The Iowa Homemaker vol.2, no.11

Table of Contents From “Third Floor Back” to Front Line Rank by Clara Jordan, page 1 The Whys and Wherefores of Correspondence by Mildred Boyt, page 2 That Finishing Touch for Flaws or Floors by Ruth Knutsen, page 3 The Shoddy Time of Year by Harriet Schleiter, page 4 Forgive Us This Day Our Idiosyns by Eda Lord Murphy, page 4 The Youthful Guest by Esther Ellen Rayburn, page 5 Have for Your “Shrine” a Mirror by Eleanor Murray, page 6 Radiator – Less Gilt and More Heat by Mabel Russell, page 6 Children as Helpers by Hope Field, page 7 Miss Rosamond Cook Publishes Books by Llyra Price, page 7 Who’s There and Where by Jeanette Beyer, page 8 Refilling the Household Linen Chest by Opal Milligan, page 1

Regulated mitochondrial DNA replication during oocyte maturation is essential for successful porcine embryonic development.

Cellular ATP is mainly generated through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which is dependent on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We have previously demonstrated the importance of oocyte mtDNA for porcine and human fertilization. However, the role of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial replication factors during oocyte and embryo development is not yet understood. We have analyzed two key factors, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and polymerase gamma (POLG), to determine their role in oocyte and early embryo development. Competent and incompetent oocytes, as determined by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) dye, were assessed intermittently during the maturation process for TFAM and POLG mRNA using real-time RT-PCR, for TFAM and POLG protein using immunocytochemistry, and for mtDNA copy number using real-time PCR. Analysis was also carried out following treatment of maturing oocytes with the mtDNA replication inhibitor, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC). Following in vitro fertilization, preimplantation embryos were also analyzed. Despite increased levels of TFAM and POLG mRNA and protein at the four-cell stage, no increase in mtDNA copy number was observed in early preimplantation development. To compensate for this, mtDNA appeared to be replicated during oocyte maturation. However, significant differences in nuclear-encoded regulatory protein expression were observed between BCB(+) and BCB(-) oocytes and between untreated oocytes and those treated with ddC. These changes resulted in delayed mtDNA replication, which correlated to reduced fertilization and embryonic development. We therefore conclude that adherence to the regulation of the timing of mtDNA replication during oocyte maturation is essential for successful embryonic development

Safety of zinc l-carnosine as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 and the bioavailability of zinc from this source in the context of Directive 2002/46/EC on food supplements

Requestor: European Commission Question number: EFSA-Q-2020-00263 Correspondence: [email protected] reviewedPublisher PD

Scientific opinion on the evaluation of substances as acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils

The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on acceptable previous cargoes for edible fats and oils – Previous cargoes 2016: Bettina Grasl-Kraupp, Konrad Grob, André Penninks and Christiane Vleminckx and EFSA staff members: Marco Binaglia and Ruth Roldán Torres. The Panel acknowledges the European Chemicals Agency that provided data on ammonium sulphate.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Safety of vitamin D2 mushroom powder as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283 (NF 2019/1471).

Requestor: European Commission Question number: EFSA-Q-2020-00417 Correspondence: [email protected] reviewedPublisher PD

Safety of Vitamin D2 mushroom powder (Agaricus bisporus) as a Novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

Acknowledgements: The Panel wishes to thank Petra Gergelova for the support provided to this scientific opinion.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Electoral Volatility, Political Sophistication, Trust and Efficacy

In this article we investigate voter volatility and analyze the causes and motives of switching vote intentions. We test two main sets of variables linked to volatility in literature; political sophistication and ‘political (dis)satisfaction’. Results show that voters with low levels of political efficacy tend to switch more often, both within a campaign and between elections. In the analysis we differentiate between campaign volatility and inter-election volatility and by doing so show that the dynamics of a campaign have a profound impact on volatility. The campaign period is when the lowly sophisticated switch their vote intention. Those with higher levels of interest in politics have switched their intention before the campaign has started. The data for this analysis are from the three wave PartiRep Belgian Election Study (2009)

Ovarian cancer risk factors by tumor aggressiveness : An analysis from the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium

Ovarian cancer risk factors differ by histotype; however, within subtype, there is substantial variability in outcomes. We hypothesized that risk factor profiles may influence tumor aggressiveness, defined by time between diagnosis and death, independent of histology. Among 1.3 million women from 21 prospective cohorts, 4,584 invasive epithelial ovarian cancers were identified and classified as highly aggressive (death in = 35 vs. 20 to <25 kg/m(2), 1.93 [1.46-2.56] and current smoking (vs. never, 1.30 [1.07-1.57]) were associated with increased risk of highly aggressive disease. Results were similar within histotypes. Ovarian cancer risk factors may be directly associated with subtypes defined by tumor aggressiveness, rather than through differential effects on histology. Studies to assess biological pathways are warranted.Peer reviewe

That Finishing Touch for Flaws or Floors

That fever for refinishing, either house or furniture, attacks the aver age housewife annually with the coming of the first spring breeze. Even the wisest of the wise can offer no theory in explanation of the fact, but fact it is, so let's cope with it as such and hope that amateur artists may find answers to perplexing problems which arise in wielding the paint brush.</p