数種植物におけるアンモニウムイオン及び硝酸イオンの吸収速度の比較

Absorption rares of ammonium ion(NH4+) and nitrate ion(NO3-) for 24 hours were compared using two absorption solutions, which were a single salt solution of ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and a complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3. Test plants were Oryza sativa (Rice), Hordeum vulgare (Barley), Lactuca sativa (Lettuce), Cucumis sativus (Cucumber), Daucus carota (Carrot), Brassica pekinesis (Chinese cabbage), Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) and Raphanus sativus (Radish). From the absorption characteristics of NH4+ and NO3- between a single salt solution of NH4NO3 and a complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3, the test plants were classified into goup 1(rice,barley and lettuce), which absorbed NH4+ more rapidly than NO3- in both absorption solutions, group 2(cucumber and carrot), which absorbed NH4+ slightly more than NO3- in the single salt solution of NH4NO3, the tendency of which was reversed in the complete nutrient solution containing NH4NO3, and goup 3(Chinese cabbage,spinach and radish), which absorbed NO3- clealy more than NH4+ in the complete nutrient solution, whereas the absorption of NH4+ or NO3- was almost equal in the single salt solution of NH4+NO3-. The above classisication of plants could be explained by the balance of a repressive or competitive characteristics of NH4+ absorption mainly as sociated with a capacity for absorption of calcium ion(Ca2+) and magnesium ion(Mg2+), and the relative root affinity to NO3- that can be evaluated by the relative absorption of NO3- to mono-phosphate ion(H2PO4-) in plant roots. The group 1 plants are the so-called acid tolerant plants, which appeared to be tolerant to NH4+, and showed a marked pH decreased during the 24 hours of the absorption experiments in those plants. By contrast, the group 3 plant seemed to prefer NO3- and divalent alkaline earth cations to the other nutrients in the complete nutrient solution containing NH4No3, and the pH decrease during each absorption experiment was small.硝酸アンモニウム2.5mMの単塩溶液（以下、硝安単塩溶液）及び2.5mMの硝酸アンモニウムを窒素源とする完全培地（以下、硝安完全培地）を吸収溶液とし、アンモニア態窒素及び硝酸態窒素について24時間の吸収実験を行った。実験材料はイネ、オオムギ、レタス、キュウリ、ニンジン、ハクサイ、ホウレンソウ、ダイコンであった。硝安単塩溶液及び硝安完全培地における両形態窒素の吸収特性から、試験植物は次のように分類できた。（1）イネ、オオムギ、レタス：何れの吸収溶液からでも、硝酸態窒素に比較して常にアンモニア態窒素を速やかに吸収する植物群、（2）キュウリ、ニンジン：硝安単塩溶液ではアンモニア態窒素を速やかに吸収するが、硝安完全培地ではこの傾向が逆転し、硝酸態窒素の吸収がやや速やかになる植物群、（3）ハクサイ、ホウレンソウ、ダイコン：硝安単塩溶液では両形態の窒素の吸収速度はほぼ等しいが、硝安完全培地では明らかに硝酸態窒素の吸収が速やかになる植物群。上記の分類は、それぞれの培地におけるアンモニア態窒素の吸収と拮抗する他のイオンの吸収特性、換言すれば、NO3-/NH4+吸収比、あるいは、Ca2+とMg2+の合計吸収速度、または、植物根の硝酸態窒素に対する相対的な根の親和性、つまり、NO3-/H2PO4-吸収比によって説明できた。すなわち、第1群は1価陽イオン、特に、アンモニウムイオンに対する根の親和性は大きいが硝酸態窒素に対する根の親和性は小さく、また、耐酸性、耐アンモニア性の大きい植物と考えられ、24時間の吸収時間中の培地pHの低下は著しかった。これに対して、第3群は硝安完全培地中では硝酸態窒素、2価陽イオンに対する根の親和性の大きい植物であり、また第2群は、アンモニア態及び硝酸態窒素、ならびに、2価陽イオンに対する根の親和性などが第1群と第3群の中間の植物であった

The usefulness and safety of the simultaneous parallel anterior and posterior combined lumbar spine surgery using intraoperative 3D fluoroscopy-based navigation (SPAPS)

Background The combined anterior-posterior surgery in the lateral decubitus position generally needs the intraoperative repositioning. However, prolonged surgical time and increased medical costs due to intraoperative repositioning have been problematic. In recent years, there have been reports of combined anterior-posterior procedure with a single position performing anterior and posterior fixation consecutively where the patient remains in the lateral decubitus position (single surgeon method-SS method). We had further advanced this method, and have adopted the Simultaneous Parallel Anterior and Posterior combined lumbar spine Surgery using intraoperative 3D fluoroscopy-based navigation (SPAPS method), where anterior and posterior procedure are performed independently by two spine surgeons. Methods 66 cases that underwent SPAPS method (n=37) and SS method (n=29) from 2015 to 2019 at single institution were concluded in this study. The pre- and post-operative changes in the following were compared retrospectively between the two groups: surgical factors and clinical evaluations including JOA back pain evaluation questionnaire (JOABPEQ), visual analogue scale (VAS) on lower back pain, buttock/lower limb pain, and buttock/lower limb numbness, and Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RDQ). Results The SPAPS method was able to significantly reduce the surgical time (p=0.0025) compared to the SS method, and allowed a reduction of approximately 24.4 minutes per segment. The estimated blood loss were similar in both groups, and with regards to post-operative outcomes, both groups improved equally well. The rates of screw deviation and fusion were also similar. Conclusions In the case of performing the combined anterior-posterior surgery under a single position, the anterior and posterior procedure can be performed independently and simultaneously by two spine surgeons by utilizing the 3D fluoroscopy-based navigation. The surgical time can be significantly reduced by approximately 24.4 minutes per segment comparing to the SS method

Aqua­dioxidobis(pentane-2,4-dionato)uranium(VI) pyrazine solvate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [U(C5H7O2)2O2(H2O)]·C4H4N2, contains one [UO2(acac)2(H2O)] (where acac is acetyl­acetonate) and two half-mol­ecules of pyrazine. It exhibits a UO7 penta­gonal-bipyramidal coordination geometry about the UVI atom, involving two bidentate acetyl­acetonate ions and one water mol­ecule. The N atoms of the pyrazine mol­ecules are not coordinated to the UVI atom, and are connected with the aqua O atom by hydrogen bonds. This results in a zigzag chain arrangement along the [10] direction

バレンツ海における大西洋水の変質過程のモデリング研究

第6回極域科学シンポジウム分野横断セッション：[IA] 急変する北極気候システム及びその全球的な影響の総合的解明―GRENE北極気候変動研究事業研究成果報告2015―11月19日（木）　国立極地研究所 2階 大会議

High resolution modeling for long-term prediction of the Arctic sea ice

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/特別セッション「これからの北極研究」11月28日（水） 国立極地研究所 2階大会議

GATA-6 DNA binding protein expressed in human gastric adenocarcinoma MKN45 cells

AbstractA cDNA for the GATA-6 (GATA-GT1) DNA binding protein was cloned from a library of the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MKN45. The deduced amino acid sequence (449 residues) indicates that the primary structure of human GATA-6 is highly homologous to that of the rat protein. The potential phosphorylation site for protein kinases (A and C), and histidine and alanine clusters are conserved. Whereas the rat H+/K+-ATPase α and β subunit genes have two and three GATA protein binding sites in their promoter regions, respectively, the human α subunit gene has only one binding site [Maeda, M., Kubo, K., Nishi, T. and Futai, M. (1996) J. Exp. Biol. 199, 513–520]. We cloned the 5′-upstream region of the human H+/K+-ATPase β subunit gene by genome walking and found that it also has a single GATA protein binding site near the TATA ☐. The GATA sites of the human α and β subunit genes are recognized by the zinc finger domain of human GATA-6. The conservation of the GATA protein binding sites suggests that they are important for the gene regulation of the human and rat H+/K+-ATPase

New Insights into SNR Evolution Revealed by the Discovery of Recombining Plasmas

We report the discovery of recombining plasmas in three supernova remnants (SNRs) with the Suzaku X-ray astronomy satellite. During SNR's evolution, the expanding supernova ejecta and the ambient matter are compressed and heated by the reverse and forward shocks to form an X-ray emitting hot plasma. Since ionization proceeds slowly compared to shock heating, most young or middle-aged SNRs have ionizing (underionized) plasmas. Owing to high sensitivity of Suzaku, however, we have detected radiative recombination continua (RRCs) from the SNRs IC 443, W49B, and G359.1-0.5. The presence of the strong RRC is the definitive evidence that the plasma is recombining (overionized). As a possible origin of the overionization, an interaction between the ejecta and dense circumstellar matter is proposed; the highly ionized gas was made at the initial phase of the SNR evolution in dense regions, and subsequent rapid adiabatic expansion caused sudden cooling of the electrons. The analysis on the full X-ray band spectrum of IC 443, which is newly presented in this paper, provides a consistent picture with this scenario. We also comment on the implications from the fact that all the SNRs having recombining plasmas are correlated with the mixed-morphology class.Comment: Published by Advances in Space Researc