Media Literacy and Rural Women Entrepreneurship: Experience from Japan and Turkey

Purpose: This article is a study on rural women entrepreneurship. This comparative study focuses on rural women in Japan and Turkey, and how those women utilize the media to increase their entrepreneurship capacity. Despite the trend in media and entrepreneurship, the number of sector or industry specific studies are very limited, and therefore this study contributes to provide some evidence in agriculture sector in specific. Methodology: This study is a combination of bibliographic and case studies analysis on work between 2010 and 2020. Selected articles and reports were examined focusing on relevant policies and activities implemented in both countries. A qualitative research approach was used for better understanding of the contextual factors by presenting special stories from each country. Findings/Contribution: This comparative study shed the new light on the dimension of media literacy, and how rural women are adapted to utilize the technology to develop their entrepreneurial capacity in two different socio economic status Asian countries

Entrepreneurial Universities in Times of Crisis: Case of Covid-19 Pandemic

Entrepreneurial universities are at the centre of innovation ecosystems, and play a critical role in improving them. The concept of the quintuple helix, which deals with the interrelations between universities, industries, governments, societies and environments is highly sensitive to the role of entrepreneurial universities which could pave the way for their success. During the COVID-19 pandemic, they faced several challenges, and the ecosystem needed their attention to a greater extent. This research highlights the main challenges faced by entrepreneurial universities and their responses to those challenges. Hence, qualitative research was conducted by interviewing twenty-five experts from different countries in the Middle East, including Iran, Turkey, Iraq, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Jordan, Kuwait, and Lebanon. The respondents were engaged in five online focus group sessions, and the findings were coded. The findings revealed the main challenges faced by entrepreneurial universities as well as their relevant potential responses.   Research paper Keywords: The Middle East; Entrepreneurial universities; Quintuple helix; Covid-19; Crisis Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Kawamorita, H., Salamzadeh, A., Demiryurek, K., & Ghajarzadeh, M. (2020). Entrepreneurial Universities in Times of Crisis: Case of Covid-19 Pandemic, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, 8(1), 77–88

Modelado de la iniciativa empresarial de medios en las redes sociales: enfoque SEM y MLP-ANN

The present paper addresses the need for a quantitative model for media entrepreneurship. In a framework of social media entrepreneurship that is presented by khajeheian (2013), 23 factors are introduced and categorized in five groups. Four groups of enterprise, resources, strategy and product are controllable and infrastructure is the uncontrollable group. In the current research, these groups are considered as variables and factors are used as measures. In a survey 305 Iranian students responded a questionnaire. SEM and MLP-ANN used for analysis. Results show that resources are on the highest rank, strategy and infrastructure are placed as 2nd and 3rd and enterprise and product placed at the lowest rank. This model can be used as a foundation for developing more quantitative researches in the subject of media entrepreneurship.El presente documento aborda la necesidad de un modelo cuantitativo para el emprendimiento de medios. En el marco del emprendimiento en redes sociales presentado por Khajeheian (2013), se introducen y categorizan 23 factores en cinco grupos. Cuatro grupos de empresa, recursos, estrategia y producto son los controlables y la infraestructura es el grupo incontrolable. En la investigación actual, estos grupos se consideran como variables y los factores se utilizan como medidas. En una encuesta, 305 estudiantes iraníes respondieron un cuestionario. Las metodologías SEM (modelo de ecuaciones estructurales) y MLP-ANN (red neuronal artificial basada en el perceptrón multicapa) utilizados para el análisis. Los resultados muestran que los recursos están en la posición más alto, la estrategia y la infraestructura se ubican en el segundo y tercer lugar, y la empresa y el producto en el más bajo. Este modelo se puede utilizar como base para desarrollar más investigaciones cuantitativas en el tema del emprendimiento de medios

Emprendimiento femenino: efecto del capital social, la innovación y el mercado del conocimiento

Women entrepreneurship plays a key role in the economic  growth.  This study investigates the mediatory role of innovation concerning  the effect of social capital on entrepreneurship.  The sample  population included 130 female entrepreneurs  in Ilam province, Iran. Using questionnaire  as the main means of data collection, the correlation among variables of entrepreneurship,  innovation, social capital and market knowledge was evaluated. Data analysis was performed  by structural   equation  modeling  in LISREL software.  The findings showed that social capital and innovation had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurship. However, the impact of social capital on innovation was not confirmed.El  emprendimiento  femenino  desempeña un rol  clave en el crecimiento económico. Este estudio investiga el rol mediador  de la innovación en cuanto al efecto del capital social en el emprendimiento. La población muestra  incluyó 130 mujeres emprendedoras de la provincia de Ilam, Irán. Utilizando un cuestionario como el principal medio de recolección de datos, se evaluó la correlación entre las variables de emprendimiento,  innovación, capital social y mercado  del conocimiento. El análisis  de los datos se llevó a cabo a través de un modelado de ecuaciones estructurales en el software LISREL. Los hallazgos mostraron que el capital social y la innovación tuvieron un efecto positivo en el emprendimiento. Sin embargo, el impacto del capital social sobre la innovación no fue confirmado

Clinical Utility of Germline Genetic Testing in Japanese Men Undergoing Prostate Biopsy

Background: Multiple common variants and also rare variants in monogenic risk genes such as BRCA2 and HOXB13 have been reported to be associated with risk of prostate cancer (PCa); however, the clinical setting in which germline genetic testing could be used for PCa diagnosis remains obscure. Herein, we tested the clinical utility of a 16 common variant-based polygenic risk score (PRS) that has been developed previously for Japanese men and also evaluated the frequency of PCa-associated rare variants in a prospective cohort of Japanese men undergoing prostate biopsy. Methods: A total of 1336 patients undergoing first prostate biopsy were included. PRS was calculated based on the genotype of 16 common variants, and sequencing of 8 prostate cancer-associated genes was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction based target sequencing. PRS was combined with clinical factors in logistic regression models to assess whether addition of PRS improves the prediction of biopsy positivity. Results: The top PRS decile was associated with an odds ratio of 4.10 (95% confidence interval = 2.46 to 6.86) with reference to the patients at average risk, and the estimated lifetime absolute risk approached 20%. Among the patients with prostate specific antigen 2-10 ng/mL who had prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging, high PRS had an equivalent impact on biopsy positivity as a positive magnetic resonance imaging finding. Rare variants were detected in 19 (2.37%) and 7 (1.31%) patients with positive and negative biopsies, respectively, with BRCA2 variants being the most prevalent. There was no association between PRS and high-risk rare variants. Conclusions: Germline genetic testing could be clinically useful in both pre- and post-PSA screening settings

Innovation amplifies growth ambitions of early-stage female entrepreneurs: More in Nordics, less in MENA region

The current research investigates the regional differences in benefiting from innovation toward growth ambitions in a sample of female entrepreneurs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Nordic region. A sample of 4,048 early-stage female entrepreneurs from these two regions who were participated in annual surveys of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor was selected for further analysis. The results of data analysis using hierarchical linear modeling (mixed models) revealed that innovation benefits growth ambitions of early-stage female entrepreneurs. Further, the regional differences affect the benefit of innovation in shaping growth ambitions, so that, in Nordic region, the early-stage female entrepreneurs expect more growth out of their innovation as compared with their counterparts in MENA region. These results have been discussed regarding to existing literature, and future research directions have been suggested based on the results

Modelling Media Entrepreneurship in Social Media: SEM and MLP-ANN Approach

The present paper addresses the need for a quantitative model for media entrepreneurship. In a framework of social media entrepreneurship that is presented by khajeheian (2013), 23 factors are introduced and categorized in five groups. Four groups of enterprise, resources, strategy and product are controllable and infrastructure is the uncontrollable group. In the current research, these groups are considered as variables and factors are used as measures. In a survey 305 Iranian students responded a questionnaire. SEM and MLP-ANN used for analysis. Results show that resources are on the highest rank, strategy and infrastructure are placed as 2nd and 3rd and enterprise and product placed at the lowest rank. This model can be used as a foundation for developing more quantitative researches in the subject of media entrepreneurship.El presente documento aborda la necesidad de un modelo cuantitativo para el emprendimiento de medios. En el marco del emprendimiento en redes sociales presentado por Khajeheian (2013), se introducen y categorizan 23 factores en cinco grupos. Cuatro grupos de empresa, recursos, estrategia y producto son los controlables y la infraestructura es el grupo incontrolable. En la investigación actual, estos grupos se consideran como variables y los factores se utilizan como medidas. En una encuesta, 305 estudiantes iraníes respondieron un cuestionario. Las metodologías SEM (modelo de ecuaciones estructurales) y MLP-ANN (red neuronal artificial basada en el perceptrón multicapa) utilizados para el análisis. Los resultados muestran que los recursos están en la posición más alto, la estrategia y la infraestructura se ubican en el segundo y tercer lugar, y la empresa y el producto en el más bajo. Este modelo se puede utilizar como base para desarrollar más investigaciones cuantitativas en el tema del emprendimiento de medios

Women entrepreneurship: effect of social capital, innovation and market knowledge

Women entrepreneurship plays a key role in the economic growth. This study investigates the mediatory role of innovation concerning the effect of social capital on entrepreneurship. The sample population included 130 female entrepreneurs in Ilam province, Iran. Using questionnaire as the main means of data collection, the correlation among variables of entrepreneurship, innovation, social capital and market knowledge was evaluated. Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling in LISREL software. The findings showed that social capital and innovation had a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurship. However, the impact of social capital on innovation was not confirmed.El emprendimiento femenino desempeña un rol clave en el crecimiento económico. Este estudio investiga el rol mediador de la innovación en cuanto al efecto del capital social en el emprendimiento. La población muestra incluyó 130 mujeres emprendedoras de la provincia de Ilam, Irán. Utilizando un cuestionario como el principal medio de recolección de datos, se evaluó la correlación entre las variables de emprendimiento, innovación, capital social y mercado del conocimiento. El análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo a través de un modelado de ecuaciones estructurales en el software LISREL. Los hallazgos mostraron que el capital social y la innovación tuvieron un efecto positivo en el emprendimiento. Sin embargo, el impacto del capital social sobre la innovación no fue confirmado

Institutional factors affecting the transformation of entrepreneurial universities

Entrepreneurial universities are the third generation of the universities which are well-known as the engines of regional development. Their transformation from conventional/traditional universities is of paramount importance, since it could be studied as a critical area of research to help universities become more entrepreneurial. On the other hand, institutional economics offers an integrated framework to study the institutional factors affecting such transformations. In this study, we use new institutional economics to identify those factors, and also we suggest that public private partnership and new public management practices could moderate the effect of these factors. To do so, we followed a qualitative approach, and used grounded theory to identify the factors