Analysis of diverse eukaryotes suggests the existence of an ancestral mitochondrial apparatus derived from the bacterial type II secretion system

The type 2 secretion system (T2SS) is present in some Gram-negative eubacteria and used to secrete proteins across the outer membrane. Here we report that certain representative heteroloboseans, jakobids, malawimonads and hemimastigotes unexpectedly possess homologues of core T2SS components. We show that at least some of them are present in mitochondria, and their behaviour in biochemical assays is consistent with the presence of a mitochondrial T2SS-derived system (miT2SS). We additionally identified 23 protein families co-occurring with miT2SS in eukaryotes. Seven of these proteins could be directly linked to the core miT2SS by functional data and/or sequence features, whereas others may represent different parts of a broader functional pathway, possibly also involving the peroxisome. Its distribution in eukaryotes and phylogenetic evidence together indicate that the miT2SS-centred pathway is an ancestral eukaryotic trait. Our findings thus have direct implications for the functional properties of the early mitochondrion

XXV. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách

Title in English: 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences: Conference proceedings The conference proceedings consists of papers presented at the 25th International Colloquium on Regional Sciences that was organized by Department of Regional Economics and Administration FEA MU. It contains 57 articles arranged by topic. The individual articles deal with e.g. socioeconomic disparities among regions, regional policy, territory attractiveness, tourism, or regional public administration

Analysis of Biologically Active Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Klára Petrů Supervisor Doc. RNDr. Miroslav Polášek, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Analysis of biologically active compounds by capillary electrophoresis The thesis presented is dealing with the analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds of pharmaceutical importance by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Basic principles of CE and respective means of detection are discussed in the theoretical part. Special attention is paid to capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection C4D and to the CE coupling with mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The chemical and pharmacological properties of the compounds of interest: carbethopendecinium bromide, pancuronium bromide (PM), vecuronium bromide (VM) and rocuronium bromide (RM) are characterized. The experimental work is focused on the development and validation of new analytical CE methods for the assay of such compounds. in pharmaceuticals. The C4D detection was applied because of poor UV adsorption capability of all compounds studied. I. The first part deals with the CE analysis of septonex, an antiseptic drug with the character of surfactant. The background electrolyte was 30 mM MES of pH 7 containing 12.5 mg/ml of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-..

Analysis of Biologically Active Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Klára Petrů Supervisor Doc. RNDr. Miroslav Polášek, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Analysis of biologically active compounds by capillary electrophoresis The thesis presented is dealing with the analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds of pharmaceutical importance by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Basic principles of CE and respective means of detection are discussed in the theoretical part. Special attention is paid to capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection C4D and to the CE coupling with mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The chemical and pharmacological properties of the compounds of interest: carbethopendecinium bromide, pancuronium bromide (PM), vecuronium bromide (VM) and rocuronium bromide (RM) are characterized. The experimental work is focused on the development and validation of new analytical CE methods for the assay of such compounds. in pharmaceuticals. The C4D detection was applied because of poor UV adsorption capability of all compounds studied. I. The first part deals with the CE analysis of septonex, an antiseptic drug with the character of surfactant. The background electrolyte was 30 mM MES of pH 7 containing 12.5 mg/ml of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-..

Phytocanabinoids

Katedra biofyziky a fyzikální chemieDepartment of Biophysics and Physical ChemistryFaculty of Pharmacy in Hradec KrálovéFarmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králov

Czech primary pupils' special-interest preferences in the context of learning aspirations

The formation of the learning aspirations of primary school pupils is influenced by parents, the school environment, and also the pupils' goals and vision in what they want to achieve in learning and special interest activities. What are primary school pupils' interest preferences and what factors influence the pupils' learning aspirations? Our aim was to ascertain pupils' special interest preferences in the context of their approach to learning. Our purpose is to ascertain the links between the popularity of subjects and special interest activities that pupils choose from similar or related fields. A 5-point scale questionnaire with 27 items validated by factor analysis with a load of 6 factors with a total reliability of 0.8 was distributed amongst primary school pupils (N = 332). Cluster analysis showed that the pupils are divided into two groups: active pupils, who declared different interest preferences, mostly sports (61.3%), and passive (M = 19.5%), who were not interested in informal learning, preferring mobile, tablet and computer games (M = 34.1%) or who did not respond at all. Our analysis of the data thus obtained confirmed that pupils have personal motivation for learning and it is important for them to achieve the best results at school. Not only pupils' own attitude, but also the support through special interest activities contributes to pupils' activation and efforts to achieve good results in school and in leisure activities. (C) 2019 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.UKTomas Bata University in Zlin project [IGA/FHS/2016/003

Analysis of Biologically Active Compounds by Capillary Electrophoresis

Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Analytical Chemistry Candidate Mgr. Klára Petrů Supervisor Doc. RNDr. Miroslav Polášek, CSc. Title of Doctoral Thesis Analysis of biologically active compounds by capillary electrophoresis The thesis presented is dealing with the analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds of pharmaceutical importance by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Basic principles of CE and respective means of detection are discussed in the theoretical part. Special attention is paid to capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection C4D and to the CE coupling with mass spectrometry (CE-MS). The chemical and pharmacological properties of the compounds of interest: carbethopendecinium bromide, pancuronium bromide (PM), vecuronium bromide (VM) and rocuronium bromide (RM) are characterized. The experimental work is focused on the development and validation of new analytical CE methods for the assay of such compounds. in pharmaceuticals. The C4D detection was applied because of poor UV adsorption capability of all compounds studied. I. The first part deals with the CE analysis of septonex, an antiseptic drug with the character of surfactant. The background electrolyte was 30 mM MES of pH 7 containing 12.5 mg/ml of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-..

Passive sampling of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic environments

Passive sampling is a rapidly developing technology, which is widely used for the monitoring of pollutants in different environments. Passive sampling offers significant advantages over traditional grab sampling. In the present review, the authors summarize the current literature on the methods of passive sampling used in the environmental monitoring of polar or semi-polar compounds in aqueous matrices. Methods of calibrating, design and deployment of samplers are also discussed. A major focus of this review is the use of polar organic compound integrative samplers (POCIS) and their use in sampling and monitoring of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PCPs) in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions

Pharmaceuticals, benzene, toluene and chlorobenzene removal from contaminated groundwater by combined UV/H2O2 photo-oxidation and aeration

This study was performed to test the feasibility of several decontamination methods for remediatingheavily contaminated groundwater in a real contaminated locality in the Czech Republic, where apharmaceuticals plant has been in operation for more than 80 years. The site is polluted mainly byrecalcitrant psychopharmaceuticals and monoaromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene andchlorobenzene. For this purpose, an advanced oxidation technique employing UV radiation withhydrogen peroxide dosing was employed, in combination with simple aeration pretreatment. The resultsshowed that UV/H2O2was an efficient and necessary step for degradation of the pharmaceuticals;however, the monoaromatics were already removed during the aeration step. Characterization of theremoval mechanisms participating in the aeration revealed that volatilization, co-precipitation andbiodegradation contributed to the process. Thesefindings were supported by bacterial metabolite ana-lyses, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, qPCR of representatives of the degradative genes and detailedcharacterization of the formed precipitate using M€ossbauer spectroscopy and scanning electron micro-scopy. Further tests were carried out in a continuous arrangement directly connected to the wells alreadypresent in the locality. The results documented the feasibility of combination of the photo-reactoremploying UV/H2O2together with aeration pretreatment for 4 months, where the overall decontami-nation efficiency ranged from 72% to 99% of the pharmaceuticals. We recorded even better results for themonoaromatics decontamination except for one month, when we encountered some technical problemswith the aeration pump. This demonstrated the necessity of using the aeration step