Le temps du droit au XXIe siècle – Compatibilité avec la codification ?

Le temps passé, le temps présent et le temps futur sont tous significatifs pour la création normative. La codification semble avant tout s’ancrer dans le passé et faire un pari de stabilité sur le futur. En conséquence, elle peut être considérée comme inadaptée à une société en mouvement rapide. L’article propose une piste pour que la codification puisse prendre en compte l’évolution future, gage d’une bonne codification du xxie siècle.The past, the present and the future are all significant in the creative drafting of legislative norms. Codification above all seems to plunge its roots into the past and then base its existence on stability in the future. Consequently, the codification process may be considered as unsuitable in a society in the throes of rapid evolution. The paper suggests a perspective that would allow codification to become future inclusive, a basis for solid codification in the twenty first century

Good governance of third party funding

Third party funding of international litigation and arbitration is controversial. As a phenomenon that presents issues distinct from other forms of litigation funding, some principles for good governance need to be develope

第三方出资的良好监管

Third party funding of international litigation and arbitration is controversial. As a phenomenon that presents issues distinct from other forms of litigation funding, some principles for good governance need to be develope

Des données nucléaires expérimentales à l’évaluation :contribution à l’analyse statistique dans la réduction des données et les tests d’hypothèses – application à la fission

La thématique des données nucléaires représente une illustration des liens forts existant entre la recherche fondamentale et les applications. Ce manuscrit discute de la précision accessible des évaluations, en particulier sur deux observables, les sections efficaces de réactions induites par neutrons rapides et les rendements de fission. L’analyse statistique développée a pour but d’identifier les biais potentiels des méthodes expérimentales et de proposer des solutions pour accroître la précision des mesures et des évaluations via l’analyse des matrices de variances-covariances des données expérimentales. Une nouvelle méthodologie de mesures de rendements de fission auprès du spectromètre Lohengrin de l’ILL est proposée afin d’obtenir des « mesures-évaluées » absolues avec leur matrice de variances-covariances. Le dernier chapitre porte sur trois projets de recherche proposés auprès de l’ILL. Le premier s’intéresse à l’étude de la puissance résiduelle différentielle par ligne isobarique en couplant un spectromètre magnétique gazeux auprès du spectromètre Lohengrin ; le second projet correspond à l’exploration de la région de masse associée à la fission symétrique comme sonde du processus de fission ; le dernier propose le développement d’un filtre de fragments de fission pour le projet FIPPS de l’ILL afin étudier les distributions en énergie d’excitation et en spin induites par fission, éléments clés dans l’évaluation des spectres de particules promptes émis par la fission

Measurement of fast and thermal neutron flux from the d + D reaction using the activation method

LPSC-acc ;

Study of Intermediate-spin States of Y-98

The nuclear structure of the odd–odd nucleus 98Y has been re-investigated by observing prompt γ rays emitted following the proton-induced fission of a 238U target, using the JUROGAM-II multidetector array. New highspin decays have been observed and placed in the level schemes using triple coincidences. The experimental level energies and γ-decay patterns are compared to GICM and QPRM calculations, assuming that this neutronrich N = 59 isotone is spherical at low energies and prolate deformed at intermediate spins.Web of Science47391691

Fission cross section measurements for 240Pu, 242Pu

This report comprises the deliverable 1.5 of the ANDES project (EURATOM contract FP7-249671) of Task 3 "High accuracy measurements for fission" of Work Package 1 entitled "Measurements for advanced reactor systems". This deliverables provide evidence of a successful completion of the objectives of Task 3.JRC.D.4-Standards for Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguard

Fission fragments mass distributions of nuclei populated by the multinucleon transfer channels of the 18O + 232Th reaction

It is shown that the multinucleon transfer reactions is a powerful tool to study fission of exotic neutron-rich actinide nuclei, which cannot be accessed by particle-capture or heavy-ion fusion reactions. In this work, multinucleon transfer channels of the 18O +  232Th reaction are used to study fission of fourteen nuclei 231,232,233,234Th, 232,233,234,235,236Pa, and 234,235,236,237,238U. Identification of fissioning nuclei and of their excitation energy is performed on an event-by-event basis, through the measurement of outgoing ejectile particle in coincidence with fission fragments. Fission fragment mass distributions are measured for each transfer channel, in selected bins of excitation energy. In particular, the mass distributions of 231,234Th and 234,235,236Pa are measured for the first time. Predominantly asymmetric fission is observed at low excitation energies for all studied cases, with a gradual increase of the symmetric mode towards higher excitation energy. The experimental distributions are found to be in general agreement with predictions of the fluctuation–dissipation model

Neutron-induced fission cross sections of short-lived actinides with the surrogate reaction method

Neutron-induced fission cross sections for 242,243Cm and 241Am have been obtained with the surrogate reaction method. Recent results for the neutron-induced cross section of 243Cm are questioned by the present data. For the first time, the 242Cm cross section has been determined up to the onset of second-chance fission. The good agreement at the lowest excitation energies between the present results and the existing neutron-induced data indicates that the distributions in spin and parity of states populated with both techniques are similar