Personality Factors of Choosing Adaptation Strategies in a Different Cultural Environment by Labor Migrants from Ukraine

The paper presents empirical research on personality factors of choosing adaptation strategies in a different cultural environment by labor migrants. The study determines three major adaptation strategies: integration, assimilation and marginalization. It establishes that integration and assimilation are means of solving the crisis of social identity. Personal identity acquires features of mature positive identity, when labor migrants integrate into a different cultural environment of a country of their employment. If a migrant chooses the strategy of assimilation, then personal identity has a tendency to approach to diffusive, “fuzzy” identity with indefinite life cycles, a decreased level of self-respect, a lack of internal integrity and uniformity. A marginal status of labor migrants in a country of employment causes an intensification of the crisis of personal identity, when migrants are not satisfied with the situation of employment abroad, but they do not see opportunities for self-realization in Ukraine. Factor analysis made it possible to establish an adaptation structure of labor migrants consisting of five major factors (72.43%)

INTEGRATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION OF UKRAINE IN THE EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL SPACE

This article explores the transformation of higher education in Ukraine towards integration into the European educational space. On the basis of the metamorphosis of normative legal acts of Ukraine and European education documents regulating this field, the main achievements and challenges for integration of Ukraine into the European educational space are outlined. The activity of the newly created body of higher education management – the National Agency for Quality Assurance (hereinafter referred to as the National Agency), designed to catalyze changes in higher education in Ukraine, is analyzed. The results of the authors’ analysis of statistical activities of higher education institutions (teachers and seekers of higher education) for their expert participation in the activities of the National Agency for the regions are offered. The paper also updates information regarding the current state of internationalization of higher education in Ukraine. The countries that will soon be actively competing for applicants from Ukraine, donor countries to Ukraine and the main problems in the field of internationalization are identified. The need for active development of the national infrastructure of scientific cooperation with European HEIs as a means of stimulating further reform of Ukrainian higher education in order to solve urgent problems, including improving its quality, is justified

EFFECTIVE TEACHING STRATEGIES OF BUSINESS ENGLISH: EXPERIENCE OF POLTAVA UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS AND TRADE

The article deals with new approaches to teaching Business English in non-language institutions of higher education. The authors offer an example of the application of the strategy “Learning together”, which involves the integrated study of special disciplines and foreign languages. This strategy was initiated by teachers in the United States and has proven its effectiveness. At Poltava University of Economics and Trade, teachers of the Department of Business Foreign Language have been using this approach to teaching for 20 years. During this period the courses “Language of Marketing”, “Language of Management”, “Language of International Economics”, “Language of Human Resource Management”, “Language of Information Systems in Management”, “Language of Transnational Companies”, “Language of Mathematics”, “Language of Statistics”, “Language of Informatics”, “Language of Computer Science” were developed and introduced. Experience has shown that the application of this strategy deepens the knowledge of students and special disciplines, helps to master the terminology, as well as increases the motivation of students to study both professional subjects and foreign languages

Probiotics and smectite absorbent gel formulation reduce liver stiffness, transaminase and cytokine levels in NAFLD associated with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical study

Introduction. In double-blind single center randomized clinical trial (RCT), the efficacy of alive probiotics sup­plementation with smectite gel vs. placebo in type 2 diabetes patient with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) detected on ultrasonography (US) were studied. Material and methods. A total of 50 patients met the criteria for inclusion. They were randomly assigned to receive Symbiter Forte combination of probiotic biomass with smectite gel (250 mg) or placebo for 8-weeks. The primary main outcomes were the change in fatty liver index (FLI) and liver stiffness (LS) meas­ured by shear wave elastography (SWE). Secondary outcomes were the changes in transaminases activity, serum lipids and cytokines levels. Results. All subjects completed the study and received more than 90% of prescribed sachets. In respect to our primary endpoints, FLI and LS insignificant de­crease in both interventional and placebo groups. However, when we compare mean changes across groups from baseline, expressed in absolute values, the reduction of both LS (–0.254 ± 0.85 vs. 0.262 ± 0.77; p = 0.031) were observed. Analysis of sec­ondary outcomes showed that co-administration of probiotic with smectite lead to significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino­transferase (AST), total cholesterol, IL-1b, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) after 8 weeks. Conclusion. In this RCT, we confirmed previously re­ported animal data, showing that co-administration of probiotic with smectite manifested with reduction of LS, liver transaminases and chronic systemic inflam­mation

Study of the antiulcer activity of garden cabbage extract on the chronic acetic ulcer model in rats

The aim of the study was to study the gastroprotective properties of the dry extract of garden cabbage in the model of chronic acetic ulcer in rats. Materials and methods. Chronic ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa of rats were modeled by introducing 0.05 ml of a 30 % solution of acetic acid into the subserous layer of the stomach wall. The dry extract of garden cabbage in a conditionally therapeutic dose of 50 mg/kg and reference drugs omeprazole and altan were administered intragastrically for 10 days, starting from the second day of the experiment. When choosing the duration of the course of treatment, we proceeded from the data that the effectiveness of the antiulcer action in the clinic is assessed after 10-12 days of treatment. The percentage of animals with ulcers in the group, the state of the gastric mucosa were evaluated, the ulcer index and antiulcer activity were calculated. To elucidate the possible mechanism of action of the extract, we studied its effect on synthetic processes in terms of the content of RNA and DNA in homogenates of the gastric mucosa by the spectrophotometric method by reaction with perchloric acid. Results. On the model of stomach damage, caused by acetic acid, a pronounced antiulcer activity of the extract (54.26) was established at the level of omeprazole (54.62). The maximum antiulcer activity (72.75) was revealed when using the combination of the extract with omeprazole, which, in terms of ulcerative effect, is superior to monotherapy with the extract, omeprazole and altan (35.08). Reparative regeneration is a component of an adaptive tissue reaction; under conditions of violation of the reparative potencies of the mucosa, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract develop. Since the final goal of antiulcer therapy is the healing of the ulcer, and the basis of this process is reparative regeneration, the reparative properties of the extract have been studied. Under the influence of cabbage extract, the content of RNA and DNA in the mucosa probably increased by 2.8 and 2.4 times, respectively, at the same level with omeprazole. If possible, to activate the synthetic processes of DEGC and omeprazole, altan significantly prevailed. The most pronounced effect of enhancing reparative processes was established with the combined use of the extract and omeprazole, which turned out to be a significant increase in the content of RNA and DNA in the gastric mucosa by 3.2 and 2.9 times compared with the control. Conclusions. On the model of chronic damage to the stomach of rats, cabbage extract showed an antiulcer effect, the severity of which was not inferior to the comparison drug, the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole, and significantly exceeded the phytopreparation - altan. The combined use of the extract and omeprazole showed the highest preventive effect of preventing the negative effects of acetic acid on the gastric mucosa. One of the mechanisms of the gastroprotective action of the extract is its ability to enhance reparative processes in the gastric mucosa. The results obtained indicate the prospects for further research on the antiulcer properties of cabbage extract with a view to its use in the complex therapy of peptic ulce

Justification of the composition and technology of combined tablets for the treatment of type II diabetes.

The aim. The aim of the work was to establish the feasibility of development, determine the optimal composition and technology, and confirm the pharmacological effectiveness of combined tablets for treating type II diabetes. Materials and methods. Analytical research of the pharmaceutical market of drugs used for the treatment of type II diabetes was carried out using content analysis of official sources of information. The subjects of the study were medicinal products used to treat type II diabetes. A set of physicochemical and technological research methods was used to determine the quality parameters of the tabletting mass and tablets based on them. Results. According to the results of previous studies, similarities in the approaches to the pharmacotherapy of type II diabetes in the countries of Southeast Asia, the Western Pacific region, and Ukraine were established, which became the basis for conducting a market study of drugs with a sugar-lowering effect, namely, based on voglibose, with the aim of further including such drugs in the range of Ukrainian manufacturers. Furthermore, according to the results of physicochemical and technological studies, the composition and rational technology of obtaining tablets were established. Also, pharmacological studies have established that tablets with voglibose and solid dispersion of quercetin significantly prevent the development of glucose metabolism disorders caused by a high-sugar diet. In terms of the expressiveness of the hypocholesterolemic effect of the tablets and their constituent components, they are reliably superior to the comparison drug - metformin. Conclusions. According to the research results, the feasibility and relevance of the development of combined tablets with voglibose and solid dispersion of quercetin have been established. Furthermore, based on the investigated physicochemical and technological indicators, combined tablets' composition and rational technology were developed, and their specific pharmacological activity was prove

Probiotics and smectite absorbent gel formulation reduce liver stiffness, transaminase and cytokine levels in NAFLD associated with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical study

Introduction. In double-blind single center randomized clinical trial (RCT), the efficacy of alive probiotics sup­plementation with smectite gel vs. placebo in type 2 diabetes patient with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) detected on ultrasonography (US) were studied. Material and methods. A total of 50 patients met the criteria for inclusion. They were randomly assigned to receive Symbiter Forte combination of probiotic biomass with smectite gel (250 mg) or placebo for 8-weeks. The primary main outcomes were the change in fatty liver index (FLI) and liver stiffness (LS) meas­ured by shear wave elastography (SWE). Secondary outcomes were the changes in transaminases activity, serum lipids and cytokines levels. Results. All subjects completed the study and received more than 90% of prescribed sachets. In respect to our primary endpoints, FLI and LS insignificant de­crease in both interventional and placebo groups. However, when we compare mean changes across groups from baseline, expressed in absolute values, the reduction of both LS (–0.254 ± 0.85 vs. 0.262 ± 0.77; p = 0.031) were observed. Analysis of sec­ondary outcomes showed that co-administration of probiotic with smectite lead to significant reduction of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino­transferase (AST), total cholesterol, IL-1b, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-a) after 8 weeks. Conclusion. In this RCT, we confirmed previously re­ported animal data, showing that co-administration of probiotic with smectite manifested with reduction of LS, liver transaminases and chronic systemic inflam­mation

High-resolution μCT of a mouse embryo using a compact laser-driven X-ray betatron source

High-resolution microcomputed tomography with benchtop X-ray sources requires long scan times because of the heat load limitation on the anode. We present an alternative, high-brightness plasma-based X-ray source that does not suffer from this restriction. A demonstration of tomography of a centimeter-scale complex organism achieves equivalent quality to a commercial scanner. We will soon be able to record such scans in minutes, rather than the hours required by conventional X-ray tubes

Progress in hybrid plasma wakefield acceleration

Plasma wakefield accelerators can be driven either by intense laser pulses (LWFA) or by intense particle beams (PWFA). A third approach that combines the complementary advantages of both types of plasma wakefield accelerator has been established with increasing success over the last decade and is called hybrid LWFA→PWFA. Essentially, a compact LWFA is exploited to produce an energetic, high-current electron beam as a driver for a subsequent PWFA stage, which, in turn, is exploited for phase-constant, inherently laser-synchronized, quasi-static acceleration over extended acceleration lengths. The sum is greater than its parts: the approach not only provides a compact, cost-effective alternative to linac-driven PWFA for exploitation of PWFA and its advantages for acceleration and high-brightness beam generation, but extends the parameter range accessible for PWFA and, through the added benefit of co-location of inherently synchronized laser pulses, enables high-precision pump/probing, injection, seeding and unique experimental constellations, e.g., for beam coordination and collision experiments. We report on the accelerating progress of the approach achieved in a series of collaborative experiments and discuss future prospects and potential impact

Controlled injection into a Laser-driven wakefield accelerator

This thesis explores laser-driven plasma-wakefield acceleration using two different high-power,ultrashort titanium-doped sapphire lasers. The first experiment was performed at the CentralLaser Facility in the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory using the petawatt class Astra GEMINIlaser, focused by an F/40 focusing optic, and a two-stage, variable-length (< 42mm) gas targetfilled with a gas mixture to generate electron beams with charge greater 100 pC and accelerateto above 1 GeV. In this work, two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic simulations were performed, using the opensource fluid code OpenFOAM, to simulate the plasma-density distribution and study possiblesources of instability and unwanted effects occuring during the electron injection and acceleration,which might be adjusted in future by improvement of the plasma target design. Experimentaldata describing the properties of the electron bunch obtained with the variable-length target,have been analysed with respect to the properties of the target, including aperture diameter andinlet pressure. Plasma density modulations along the laser propagation axis lead to plasma-waketransverse oscillations and are expected to negatively impact stability.The other experiment was performed in the BOND laboratory at DESY, utilising the new 25 TW, 25 fs, Ti:Sa laser, which is focused by an F/14 off-axis parabolic mirror (OAP), onto a gastarget, reaching a peak intensity of 10$^{19}$W/cm$^{2}(a_{0}\simeq$ 2:2). Using either a gas capillary target ora supersonic gas jet, electrons were accelerated up to energies exceeding 100 MeV. These beamsexhibit a wide range of different charges. A cavity-based charge diagnostic, named DaMon,which has much better sensitivity than commercially available integrated current transformers,was tested.Simultaneous use of the DaMon together with a scintillating screen allowed estimates ofbunch charge, and showed that the sensitivity of the DaMon to beam position was negligible.Results from experiments with a 10 mm gas cell demonstrated detection of 25 $\pm$ 9 fC electronbunches, which is the lowest charge reported at the exit of a plasma wakefield accelerator. Acomparison of the electron-beam charge measured by the DaMon and the electron spectrometerdemonstrated that the DaMon has a significant advantage in acceptance angle compared to thatof the electron spectrometer, which is of crucial importance for a total charge measurement