Higher Dimensional Operators in the MSSM

The origin and the implications of higher dimensional effective operators in 4-dimensional theories are discussed in non-supersymmetric and supersymmetric cases. Particular attention is paid to the role of general, derivative-dependent field redefinitions which one can employ to obtain a simpler form of the effective Lagrangian. An application is provided for the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model extended with dimension-five R-parity conserving operators, to identify the minimal irreducible set of such operators after supersymmetry breaking. Among the physical consequences of this set of operators are the presence of corrections to the MSSM Higgs sector and the generation of "wrong"-Higgs Yukawa couplings and fermion-fermion-scalar-scalar interactions. These couplings have implications for supersymmetry searches at the LHC.Comment: Contribution to the proceedings of the "Susy 2008" conference; (6 pages

Cryptanalysis of group-based key agreement protocols using subgroup distance functions

We introduce a new approach for cryptanalysis of key agreement protocols based on noncommutative groups. This approach uses functions that estimate the distance of a group element to a given subgroup. We test it against the Shpilrain-Ushakov protocol, which is based on Thompson's group F

Dilepton production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at top SPS energy within the Parton-Hadron-String Dynamics (PHSD) transport approach

Dilepton production in In+In collisions at 158 AGeV is studied within the microscopic parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) transport approach that incorporates explicit partonic degrees-of-freedom, dynamical hadronization as well as the more familiar hadronic dynamics in the final reaction stages. A comparison to the data of the NA60 Collaboration shows that the measured dilepton yield is well described by including the collisional broadening of vector mesons, while simultaneously accounting for the electromagnetic radiation of the strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) via off-shell quark-antiquark annihilation, quark annihilation with additional gluon Bremsstrahlung and the gluon-Compton scattering mechanisms. In particular, the spectra in the intermediate mass range (1 GeV < M < 2.5 GeV) are dominated by quark-antiquark annihilation in the nonperturbative QGP. Also, the observed softening of the transverse mass spectra at intermediate masses (1 GeV < M < 2.5 GeV) is approximately reproduced. Furthermore, for dileptons of low masses (M < 0.6 GeV), we find a sizable contribution from the quark annihilation with additional gluon bremsstrahlung, thus providing another possible window for probing the properties of the sQGP.Comment: 16 pages, 14 figure

Permutation symmetry for the tomographic probability distribution of a system of identical particles

The symmetry properties under permutation of tomograms representing the states of a system of identical particles are studied. Starting from the action of the permutation group on the density matrix we define its action on the tomographic probability distribution. Explicit calculations are performed in the case of the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator.Comment: 13 pages, latex, no figure

Differences in the Prevalence of Non-Communicable Disease between Slum Dwellers and the General Population in a Large Urban Area in Brazil.

Residents of urban slums are at greater risk for disease than their non-slum dwelling urban counterparts. We sought to contrast the prevalences of selected non-communicable diseases (NCDs) between Brazilian adults living in a slum and the general population of the same city, by comparing the age and sex-standardized prevalences of selected NCDs from a 2010 survey in Pau da Lima, Salvador Brazil, with a 2010 national population-based telephone survey. NCD prevalences in both populations were similar for hypertension (23.6% (95% CI 20.9⁻26.4) and 22.9% (21.2⁻24.6), respectively) and for dyslipidemia (22.7% (19.8⁻25.5) and 21.5% (19.7⁻23.4)). Slum residents had higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus (10.1% (7.9⁻12.3)) and of overweight/obesity (46.5% (43.1⁻49.9)), compared to 5.2% (4.2⁻6.1) and 40.6% (38.5⁻42.8) of the general population in Salvador. Fourteen percent (14.5% (12.1⁻17.0)) of slum residents smoked cigarettes compared to 8.3% (7.1⁻9.5) of the general population in Salvador. The national telephone survey underestimated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, and smoking in the slum population, likely in part due to differential sampling inside and outside of slums. Further research and targeted policies are needed to mitigate these inequalities, which could have significant economic and social impacts on slum residents and their communities

Phi Mesons from a Hadronic Fireball

Production of $\phi$ mesons is considered in the course of heavy-ion collisions at SPS energies. We investigate the possible difference in momentum distributions of $\phi$ mesons measured via their leptonic ($\mu^+\mu^-$) and hadronic ($K^+K^-$) decays. Rescattering of secondary kaons in the dense hadron gas together with the influence of in-medium kaon potential can lead to a relative decrease of a $\phi$ yield observed in the hadronic channel. We analyze how the in-medium modifications of meson properties affect apparent - reconstructed momentum distributions of $\phi$ mesons. Quantitative results are presented for central Pb+Pb collisions at $E_{beam}=158 GeV/A$.Comment: style Revtex4,9 pages, 5 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev.

Arrival directions of cosmic rays of E .4 EeV

The anisotropy of cosmic rays observed by the Utah Fly's Eye detector has been studied. Emphasis has been placed on examining distributions of events in galactic coordinates. No statistically significant departure from isotropy has been observed for energies greater than 0.4 EeV (1 EeV = 10 to the 18th power eV). Results of the standard harmonic analysis in right ascension are also presented

Cascaded four-wave mixing in tapered plasmonic nanoantenna

We study theoretically the cascaded four-wave mixing (FWM) in broadband tapered plasmonic nanoantennas and demonstrate a 300-fold increase in nonlinear frequency conversion detected in the main lobe of the nanoantenna far-field pattern. This is achieved by tuning the elements of the nanoantenna to resonate frequencies involved into the FWM interaction. Our findings have a potentially broad application in ultrafast nonlinear spectroscopy, sensing, on-chip optical frequency conversion, nonlinear optical metamaterials and photon sources

Classification of non-Riemannian doubled-yet-gauged spacetime

Assuming $\mathbf{O}(D,D)$ covariant fields as the `fundamental' variables, Double Field Theory can accommodate novel geometries where a Riemannian metric cannot be defined, even locally. Here we present a complete classification of such non-Riemannian spacetimes in terms of two non-negative integers, $(n,\bar{n})$, $0\leq n+\bar{n}\leq D$. Upon these backgrounds, strings become chiral and anti-chiral over $n$ and $\bar{n}$ directions respectively, while particles and strings are frozen over the $n+\bar{n}$ directions. In particular, we identify $(0,0)$ as Riemannian manifolds, $(1,0)$ as non-relativistic spacetime, $(1,1)$ as Gomis-Ooguri non-relativistic string, $(D{-1},0)$ as ultra-relativistic Carroll geometry, and $(D,0)$ as Siegel's chiral string. Combined with a covariant Kaluza-Klein ansatz which we further spell, $(0,1)$ leads to Newton-Cartan gravity. Alternative to the conventional string compactifications on small manifolds, non-Riemannian spacetime such as $D=10$, $(3,3)$ may open a new scheme of the dimensional reduction from ten to four.Comment: 1+41 pages; v2) Refs added; v3) Published version; v4) Sign error in (2.51) correcte

Quarkonium momentum distributions in photoproduction and B decay

According to our present understanding many $J/\psi$ production processes proceed through a coloured $c\bar{c}$ state followed by the emission of soft particles in the quarkonium rest frame. The kinematic effect of soft particle emission is usually a higher-order effect in the non-relativistic expansion, but becomes important near the kinematic endpoint of quarkonium energy (momentum) distributions. In an intermediate region a systematic resummation of the non-relativistic expansion leads to the introduction of so-called `shape functions'. In this paper we provide an implementation of the kinematic effect of soft gluon emission which is consistent with the non-relativistic shape function formalism in the region where it is applicable and which models the extreme endpoint region. We then apply the model to photoproduction of $J/\psi$ and $J/\psi$ production in $B$ meson decay. A satisfactory description of $B$ decay data is obtained. For inelastic charmonium photoproduction we conclude that a sensible comparison of theory with data requires a transverse momentum cut larger than the currently used 1 GeV.Comment: latex, 45 pages; (v2) some typos corrected, version to appear in PR