1,345 research outputs found
Informasjon i utforming av statlig idrettspolitikk- En studie av sĂžk etter, eksponering for og bruk av informasjon i arbeidet med meldingen til Stortinget:Â Den norske idrettsmodellen.
Den 8. juni 2012 godkjente Regjeringen Stoltenberg II en ny melding til Stortinget om idrett ved navnet: Den norske idrettsmodellen. Den 7.mars 2013 ble meldingen behandlet i Stortinget og det var da 12 Är siden forrige melding til Stortinget om idrett ble behandlet. I en melding til Stortinget om idrett defineres sentrale mÄlsetninger og virkemidler innen statlig idrettspolitikk. Derfor er det et viktig dokument i utforming av statlig idrettspolitikk. I arbeidet med meldingen fungerte Idrettsavdelingen i Kulturdepartementet som politisk sekreteriat. Masteroppgaven undersÞker hvordan Idrettsavdelingen brukte informasjon i utforming av meldingen og hva som pÄvirket Idrettsavdelingens sÞk, eksponering for og bruk av informasjon i arbeidet med meldingen. I oppgaven omtales dette som Idrettsavdelingens informasjonsatferd. Det teoretiske rammeverket i oppgaven er et begrepsapparat hentet fra bruk av forskning, et instrumentelt og institusjonelt perspektiv og trekk ved politikkomrÄdet. Studien viser at informasjon i stor grad blir brukt instrumentelt i utvikling av tiltak i meldingen. Samtidig finner studien i mindre grad strategisk bruk av informasjon i utforming av tiltak. Funn viser ogsÄ at informasjon brukes konseptuelt, som oversikt og i noen grad som agendasetter. Det konkluderes med at en rekke faktorer pÄvirket Idrettsavdelingens informasjonsatferd. FÞringer fra politiske ledelse, organisasjonsstruktur og kultur er sentrale faktorer som pÄvirket Idrettsavdelingens informasjonsatferd. Det konkluderes med at NIF fortsatt er den viktigste eksterne aktÞren pÄ feltet, men samtidig at relasjonen mellom staten og NIF er i endring
Produktionsekonomi i ett lövsÄgverk
Historiskt sett har lövsÄgverk i Sverige haft dÄlig lönsamhet och fÄ studier över konstadsfördelningen har gjorts. Syftet med detta arbete Àr dÀrför att kartlÀgga ett lövsÄgsverks kostnader och intÀkter för att kunna göra berÀkningar pÄ vilken produktion som krÀvs för att sÄgverket ska bli lönsamt.
TvÄ provsÄgningar genomfördes för att fÄ svar pÄ utbytet i sÄgverkets klingsÄg respektive bandsÄg. Uppgifter om sÄgverkets kostnader och intÀkter togs fram med hjÀlp av personal pÄ sÄgverket.
ProvsÄgningarna visade att sÄgutbytet i klingsÄgen var 24,3 % och 62 % i bandsÄgen. NÄgra av anledningarna till det lÄga utbytet i klingsÄgen var att endast en dimension tillverkades, brÀdor som inte höll kvalitetskraven flisades upp och att marginalerna för virkets krympning i torkprocessen var onödigt tilltagna. Anledningen till det höga utbytet i bandsÄgen var att brÀdorna mÀttes in okantade.
RÄvarukostnaden stÄr för 63,6 % av kostnaderna i sÄgverket, produktionskostnaden för 11,4 %, personalkostnaden för 14,7 %, administrationskostnaden för 5,2 % och avskrivningarna för 5,2 %.
Slutsatsen Àr att det med rÄdande kostnader och priser pÄ de fÀrdiga produkterna Àr svÄrt att fÄ lönsamhet i klingsÄgen medan bandsÄgen visar ett positivt resultat. Förslag pÄ ÄtgÀrder för att fÄ klingsÄgen lönsam Àr att sÀnka rÄvarukostnaden, höja priset pÄ de fÀrdiga produkterna eller lyckas förbÀttra sÄgutbytet genom att hushÄlla med rÄvaran och investera i ny utrustning
Experimentell rangordning av antÀndligheten hos klÀder som anvÀnds av riskgrupper
The purpose of this report is to find out which composition of fibres in clothes are the easiest to ignite when exposed to a smouldering fire (i.e. a cigarette). The end result of this report were several rankings concerning the ignitability of sweaters made of polar fleece, WCT-overalls, knitted cardigans (sweaters), dressing gowns (bathrobes) and sweatpants. Several conclusions could be made and one of them is that 100 % viscose and 100 % cotton should be avoided because of their propensity to ignite. The second conclusion was that mixtures of cotton/polyester and cotton/viscose should be avoided. Even thou cotton/polyester ignited fewer times it had an ignition time that were significantly shorter which makes it more dangerous. If a decision should be made a blend of cotton/viscose is preferred before cotton/polyester. A content of at least 5 % elastan (also called spandex and lycra) in cotton/elastan mixtures and cotton/polyester/elastan mixtures should be sought since these didnât ignite. In general 100% polyester together with 100 % wool and 100 % silk were among the least dangerous materials since they did not ignite. A low weight (i.e. g/m2) of 100% cotton should be sought since the afterglow tend to decrease when the weight decreases
Comparison between the packing capacity between four round balers as a function of dry matter contents
To succeed, and make money at your animal production you need to feed your animals with
high quality fodder. Other condition to succeed is that you keep your production costs at a minimum. To be able to produce baled silage at a low cost it's very important that the bales have a high density. Density is measured in kg dry matter (DM) per cubic meter.
The purpose with this report was to learn more about making silage in round bales and to how much the bale density varies between different brands of round balers. I also wanted to se how much the DM contents in the grass affected the bale density.
In this study I have compared four different brands of round balers. The different round balers are Claas 255, Welger RP235, Taarup Bale In One and NewHolland 658. The Newholland
baler is a flex chamber baler and the other three are fix chamber balers. The difference
between the different types of balers is that the flex chamber is made of belts that keep
pressure on the material from the moment you start making a new bale. The chamber in the
fix chamber balers are made of steel rollers that doesn't put pressure on the bale until the bale chamber is full.
The test with the Welger RP235 where made by me on a farm in Halland. The other tests
where made a in the year 2002 by other students. The Claas 255 and NewHolland 658 were
tested in VÀstergötland and the Taarup baler where tested in NÀrke. All the bales in the tests where weighed and some of the grass in the bales where collected to test the DM contents. When I calculated the density of the bales I used the volume of the press chamber, the nominal volume and not the real volume.
When I analysed the test results and compared them with each other I could see that in the first cut the NewHolland baler made bales with the highest density followed by Claas and the baler who made bales with the lowest density was the Welger baler. And in the second cut the bales with the highest density were made by the NewHolland baler at DM contents over 50 % and with less than 50 % DM the Claas baler made the bales with the highest density. The Taarup baler made the bales with the lowest density at all levels of DM contents.
To compare the results of the tests may be a bit misleading because they where performed at different locations and at different cut seasons. Because of that the maturity and fibre contents of the crops varied a lot and that affects the balers' ability to make bales with high density. And since the NewHolland baler is a flex chamber baler it's hard to measure the nominal volume of the press chamber, so it would probably be better to use the real volume of the bales to get a fair picture of the balers ability to make bales with high density.
My conclusions of this report:
âą The comparison of the tests between the different round balers shows big differences
of the bales density. In the first cut the NewHolland baler made bales with the highest
density followed by Claas and the baler who made bales with the lowest density was
the Welger baler. And in the second cut the bales with the highest density were made
by the NewHolland baler at DM contents over 50 % and with less than 50 % DM the
Claas baler made the bales with the highest density. The Taarup baler made the bales
with the lowest density at all levels of DM
âą The density in the bales increases when the DM levels increases in the material. All
the balers show the same results, and my results are consistent with results from older
tests.
âą It is possible to lower the usage of stretch film and net per kilo DM, if you let the
material dry to levels of 50 % DM before baling it.
âą When you buy a new round baler or choose contractor it is important to choose a baler
that makes bales with high density, because it may save you a lot of money.För att lyckas med, och fÄ lönsamhet i sin djurproduktion mÄste djuren fÄ tillgÄng till
högkvalitativt grovfoder. En annan förutsÀttning Àr att produktionskostnaderna minimeras.
För att kunna producera ett sÄ billigt paketkonserverat foder som möjligt Àr det viktigt att
balarna Àr hÄrt packade, sÄ man fÄr in sÄ mycket som möjligt i dem. Detta mÀts som kg
torrsubstans per kubikmeter eller baldensitet.
I detta arbete har jag jÀmfört packningsförmÄgan hos fyra rundbalspressar.
PackningsförmÄgan har jÀmförts vid olika torrsubstanshalter frÄn 30 upp till 60 procent. De
rundbalspressar som jÀmförts Àr tre fixkammarpressar Claas 255, Welger RP235 och en
Taarup bale in one som innebĂ€r att det Ă€r en press och inplastare i samma maskin (Ăhrman,
2003). Den fjÀrde pressen i jÀmförelsen var en NewHolland 658 av flexkammarmodell. Av de
utförda försöken gjorde jag det pÄ Welger pressen pÄ en förstaskörd i Halland. Claas och
NewHolland pressarna testades av Olsson och Wilsson i ett försök i VÀstergötland Är 2002.
Försöket gjordes i bÄde första och andraskörd (Olsson och Wilsson 2003). Taarup pressen
testades i en andraskörd av Ăhrman. Försöket Ă€gde rum i NĂ€rke Ă„r 2002 (Ăhrman 2003).
MÄlet var att ta reda pÄ hur stor skillnad i packningskapacitet det Àr mellan de olika
rundbalspressarna vid olika torrsubstanshalter. För att komma fram till svaren pÄ dessa frÄgor
vÀgdes alla balar i försöken och borrningar gjordes för att kunna göra torrsubstansprov pÄ
grönmassan som pressades. Vid sammanstÀllningen av de olika försöken har jag rÀknat pÄ de
nominella balvolymerna, det vill sÀga de faktiska mÄtten pÄ presskamrarna och dÀrifrÄn fÄtt
fram de olika baldensiteterna.
Slutsatserna av mitt arbete blev dessa:
⹠Det Àr stor skillnad i packningsförmÄga mellan de olika pressfabrikaten. I min
jÀmförelse med de nominella balvolymerna gör Claas pressen balar med högst
densitet följd av NewHolland och Welger i förstaskörden. I andraskörden gör Claas
pressen balar med högst densitet upp till cirka 50 % ts och dÀröver gör NewHolland
pressen balar med högst densitet. Taarup pressen gör balar med lÀgst densitet bland
pressarna i andraskörden. I tidigare försök med den reala balvolymen har de fÄtt en
annan rangordning. Anledningen till att Claas pressen gör balar med hög denstitet vid
nominellvolymsberÀkning kan vara att luckan pÄ Claas pressen eventuellt öppnar sig
vid för högt tryck.
⹠Med utgÄngspunkt frÄn ovanstÄende antagande att luckan pÄ Claas pressen öppnar sig
vid för högt tryck, och att det Àr svÄrt att ange en exakt presskammarvolym pÄ
NewHolland pressen som Àr en flexkammarpress sÄ Àr det egentligen bara Welger och
Taarup pressen som Àr jÀmförbara eftersom de har en fast och exakt
presskammarvolym dÀrför att de har en mekanisk lÄsning pÄ luckan.
⹠Baldensiteten ökar hos alla pressarna nÀr torrsubstanshalten stiger i grönmassan vilket
Ă€ven tidigare studier som gjorts visar.
⹠Man kan minska förbrukningen av plast och nÀt per kilo torrsubstans ensilage om
man förtorkar grödan, gÀrna upp till 50 % torrsubstanshalt.
⹠Vid investering i rundbalspress bör man lÀgga stor vikt pÄ val av pressfabrikat
beroende pÄ fabrikatets förmÄga att pressa balar med hög densitet vilket Àr en
ekonomisk fördel. Detta bör man Àven vÀga in vid val av maskinstation
Black hole bulk-cone singularities
Lorentzian correlators of local operators exhibit surprising singularities in
theories with gravity duals. These are associated with null geodesics in an
emergent bulk geometry. We analyze singularities of the thermal response
function dual to propagation of waves on the AdS Schwarzschild black hole
background. We derive the analytic form of the leading singularity dual to a
bulk geodesic that winds around the black hole. Remarkably, it exhibits a
boundary group velocity larger than the speed of light, whose dual is the
angular velocity of null geodesics at the photon sphere. The strength of this
singularity is controlled by the classical Lyapunov exponent associated with
the instability of nearly bound photon orbits. In this sense, the bulk-cone
singularity can be identified as the universal feature that encodes the
ubiquitous black hole photon sphere in a dual holographic CFT. To perform the
computation analytically, we express the two-point correlator as an infinite
sum over Regge poles, and then evaluate this sum using WKB methods. We also
compute the smeared correlator numerically, which in particular allows us to
check and support our analytic predictions. We comment on the resolution of
black hole bulk-cone singularities by stringy and gravitational effects into
black hole bulk-cone "bumps". We conclude that these bumps are robust, and
could serve as a target for simulations of black hole-like geometries in
table-top experiments.Comment: 63 pages, 17 figure
Predictive World Models from Real-World Partial Observations
Cognitive scientists believe adaptable intelligent agents like humans perform
reasoning through learned causal mental simulations of agents and environments.
The problem of learning such simulations is called predictive world modeling.
Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) agents leveraging world models have
achieved SOTA performance in game environments. However, understanding how to
apply the world modeling approach in complex real-world environments relevant
to mobile robots remains an open question. In this paper, we present a
framework for learning a probabilistic predictive world model for real-world
road environments. We implement the model using a hierarchical VAE (HVAE)
capable of predicting a diverse set of fully observed plausible worlds from
accumulated sensor observations. While prior HVAE methods require complete
states as ground truth for learning, we present a novel sequential training
method to allow HVAEs to learn to predict complete states from partially
observed states only. We experimentally demonstrate accurate spatial structure
prediction of deterministic regions achieving 96.21 IoU, and close the gap to
perfect prediction by 62% for stochastic regions using the best prediction. By
extending HVAEs to cases where complete ground truth states do not exist, we
facilitate continual learning of spatial prediction as a step towards realizing
explainable and comprehensive predictive world models for real-world mobile
robotics applications. Code is available at
https://github.com/robin-karlsson0/predictive-world-models.Comment: Accepted for IEEE MOST 202
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION OF POSITIONAL-BASED DATA FOR HORSES
Data gathering is a crucial part in many Equitation Science related projects, and this can be a very resource-intensive and time-consuming process. This project aimed to develop a tool to aid Equitation Science researchers in gathering positional-based data of horses. A prototype data collection system was developed, designed to enable cost-effective data acquisition, storage and presentation. The prototype system includes a GPS-enabled collar for collection of positional data, as well as a platform for presenting the gathered data online. Interviews were conducted with Equitation Science researchers in order to determine the requirements of such a system and to ensure that data obtained would be of sufficient quality. The GPS collar developed incorporates a microcontroller which allows tracking of horses within one metre. Furthermore, it is possible to extend the capabilities of the device using appropriate hardware to gather different types of equine data. The data gathered by the GPS collar are uploaded to a server where data are stored in a relational database ready for access by the scientist via a graphical user interface using a dedicated website. The user interface was developed using commonly practised interaction design methods such as user studies, heuristic evaluation and cognitive walkthroughs to ensure a user-friendly experience. Equitation Science experts contributed to both the design of the systems software in addition to the design and placement of the collar. It is anticipated that the GPS collar system can be used in Equitation Science projects that require identification of movement patterns of both individual horses as well as groups of horses, and will be able to provide measures such as distance moved and speed of movement. The system is designed to be future proof and able to be easily adapted according to the requirements of specific studies. For the Equitation Scientist in practice, the system provides the possibility to collect objective data from horsesâ activities by removing the effect of the potentially biased human observer, and might thereby improve the quality of the conclusions in the scientific study. Lay person message: An electronic system has been developed to simplify the collection of positional-based data for equine research. The system consists of a GPS collar which collects data from horses and associated software accessed through a website for analysing and presenting the data. The system can be used in many different types of horse-based projects and will allow more objective data to be collected that can be used to understand horses and to improve horse welfare by removing the effect of the potentially biased human observer
Polonium behavior following a vacuum window rupture in a lead-bismuth eutectic based accelerator driven system
Roller i utvecklingsprojekt - Rollers betydelse för systemutvecklingsprojekt
Efterhand som informationssystem av olika slag blivit allt mer komplexa har mer specialiserade kunskaper blivit allt viktigare inom systemutvecklingsomrÄdet. Det har blivit omöjligt för en ensam systemutvecklare att tillfullo bemÀstra alla omrÄden och arbetsmoment. En följd av detta Àr indelningen i olika roller med tillhörande ansvarsomrÄden. Uppsatsen syftar till att utöka kunskapen angÄende förekomsten av olika systemutvecklingsroller och deras ansvarsomrÄden. Detta har gjorts genom skapandet av ett ramverk bestÄende av roller hÀmtade frÄn litteratur vilka stÀllts mot fyra kvalitativa intervjuer med verksamma systemutvecklare pÄ tvÄ olika konsultföretag. Intervjuerna visade pÄ att roller anvÀndes men att de inte nödvÀndigtvis alltid hade tydliga grÀnser och ansvarsomrÄden eller att de sÄgs som olika roller. Det fanns inte heller i de fall som undersökts nÄgra formella riktlinjer för att anvÀnda sig av roller tillsammans med ansvarsomrÄden
Att skapa ett syndrom - Aspergers syndrom konstruerat enligt fyra olika diskurser
Psykiatriska diagnoser Ă€r idag fler Ă€n nĂ„gonsin, berör ett stort antal mĂ€nniskor och Ă€r genom olika processer i stĂ€ndig förĂ€ndring. Syftet med denna studie, som Ă€r en diskursanalys, Ă€r att undersöka pĂ„ vilka sĂ€tt och inom vilka diskurser psykiatriska diagnoser kan konstrueras. Materialet bestĂ„r av intervjuer med tre grupper; personer som sjĂ€lva har Aspergers syndrom, personer som har barn med Aspergers syndrom och personer som arbetar professionellt med att diagnosticera Aspergers syndrom, samt av texter frĂ„n internetsajter av och för personer med Aspergers syndrom. Metoden för analys Ă€r Foucauldian Discourse Analysis. Genom analysen identifierades fyra olika diskurser; en biomedicinsk, en emancipatorisk, en samhĂ€llsorienterad samt en psykologisk. Resultatet pekar pĂ„ att diskurserna stĂ„r i konflikt med varandra men ocksĂ„ kan samexistera. Den biomedicinska diskursen har en viss dominans. De andra tre diskurserna Ă€r viktiga för att problematisera den dominerande diskursens konstruktioner.Psychiatric diagnoses are plentiful in numbers. They affect a large number of people and they are in a constant line of development. The purpose of this discourse analysis is to examine in which ways a psychiatric diagnosis may be constructed according to various discourses. Interviews were held with individuals diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome, parents of individuals with Asperger Syndrome and professionals working with diagnosing Asperger Syndrome. Also analysed were texts collected from the Internet, made by and dedicated to individuals with Asperger Syndrome. The method for analysis is Foucauldian Discourse Analysis. Four discourses constructing Asperger Syndrome were found; âbio-medicineâ, the âemancipatoryâ, the âpsychologicalâ and the âsocially orientedâ. The four seem to be in conflict, but can also coexist. The bio-medical discourse was found to be somewhat more dominating. The other three were found important in order to diverse the picture
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