Quantity Tropes and Internal Relations

In this article, we present a new conception of internal relations between quantity tropes falling under determinates and determinables. We begin by providing a novel characterization of the necessary relations between these tropes as basic internal relations. The core ideas here are that the existence of the relata is sufficient for their being internally related, and that their being related does not require the existence of any specific entities distinct from the relata. We argue that quantity tropes are, as determinate particular natures, internally related by certain relations of proportion and order. By being determined by the nature of tropes, the relations of proportion and order remain invariant in conventional choice of unit for any quantity and give rise to natural divisions among tropes. As a consequence, tropes fall under distinct determinables and determinates. Our conception provides an accurate account of quantitative distances between tropes but avoids commitment to determinable universals. In this important respect, it compares favorably with the standard conception taking exact similarity and quantitative distances as primitive internal relations. Moreover, we argue for the superiority of our approach in comparison with two additional recent accounts of the similarity of quantity tropes

Her Mistress’s Voice: Gynophonocentrism in Feminist Discourses

From the article: I will trace the metaphors of voice in the discourses of feminisms as articulated by Judith Fetterley, Kaja Silverman, Julia Kristeva, and Hélène Cixous. I will analyze the presuppositions of their vocal or sound imagery, paying special attention to the implications of the essentialism/constructivism opposition. It is not my intention to provide a comprehensive account of voice in feminisms, nor to make sweeping generalizations on the basis of a very limited corpus. Moreover, in spite of their differences in cultural background, period, and main area of study, the four theorists to be read are, as it were, within earshot from each other, centering, whether anglo- or francophone, around the phónè, the voice. Such themes as psychoanalysis and problems of literary representation and meaning are shared by the theorists, who, with the exception of Fetterley, could be called post-structuralists. I will utilize French philosopher Jacques Derrida’s deconstructive critique of phononocentrism as a tentative hearing aid in my itinerary. I will also lend an ear to his critics, who have blamed Derrida’s idea of phonocentrism for both over-hearing and unsound scholarship. For the present purpose, I will coin the neologism gynophonocentrism, by which I mean the insistence of voice, speech, and the auditive in feminist discourses or in texts dealing with femininity, womanhood, or the female gender

Participatory democracy and civil society – transforming societal decision making in the information age

Various points of view to the current global social transition period and the coming of the information age, both of which are characterized by an unprecedented global telecommunications and information networks explosion will be discussed. Our position is that the rapid diffusion of computers and connected networks of electronic means, the information and communications technology (ICT) will have even more profound impact than before on various social phenomena such as work, entertainment, business, education and, most important of all, democracy - how it is understood, exercised and developed. What is ready to be born, then, is "teledemocracy" - a new form of direct democracy promoted by the ICT and Information Networks

Turvattomuuden tuotantoa? : Muslimit ekstremismin torjunnan sekä julkisen ja yksityisen poliisitoiminnan kohteena

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Suun omahoitoa edistävä peli Kuopion kaupungin päiväkotien 3-5-vuotiaille lapsille

Opinnäytetyön aiheena oli 3-5-vuotiaiden lasten suun terveys ja sen edistäminen. Lasten ja nuorten suun omahoitotottumukset, kuten hampaiden harjaus ovat huonontuneet vuosi vuodelta. Vanhemmat ovat vastuussa lasten suun terveydestä ja omahoidon sekä muiden terveellisten elämäntapojen opettamisesta. Aihe oli ajankohtainen, sillä esimerkiksi 2-vuotiaille lapsille tehdyssä tutkimuksessa todettiin, että lähes kaikissa perheissä alle 2-vuotiaat lapset saivat makeisia ja vain 45 % lapsista harjaus toteutui Käypä hoito -suosituksien mukaisesti. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli laatia lapsen suun omahoitovalmiuksia vahvistava peli Kuopion kaupungin päiväkodeille. Tavoitteena oli, että lapsi oppii pelin avulla suun omahoitoon kuuluvia asioita. Peli opetti säännöllistä hampaiden harjausta sekä fluorin ja ksylitolin käyttöä. Pelin avulla kiinnitettiin myös huomiota terveellisiin ravintotottumuksiin, kuten liiallisen sokerin käytön vähentämiseen. Peli koostui tarinasta, jossa tuli esille omahoitoon liittyviä tärkeimpiä asioita, kuten sokerit, ksylitoli, fluorihammastahna ja hampaiden puhdistaminen. Lisäksi peli sisälsi ohjeet sekä pelipohjan. Peliä testattiin kahdessa kuopiolaisessa päiväkodissa. Peli sai positiivista palautetta ulkoasusta ja sopivuudesta 3-5-vuotiaille lapsille. Lapset pitivät pelistä, mutta ryhmien täytyi olla samantasoisia, jotta pelin idea, oppiminen, palkit-semisen kautta toteutuisi. Myöhemmin peliä voidaan mahdollisuuksien mukaan myös jatkojalostaa sähköisenä tuotoksena. Sähköinen muoto mahdollistaa pelipohjan materiaalin valitsemisen mieleiseksi. Jatkohaasteeksi tuotoksessa voivat muodostua levitys sekä tietoisuus pelistä.The subject of the scholarly thesis was 3-5-year-old children´s oral health and advancing the oral health. Children´s and adolescent´s oral health habits, e.g. tooth brushing have become worse year by year. The parents of children are responsible for teaching their children about oral health and care and a healthy lifestyle. The subject of the scholarly thesis was topical because for example in the research which was made on 2-year-old children it was noticed that nearly in every family children under 2-year-old got candy and only 45 % of the children had their teeth brushed unlike it is suggested in the current standard for care. The purpose of the scholarly thesis was to produce a game enhancing children´s oral health care abilities in the kindergardens of Kuopio city. The goal was that a child would learn things that belong to oral health care. The game taught about regular tooth brushing and the use the fluorine and xylitol. The game also pays attention to healthy eating habits, like reducing the use of excessive sugar. The game consists of a story in which it is told about more important things of oral health care e.g. sugars, xylitol, fluorine toothpaste and tooth brushing. The game also included the instructions and a game board/layout. The game was tested in two children´s kindergartens in Kuopio. The game got positive feedback with regard to the layout and how the game suits 3-5-year-old children. The game was liked by children but the game groups should be at the same level so that the idea of game, learning by reward, would come true. In the future the game can be developed into an electric format. The electric form is enables choosing the material of the game board to one’s wishes. The development challenges can be dissemination and awareness of the game product

Ympäristömerkkien sisällön vertailua – mitä sisävesille?

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Vesiterapian nykytila ja kehittämistarpeet Savonlinnan alueella

Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on tutkia erityisryhmille tuotettavan vesiliikunnan ja vesiterapian nykytilaa, laatua ja kehittämistarpeita Savonlinnassa ja lähialueilla. Tavoitteena on kerätä mahdollisimman kattavaa tietoa siitä, mille kohderyhmille alueella tarjotaan vesiliikuntaa ja vesiterapiaa, sekä kuinka palveluiden tarjoajat arvioivat näiden nykytilaa, kehittämistarpeita ja palveluiden laatua alueella. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa perehdytään veden ominaisuuksiin ja niiden vaikutuksiin ihmiskehossa jo olemassa olevan tutkimustiedon kautta. Kaiken kaikkiaan veden vaikutusta ihmiskehoon on tutkittu melko niukasti ja vesiterapian käyttöä osana kuntoutusta tarvitsee tulevaisuudessa perustella lisää. Samankaltaista kartoitusta Savonlinnan alueella ei ole lähivuosina tehty. Tutkimusmenetelmä on kvalitatiivinen, ja tutkimus on toteutettu sähköisenä kyselytutkimuksena. Tutkimusjoukko muodostui seitsemästä eri organisaatiosta, joissa toteutetaan vesiliikuntaa tai vesiterapiaa tai joiden asiakasryhmiä vesiliikunta tai vesiterapia hyödyttäisi. Tutkimustulokset osoittavat, että Savonlinnassa ja lähialueella tarjotaan monipuolisesti vesiterapiaa ja vesiliikuntaa useille eri kohderyhmille. Tulevaisuudessa toimintaa kehitettäessä tarvitaan uusia palveluita lapsille, leikkausten jälkitilapotilaille sekä ylipainoisille. Alueen organisaatioiden palveluiden vahvuutena ovat turvallisuusjärjestelyt ja ammattitaitoiset ohjaajat. Toimintaan käytettävien tilojen tasossa on paljon hajontaa. Kehittämishaasteina tulevaisuudessa on uusien näkökulmien ja mahdollisuuksien löytäminen, koulutuksen järjestäminen ja vesiterapian ja vesiliikunnan vaikuttavuuden arviointi. Opinnäytetyö liittyy hankesuunnitelmaan Vesi liikuttaa ja kuntouttaa, vesiliikunnan ja vesiterapian kehittäminen Etelä-Savon alueella. Hankkeen näkökulmasta opinnäytetyö palvelee sen jatkamista. Lähtökohtina ovat tämän työn pohjalta esiin nousevat vahvuudet ja kehittämistarpeet.The purpose of this study was to investigate the current state, needs and quality of hydrotherapy produced to people with disabilities in Savonlinna and its neighboring areas. The aim of this study was to collect information as comprehensively as possible on which target groups the pro-ducers offer their services to and how they evaluate their service quality, needs for development and current state of services. In the literature review the properties of water and the effects of water on human body are discussed through previous studies. There is very little research on how water affects the human body. In the future further justification of hydrotherapy as a part of rehabilitation will be required. In recent years, no similar survey has been conducted in the Savonlinna region. This research method was qualitative and the data was collected by an e-survey. Seven organisations offering aquatic exercise and aquatic therapy services or with customers who might benefit from such therapy participated in the inquiry. The results show that in Savonlinna and its neighboring areas aquatic exercise and therapy services are provided for several different kinds of people with disabilities. Further improved services would include services to children, adolescents as well as obese and post-operative patients. The strengths of the organizations include proficient instructors and safety. The quality of the service environment varies depending on the organizations. Future challenges include finding new possibilities for aquatic therapy, organizing training and finding methods to evaluate the effects of aquatic therapy and aquatic exercise. This study is included in the project Vesi liikuttaa ja kuntouttaa. This study supports the execution of the project and provides the base to continue the project by presenting information on the strengths and developing needs

Noise Mitigation Analysis of a Pi-Filter for an Automotive Control Module

This paper has been reproduced on " InCompliance" magazine, May issue http://www.incompliancemag.com/ then "Issue Archive

Intergenerational Negotiations on (Hetero)sexuality and Romantic Relationships : Views of Young People and Parents in Multiethnic Contexts

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