Bartonella apis sp. nov., a honey bee gut symbiont of the class Alphaproteobacteria.

Here, we report the culture and characterization of an alphaproteobacterium of the order Rhizobiales, isolated from the gut of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Strain PEB0122T shares >95 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with species of the genus Bartonella, a group of mammalian pathogens transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods. Phylogenetic analyses showed that PEB0122T and related strains from the honey bee gut form a sister clade of the genus Bartonella. Optimal growth of strain PEB0122T was obtained on solid media supplemented with defibrinated sheep blood under microaerophilic conditions at 35-37 °C, which is consistent with the cultural characteristics of other species of the genus Bartonella. Reduced growth of strain PEB0122T also occurred under aerobic conditions. The rod-shaped cells of strain PEB0122T had a mean length of 1.2-1.8 μm and revealed hairy surface structures. Strain PEB0122T was positive for catalase, cytochrome c oxidase, urease and nitrate reductase. The fatty acid composition was comparable to those of other species of the genus Bartonella, with palmitic acid (C16 : 0) and isomers of 18- and 19-carbon chains being the most abundant. The genomic DNA G+C content of PEB0122T was determined to be about 45.5 mol%. The high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with species of Bartonella and its close phylogenetic position suggest that strain PEB0122T represents a novel species within the genus Bartonella, for which we propose the name Bartonella apis sp. nov. The type strain is PEB0122T ( = NCIMB 14961T = DSM 29779T)

همبستگی عزت نفس با پیشرفت تحصیلی در دانشجویان دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی زنجان 1388

زمینه و هدف: یکی از بزرگترین معضلات آموزشی، افت تحصیلی دانشجویان است. بنابراین توجه به بهداشت روانی و پیشرفت تحصیلی این گروه اهمیت به‌سزایی دارد. پاره‌ای از مطالعات بیانگر ارتباط مستقیم بین عزت نفس و پیشرفت تحصیلی است، لیکن بعضی از صاحب نظران رابطه‌ی مستقیم این دو را مورد تردید قرار داده‌اند. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین همبستگی عزت نفس با پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی زنجان انجام شده است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش یک مطالعه‌ی همبستگی بود، کلیه‌ی دانشجویان دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی زنجان که حداقل دو نیم‌سال سابقه‌ی تحصیلی داشتند، (182 نفر) در مطالعه شرکت کردند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسش‌نامه بود. پرسش‌نامه از دو بخش شامل: ویژگی‌های فردی و تحصیلی واحدهای پژوهش و آزمون 58 سوالی عزت نفس کوپراسمیت تشکیل شده بود. یافته‌ها: ضریب همبستگی پیرسون رابطه‌ی معنی‌داری بین عزت نفس و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان نشان داد (31/0= r ). ولی عزت نفس با سن و جنسیت ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری نداشت (05/0 P ). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به وجود همبستگی مثبت بین عزت نفس و پیشرفت تحصیلی دانشجویان، به نظر می‌رسد استفاده از روش‌های تقویت عزت نفس می‌تواند در جلوگیری از افت تحصیلی دانشجویان نقش داشته باشد

Genomic changes associated with the evolutionary transition of an insect gut symbiont into a blood-borne pathogen.

The genus Bartonella comprises facultative intracellular bacteria with a unique lifestyle. After transmission by blood-sucking arthropods they colonize the erythrocytes of mammalian hosts causing acute and chronic infectious diseases. Although the pathogen-host interaction is well understood, little is known about the evolutionary origin of the infection strategy manifested by Bartonella species. Here we analyzed six genomes of Bartonella apis, a honey bee gut symbiont that to date represents the closest relative of pathogenic Bartonella species. Comparative genomics revealed that B. apis encodes a large set of vertically inherited genes for amino acid and cofactor biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism. Most pathogenic bartonellae have lost these ancestral functions, but acquired specific virulence factors and expanded a vertically inherited gene family for harvesting cofactors from the blood. However, the deeply rooted pathogen Bartonella tamiae has retained many of the ancestral genome characteristics reflecting an evolutionary intermediate state toward a host-restricted intraerythrocytic lifestyle. Our findings suggest that the ancestor of the pathogen Bartonella was a gut symbiont of insects and that the adaptation to blood-feeding insects facilitated colonization of the mammalian bloodstream. This study highlights the importance of comparative genomics among pathogens and non-pathogenic relatives to understand disease emergence within an evolutionary-ecological framework

The support system for SMEs in selected EU countries

Tato práce pojednává o systému podpory malých a středních podniků ve vybraných zemích EU. První kapitola obsahuje základní charakteristiku malých a středních podniků. Druhá kapitola se zabývá malými a středními podniky v regionální hospodářské politice v EU a v České republice, kde je dále analyzován systém podpory z EU a vliv malých a středních podniků na regionální rozvoj v České republice. Ve třetí kapitole je analyzován a následně komparován systém podpory malých a středních podniků ve vybraných zemích EU a to v ČR, na Slovensku, v Polsku, v Maďarsku a Rakousku. Poslední kapitola se zabývá vlivem ekonomických důsledků podpory malých a středních podniků pro podniky, pro jejich okolí, pro národní ekonomiky i pro ekonomiku celé EU.This work deals with system support for small and medium-sized enterprises in selected EU countries. The first chapter contains the basic characteristic of small and medium-sized enterprises. The second chapter deals with small and medium-sized enterprises in regional economic policy in the EU and in the Czech Republic, there is analyzed the system of support from the EU and the inluence of small and meduim-sized enterprises on regional development in the Czech Republic. In the third chapter, there is analyzed and then compared support system for small and medium-sized enterprises in selected EU coutries: in the Czech Republic, in the Slovak Republic, in Poland, in Hungary and in Austria. The last chapter deals with the influence of the economic consequences of support of small and medium-sized enterprises, for their surroundigs, for national economy and the economy across the EU.Ústav ekonomiky a managementuStudentka obhajovala svojí práci pomocí komparace systému podpor pro malé a střední podniky ve vybraných zemích EU

Discrimination and manipulation in the workplace - prevention and solution

Bakalářská práce je zaměřena na diskriminaci a manipulaci na pracovišti, jejich prevenci a řešení. Cílem práce je prošetřit a zhodnotit výskyt manipulace a diskriminace ve společnosti Doosan Škoda Power s.r.o. a zjistit, jaké mají její zaměstnanci povědomí o existenci účinné prevence a možnostech řešení tohoto nevhodného chování. Dále na základě zjištěných skutečností z dotazníkového šetření navrhnout společnosti doporučení, která by měla přispět k předcházení diskriminace a manipulace na pracovišti. Práce je rozdělena na teoretickou a praktickou část. V teoretické části jsou popsány základní pojmy a charakteristiky, které souvisí s prevencí a řešením diskriminace a manipulace na pracovišti. V praktické části je představena společnost Doosan Škoda Power s.r.o. a její prevence a způsoby řešení tohoto nevhodného chování. Následuje interpretace výsledků dotazníkového řešení, na jehož základě jsou navrhnuta doporučení pro společnost.ObhájenoThe bachelor thesis is focused on discrimination and manipulation in the workplace, prevention and solution. The aim of the thesis is to investigate and evaluate the occurrence of manipulation and discrimination in Doosan Škoda Power s.r.o. and to find out what awareness its employees have about the existence of effective prevention and the possibilities of dealing with this inappropriate behaviour. Furthermore, on the basis of the findings of the questionnaire survey, propose recommendations to the company to help prevent discrimination and manipulation in the workplace. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes the basic concepts and characteristics that are related to the prevention and treatment of discrimination and manipulation in the workplace. In the practical part, the company Doosan Škoda Power s.r.o. and its prevention and ways of dealing with this inappropriate behaviour are presented. This is followed by the interpretation of the results of the questionnaire, based on which recommendations for the company are proposed

Visitors monitoring and inhabitants'opinions variety research in the area of Nature Park Ještěd

Nature park is enounced on account of conservation of a landscape character which is a specific typical appearance of landscape. It is often placed in a proximity to larger towns and cities and thus used by urban inhabitants as a place for relaxation and recreation in a natural environs. Small-scale protected areas with valuable natural properties are often parts of a nature park. An efficient management of each protected area even the nature park requires not only the essential knowledge but also the communication between government, visitors and inhabitants. The knowledge in opinions of involved groups is therefore fundamental. This study is focused on the research of the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the visit rate in the Nature park Ještěd and the opinions variety of the park's inhabitants. The physical counting method was used for the investigation of the visit-rate's dynamics - objects passing through the chosen site have been counted. Prepared questionnaires and the method of the controlled personal interview were used for the qualitative research. Visitors were monitored from July 2006 to September 2007 one weekend within each month except the winter season. Inhabitants were monitored in the chosen villages in spring and summer 2008 always during the weekends. Twenty-days'..

Geochemical fingerprinting of magmatic rocks in ophiolite complexes

Institute of Petrology and Structural GeologyÚstav petrologie a strukturní geologiePřírodovědecká fakultaFaculty of Scienc

Unstable atherosclerotic carotid plaque diagnosis and influence on cerebral hemodynamics

Unstable atherosclerotic carotid plaque diagnosis and influence on cerebral hemodynamics ABSTRACT Atherosclerosis of carotid arteries belongs to most important risk factors of stroke especially if unstable plaques are detected. However, the formation of the plaques and their transformation to unstable stage are not fully clarified. The aim of this work was to map the actual diagnostic possibilities, innovations in this field and to explore the impacts on cerebrovascular hemodynamics. In partial studies we succeeded to identify the ultrasound characteristics of the atherosclerotic carotid plaque which increases the risk of its progression. Those are the width of plaque, surface irregularities and ulcerations. The differences in elasticity between stable and unstable plaque were found using the novel method of shear-wave elastography with significantly higher average elasticity in plaques asymptomatic stable then in plaques asymptomatic progressive or plaques symptomatic. To extend research opportunities to in vitro studies the hemodynamic model of carotid bifurcation was constructed with the insertion of the plaque extracted during carotid endarterectomy and its function for the studies of hemodynamic changes in carotid stenoses was confirmed. The increase in resistance and pulsatility of cerebral arteries..

Business Strategy Formulation

The thesis is focused on formulation a draft strategy of a company; the chosen company is named PRAGOTRADE Ltd., which conducts business in the field of recycling of constructional and demolition waste. The first part of the thesis is made of theoretical outputs, as basics for strategy creation, stemming from expert publications. Practical part starts with presenting the company and the type of its business. For evaluation of current condition was used strategy analysis, external and internal environment were examined separately. Evaluation of findings is summed up in matrix IE, from which are generated possible alternatives. Optimal company strategy was chosen by using decision-making method, which is related to the previous results. Final output from used methods is recommended for implementation with possible draft of feasibility and defence of workability