Deperdition Des Produits Sanguins Des Depots De Sang Aux Receveurs Dans Les Chu De Bouake Et De Treichville, Cote d’Ivoire

Cet article vise à évaluer la traçabilité des Produits Sanguins Labiles (PSL) dans les Centres Hospitaliers Universitaires (CHU) de Bouaké et de Treichville. L’étude est prospective et comparative. Elle a consisté à l’enrôlement exhaustif des bons de commande des Produits Sanguins Labiles (PSL) du 4 Août 2014 au 3 Octobre 2014, émis par les unités de soins issues des deux CHU susmentionnés et à suivre leurs destinations. Au total, 2 152 unités de PSL ont été enrôlées et tracées. Cette évaluation révèle que pour 13 bons soit 0,6%, le prescripteur de PSL n'existait pas dans le service de soins. Dans 166 cas sur les 2 152 enrôlements réalisés, soit 7,7% des cas, le patient mentionné sur le bon de commande n'était pas connu du service de soins et 424 soit 19,7% des PSL servis ne sont pas arrivés dans le service de soins, au lit du malade. Ces résultats sont faibles au CHU de Bouaké qui abrite un établissement de transfusion sanguine. En conclusion, la promiscuité ou la cohabitation Etablissements de soins-Etablissements de Transfusion Sanguine réduit la déperdition des Produits sanguins labiles. This article aims to evaluate the traceability of Labiles Sanguins Products (PSL) in the University Hospital Centres (CHU) in Bouaké and Treichville. The study is prospective and comparative. It consisted of the comprehensive enlistment of the order orders of The Sanguins Labiles Products (PSL) from August 4, 2014 to October 3, 2014, issued by the care units from the two aforementioned hospitals and to follow their destinations. A total of 2,152 PSL units were conscripted and traced. This evaluation reveals that for 13 vouchers or 0.6%, the PSL prescriber did not exist in the care department. In 166 of the 2,152 enlistments made, or 7.7% of the cases, the patient mentioned on the purchase order was not known to the care department and 424 or 19.7% of the PSL served did not arrive in the care unit, in the patient's bed. These results are low at the Bouaké University Hospital, which houses a blood transfusion facility. In conclusion, the promiscuity or cohabitation Of Care Establishments-Blood Transfusion Establishments reduces the decrease of Labile Blood Products

The intensification of thermal extremes in west Africa

International audienceThis study aims in filling the gap in understanding the relationship between trend and extreme in diurnal and nocturnal temperatures (Tx and Tn) over the Gulf of Guinea area and the Sahel. Time-evolution and trend of Tx and Tn anomalies, extreme temperatures and heat waves are examined using regional and station-based indices over the 1900–2012 and 1950–2012 periods respectively. In investigating extreme temperature anomalies and heat waves, a percentile method is used. At the regional and local scales, rising trends in Tx and Tn anomalies, which appear more pronounced over the past 60 years, are identified over the two regions. The trends are characterized by an intensification of: i) nocturnal/Tn warming over the second half of the 20th century; and ii) diurnal/Tx warming over the post-1980s. This is the same scheme with extreme warm days and warm nights. Finally annual number of diurnal and nocturnal heat waves has increase over the Gulf of Guinea coastal regions over the second half of the 20th century, and even more substantially over the post-1980s period. Although this trend in extreme warm days and nights is always overestimated in the simulations, from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), those models display rising trends whatever the scenario, which are likely to be more and more pronounced over the two regions in the next 50 years

Reasons for blood donation deferral in sub-Saharan Africa: experience in Ivory Coast.

IntroductionBlood donor selection is important to ensure the safety of both donors and recipients. There is a paucity of data on reasons for blood donor deferral in Ivory Coast. The aim of this study was to identify the reasons for predonation deferral at a blood collection site at General Hospital, Yopougon Attié in Abidjan.Materials and methodsThe investigators conducted a retrospective audit of data pertaining to donor deferral for blood donors that presented to the general hospital of Yopugon Attié from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008.ResultsA total of 10,694 prospective blood donors, presented over the study period, and 24,363 attempts to donate were registered. The majority were repeat blood donors (77.4%). A total of 2618 (10.8%) donors were deferred. The most frequent reason for deferral was a low hemoglobin level (42.5%), with females constituting the majority of those deferred. The second most frequent reason for deferral was a reported change of or new sexual partner (34.3%); male donors were predominant in this group. Additional reasons for deferral included short interdonation interval (4.6%) and reactivity for a screened biomarker (2.3%).ConclusionAlthough the rates for permanent and temporary deferral rates are similar between the Ivory Coast and high-middle income countries, the causes and demographics differ. The reasons for exclusion are preventable through awareness and education of prospective blood donors

Reasons for blood donation deferral in sub-Saharan Africa: experience in Ivory Coast.

IntroductionBlood donor selection is important to ensure the safety of both donors and recipients. There is a paucity of data on reasons for blood donor deferral in Ivory Coast. The aim of this study was to identify the reasons for predonation deferral at a blood collection site at General Hospital, Yopougon Attié in Abidjan.Materials and methodsThe investigators conducted a retrospective audit of data pertaining to donor deferral for blood donors that presented to the general hospital of Yopugon Attié from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2008.ResultsA total of 10,694 prospective blood donors, presented over the study period, and 24,363 attempts to donate were registered. The majority were repeat blood donors (77.4%). A total of 2618 (10.8%) donors were deferred. The most frequent reason for deferral was a low hemoglobin level (42.5%), with females constituting the majority of those deferred. The second most frequent reason for deferral was a reported change of or new sexual partner (34.3%); male donors were predominant in this group. Additional reasons for deferral included short interdonation interval (4.6%) and reactivity for a screened biomarker (2.3%).ConclusionAlthough the rates for permanent and temporary deferral rates are similar between the Ivory Coast and high-middle income countries, the causes and demographics differ. The reasons for exclusion are preventable through awareness and education of prospective blood donors

Risk behaviors in volunteer blood donors who seroconverted for HIV, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire 1997 to 2005.: HIV infection risk factors in seroconverted blood donors in Abidjan

International audienceBACKGROUND: The residual risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission from blood products in the Abidjan National Blood Transfusion Center was estimated to be 1 in 5780 blood donations over the period 2002 through 2004. We aimed at describing risk behaviors in blood donors who seroconverted for HIV in Abidjan to improve the pre-blood donation selection. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We investigated the behavioral profile of HIV seroconverters assessed before their HIV diagnosis, during the blood donation selection at the blood bank of Abidjan, and compared it to the profile documented after this HIV diagnosis, at enrollment in the PRIMO-CI cohort. Since 1997, enrollment in this cohort is offered to every blood donor whose delay since HIV seroconversion was 36 months or less. RESULTS: Among the 418 blood donors who seroconverted for HIV between 1997 and 2005, 241 were enrolled in the cohort. Median age was 28 years and 63% were men. The median time between the last HIV-negative test and the first positive test was 7 months. Since the last blood donation, 29% of donors reported unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple casual sexual partners, 55% unprotected sexual intercourse with one casual sexual partner, and 36% sharing of nail clippers. During the pre-blood donation questionnaire, 69% of HIV seroconverters had reported unprotected sexual intercourse since the last blood donation (vs. 89% reported after donation), and 7% had had multiple casual sexual partners (vs. 32%). CONCLUSION: Volunteer blood donors who seroconverted for HIV in Abidjan reported a high proportion of unprotected sexual intercourse with casual sexual partners

High-Resolution, Integrated Hydrological Modeling of Climate Change Impacts on a Semi-Arid Urban Watershed in Niamey, Niger

This study evaluates the impact of climate change on water resources in a large, semi-arid urban watershed located in the Niamey Republic of Niger, West Africa. The watershed was modeled using the fully integrated surface–subsurface HydroGeoSphere model at a high spatial resolution. Historical (1980–2005) and projected (2020–2050) climate scenarios, derived from the outputs of three regional climate models (RCMs) under the regional climate projection (RCP) 4.5 scenario, were statistically downscaled using the multiscale quantile mapping bias correction method. Results show that the bias correction method is optimum at daily and monthly scales, and increased RCM resolution does not improve the performance of the model. The three RCMs predicted increases of up to 1.6% in annual rainfall and of 1.58 °C for mean annual temperatures between the historical and projected periods. The durations of the minimum environmental flow (MEF) conditions, required to supply drinking and agricultural water, were found to be sensitive to changes in runoff resulting from climate change. MEF occurrences and durations are likely to be greater from 2020–2030, and then they will be reduced for the 2030–2050 statistical periods. All three RCMs consistently project a rise in groundwater table of more than 10 m in topographically high zones, where the groundwater table is deep, and an increase of 2 m in the shallow groundwater table