Computed Tomography (CT) of five samples of the Sutter's Mill CM2 chondrite.

These files supplement Jenniskens et al. (2012), a comprehensive description of the April 22, 2012 fall and the petrology of the Sutter‟s Mill CM2 chondrite breccia. Here, we present 3-dimensional scans of individual stones of this meteorite. A “Methods” document in this repository records particulars of CT (see Ebel and Rivers 2007). In the Science paper, we note that “samples SM3 and SM9 appear to contain a dominant lithology characterized by abundant 200 to 400 μm diameter clasts (chondrules or CAIs), and 0.05 - 0.15 μm metal oxide or sulfide grains. A second lithology, with higher average atomic mass (Z) matrix and more abundant clasts, appears as irregular, angular lithic fragments many mm in size. At least one metal grain ~250 μm across, was observed, surrounded by a halo ~750 μm wide, of oxidized or sulfidized metal. It is unlikely that such a grain would be sampled by random cutting. Several clasts larger than 1 mm include a low-Z spherical object that appears to be concentrically zoned, and a similar object with zoned high-Z (metal) and low-Z (silicate) layers. While the samples are fractured, and metal grains appear to be altered, no high-Z veins (e.g., FeO-rich) are observed.” And, “the meteorites studied so far exhibit a dominant, primary lithology that is the host for multiple types of exotic lithic clasts.” This lithology is evident in most of SM3. In SM3_13A, at ~30/45 sec running time, more lithic clasts appear, and a large metal-cored grain rimmed by metal sulfide or oxide, appears briefly. The oriented sample SM51 illustrates the asymmetry of fusion crust, thick on the trailing side, very thin on the leading side (top of movie), and thickest at the „lip‟ between these surfaces (image right). A slightly brighter clast (higher average Z) that intersects the leading side fusion crust at ~60/100 sec illustrates a small effect of its composition on crust thickness and composition. A clast-poor lithology is prevalent through the first half of the stack. A large metal grain is present at ~57/100. Two large chondrules appear in SM51 at ~72/100 sec, and the lithology between there and the end is rich in low Z (forsterite-rich?) spherical clasts. In SM54S, fusion crust is very prominent, sweeping left to right in the first few seconds. Several lithologies are present, perhaps four at ~11/83 sec. This sample has some low-Z terrestrial contamination, a reddish clay, that thinly fills small depressions in the sample at the bottom of the images. References Ebel, D. S. and M. L. Rivers. 2007. Meteorite 3-dimensional synchrotron micro-tomography: Methods and applications. Meteoritics and Planetary Science 42: 1627-1646. Jenniskens, P. and 69 coauthors. 2012. Radar enabled recovery of the Sutter‟s Mill meteorite, a carbonaceous chondrite regolith breccia. Science 21 December 2012: Vol. 338 no. 6114 pp. 1583-1587. DOI: 10.1126/science.122716

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine