. They involve classifying the methods of foreign language teaching based on the competency approach and identifying the effective methods. The methodological basis of this research includes methods of analyzing the practical experience of foreign language teaching based on a competency-based approach, synthesis of national and international experience, comparison of national models of the language environment, and generalization of sociological data. As a result of the conducted research, it has been revealed that among various methods, approaches related to information and communication technologies [ICT] are utilized most often. We believe that when teachers conduct courses using synchronous computer-mediated communication [SCMC] tools or platforms, students should be given opportunities to express their opinions. Most teachers recognize the creation of instructional videos as the most effective. According to the students, this type of activity also has the greatest learning effect and stimulates creativity. The scientific novelty of the research is the study of foreign language teaching methods based on a competency-based approach within the framework of online distance learning and the relationship of all interested parties, in other words, teachers, students, and educational institutions
Seasonal, synoptic, and diurnal-scale variability of biogeochemical trace gases and O2 from a 300-m tall tower in central Siberia
We present first results from 19 months of semicontinuous concentration measurements of biogeochemical trace gases (CO2, CO, and CH4) and O2, measured at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in the boreal forest of central Siberia. We estimated CO2 and O2 seasonal cycle amplitudes of 26.6 ppm and 134 per meg, respectively. An observed west-east gradient of about -7 ppm (in July 2006) between Shetland Islands, Scotland, and ZOTTO reflects summertime continental uptake of CO2 and is consistent with regional modeling studies. We found the oceanic component of the O2 seasonal amplitude (Atmospheric Potential Oxygen, or APO) to be 51 per meg, significantly smaller than the 95 per meg observed at Shetlands, illustrating a strong attenuation of the oceanic O2 signal in the continental interior. Comparison with the Tracer Model 3 (TM3) atmospheric transport model showed good agreement with the observed phasing and seasonal amplitude in CO2; however, the model exhibited greater O2 (43 per meg, 32%) and smaller APO (9 per meg, 18%) amplitudes. This seeming inconsistency in model comparisons between O2 and APO appears to be the result of phasing differences in land and ocean signals observed at ZOTTO, where ocean signals have a significant lag. In the first 2 months of measurements on the fully constructed tower (November and December 2006), we observed several events with clear vertical concentration gradients in all measured species except CO. During βcold eventsβ (below -30Β°C) in November 2006, we observed large vertical gradients in CO2 (up to 22 ppm), suggesting a strong local source. The same pattern was observed in CH4 concentrations for the same events. Diurnal vertical CO2 gradients in April to May 2007 gave estimates for average nighttime respiration fluxes of 0.04 Β± 0.02 mol C m-2 d-1, consistent with earlier eddy covariance measurements in 1999β2000 in the vicinity of the tower
ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ SARS-CoV-2: Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ, Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
This paper highlights published hypotheses on the possibility of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 entry into the bloodstream, its interaction with vascular endothelium, red blood cells, hemoglobin and its fragments. As a result of such interaction, iron ions may be released into the bloodstream and, subsequently, a cytokine storm may occur. In this context, it is important to find a cytoprotective agent capable of blocking such processes. The perfluorocarbon emulsion could be a candidate for this role.The aim of the paper is to show the feasibility of biophysical methods to study the molecular mechanisms of action of SARS-CoV-2 on human red blood cells and hemoglobin as well as the restorative and cytoprotective effect of the perfluorocarbon emulsion during Fe2+ oxidation in heme.Materials and methods. High resolution spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy, electroporation were used. Blood was exposed to oxidizing agents of different nature. Perfluorocarbon emulsion was added in various concentrations and its effect at various incubation times was studied. Concentration of hemoglobin derivatives was calculated considering multicollinearity, and statistical analysis of the results was performed.Results. The perfluorocarbon emulsion was shown to have an effective restorative and cytoprotective action in iron ion oxidation in the heme: Fe3+ was restored to Fe2+. The degree of MetHb reduction to HbO2 and Hb depended on the concentration of the oxidizing agent and incubation time. We observed a change in MetHb content from 80-90% to 5-12%. The perfluorocarbon emulsion in clinical concentrations helped eliminate local membrane defects and restored normal erythrocyte morphology.Conclusion. In the light of the studied hypotheses, the use of perfluorocarbon emulsion can become an effective method for blocking the consequences of coronavirus effect on the blood cells and restoring a normal gas exchange.Π Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π·Ρ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° SARS-CoV-2 Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΎ, Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. Π ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π²ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° Π² ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅, Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°. Π ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ. ΠΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ SARS-CoV-2 Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° Π² Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ΅.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ, ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π΅Π·Π° Π² Π³Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅: Fe3+ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Fe2+. Π‘ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ MetHb Π΄ΠΎ HbO2 ΠΈ Hb Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π°Π³Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡΠ±Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ MetHb ΠΎΡ (80-90)% Π΄ΠΎ (5-12)%. ΠΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅-ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ².ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. Π ΡΠΎΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π· ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°
- β¦