2,824 research outputs found
Diffusion on random site percolation clusters. Theory and NMR microscopy experiments with model objects
Quasi two-dimensional random site percolation model objects were fabricate
based on computer generated templates. Samples consisting of two compartments,
a reservoir of HO gel attached to a percolation model object which was
initially filled with DO, were examined with NMR (nuclear magnetic
resonance) microscopy for rendering proton spin density maps. The propagating
proton/deuteron inter-diffusion profiles were recorded and evaluated with
respect to anomalous diffusion parameters. The deviation of the concentration
profiles from those expected for unobstructed diffusion directly reflects the
anomaly of the propagator for diffusion on a percolation cluster. The fractal
dimension of the random walk, , evaluated from the diffusion measurements
on the one hand and the fractal dimension, , deduced from the spin density
map of the percolation object on the other permits one to experimentally
compare dynamical and static exponents. Approximate calculations of the
propagator are given on the basis of the fractional diffusion equation.
Furthermore, the ordinary diffusion equation was solved numerically for the
corresponding initial and boundary conditions for comparison. The anomalous
diffusion constant was evaluated and is compared to the Brownian case. Some ad
hoc correction of the propagator is shown to pay tribute to the finiteness of
the system. In this way, anomalous solutions of the fractional diffusion
equation could experimentally be verified for the first time.Comment: REVTeX, 12 figures in GIF forma
HKT Geometry and Fake Five Dimensional Supergravity
Recent results on the relation between hyper-Kahler geometry with torsion and
solutions admitting Killing spinors in minimal de sitter supergravity are
extended to more general supergravity models with vector multiplets.Comment: 14 pages, latex. Minor typos corrected, references adde
Time Correlation Functions of Three Classical Heisenberg Spins on an Isosceles Triangle and on a Chain: Strong Effects of Broken Symmetry
At arbitrary temperature , we solve for the dynamics of single molecule
magnets composed of three classical Heisenberg spins either on a chain with two
equal exchange constants , or on an isosceles triangle with a third,
different exchange constant . As T\rightrarrow\infty, the Fourier
transforms and long-time asymptotic behaviors of the two-spin time correlation
functions are evaluated exactly. The lack of translational symmetry on a chain
or an isosceles triangle yields time correlation functions that differ
strikingly from those on an equilateral trinagle with . At low ,
the Fourier transforms of the two autocorrelation functions with
show one and four modes, respectively. For a semi-infinite range, one
mode is a central peak. At the origin of this range, this mode has a novel
scaling form.Comment: 9 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Clustering properties of a generalised critical Euclidean network
Many real-world networks exhibit scale-free feature, have a small diameter
and a high clustering tendency. We have studied the properties of a growing
network, which has all these features, in which an incoming node is connected
to its th predecessor of degree with a link of length using a
probability proportional to . For , the
network is scale free at with the degree distribution and as in the Barab\'asi-Albert model (). We find a phase boundary in the plane along which
the network is scale-free. Interestingly, we find scale-free behaviour even for
for where the existence of a new universality class
is indicated from the behaviour of the degree distribution and the clustering
coefficients. The network has a small diameter in the entire scale-free region.
The clustering coefficients emulate the behaviour of most real networks for
increasing negative values of on the phase boundary.Comment: 4 pages REVTEX, 4 figure
A New Derivation of the Picard-Fuchs Equations for Effective Super Yang-Mills Theories
A new method to obtain the Picard-Fuchs equations of effective
supersymmetric gauge theories in 4 dimensions is developed. It includes both
pure super Yang-Mills and supersymmetric gauge theories with massless matter
hypermultiplets. It applies to all classical gauge groups, and directly
produces a decoupled set of second-order, partial differential equations
satisfied by the period integrals of the Seiberg-Witten differential along the
1-cycles of the algebraic curves describing the vacuum structure of the
corresponding theory.Comment: Latex version, 43 pages, a few cosmetic changes and some references
adde
Supersymmetric gyratons in five dimensions
We obtain the gravitational and electromagnetic field of a spinning radiation
beam-pulse (a gyraton) in minimal five-dimensional gauged supergravity and show
under which conditions the solution preserves part of the supersymmetry. The
configurations represent generalizations of Lobatchevski waves on AdS with
nonzero angular momentum, and possess a Siklos-Virasoro reparametrization
invariance. We compute the holographic stress-energy tensor of the solutions
and show that it transforms without anomaly under these reparametrizations.
Furthermore, we present supersymmetric gyratons both in gauged and ungauged
five-dimensional supergravity coupled to an arbitrary number of vector
supermultiplets, which include gyratons on domain walls.Comment: 25 pages, no figures, uses JHEP3.cls. Final version to appear in CQ
Two antisymmetric hypermultiplets in N=2 SU(N) gauge theory: Seiberg-Witten curve and M-theory interpretation
The one-instanton contribution to the prepotential for N=2 supersymmetric
gauge theories with classical groups exhibits a universality of form. We
extrapolate the observed regularity to SU(N) gauge theory with two
antisymmetric hypermultiplets and N_f \leq 3 hypermultiplets in the defining
representation. Using methods developed for the instanton expansion of
non-hyperelliptic curves, we construct an effective quartic Seiberg-Witten
curve that generates this one-instanton prepotential. We then interpret this
curve in terms of an M-theoretic picture involving NS 5-branes, D4-branes,
D6-branes, and orientifold sixplanes, and show that for consistency, an
infinite chain of 5-branes and orientifold sixplanes is required, corresponding
to a curve of infinite order.Comment: 30 pages; 3 figures; LaTeX; minor typos correcte
Mirror Symmetry, Mirror Map and Applications to Calabi-Yau Hypersurfaces
Mirror Symmetry, Picard-Fuchs equations and instanton corrected Yukawa
couplings are discussed within the framework of toric geometry. It allows to
establish mirror symmetry of Calabi-Yau spaces for which the mirror manifold
had been unavailable in previous constructions. Mirror maps and Yukawa
couplings are explicitly given for several examples with two and three moduli.Comment: 59 pages. Some changes in the references, a few minor points have
been clarifie
Pathological regional blood flow in opiate-dependent patients during withdrawal: A HMPAO-SPECT study
The aims of the present study were to investigate regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in heroin-dependent patients during withdrawal and to assess the relation between these changes and duration of heroin consumption and withdrawal data. The rCBF was measured using brain SPECT with Tc-99m-HMPAO in 16 heroin-dependent patients during heroin withdrawal. Thirteen patients received levomethadone at the time of the SPECT scans. The images were analyzed both visually and quantitatively, a total of 21 hypoperfused brain regions were observed in 11 of the 16 patients. The temporal lobes were the most affected area, hypoperfusions of the right and left temporal lobe were observed in 5 and 5 patients, respectively. Three of the patients had a hypoperfusion of the right frontal lobe, 2 patients showed perfusion defects in the left frontal lobe, right parietal lobe and left parietal lobe. The results of the quantitative assessments of the rCBF were consistent with the results of the qualitative findings. The stepwise regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.54) between the dose of levomethadone at the time of the SPECT scan and the rCBF of the right parietal lobe. Other significant correlations between clinical data and rCBF were not found. The present results suggest brain perfusion abnormalities during heroin withdrawal in heroin-dependent patients, which are not due to the conditions of withdrawal
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