Dissolution Method Development and Validation for Estimation of Noscapine Tablets

A dissolution method was developed and UV spectrophotometry was developed for the evaluation of the dissolution of tablets containing 15 mg Noscapine .The dissolution medium 0.1 N HCl was found suitable to ensure sink conditions. USP Apparatus 2, 900 mL dissolution medium 45 minutes and 100 RPM were fixed. Dissolution profiles were generated at 10, 15, 20,   30; 45 min. Dissolution samples were analyzed with UV spectrophotometer at 213 nm. The UV method for determination of tablet was developed and validated. The method presented linearity (R2 = 0.999) in the concentration range of 1–9 μg/mL. The recoveries were good, ranging from 97.18% to 101.45%. The intraday and Interday precision results were 0.54% and 0.78% RSD, respectively. The developed dissolution test is adequate for its purpose and can be applied for the quality control of tablets. Keywords: Dissolution test; Noscapine; Tablets; UV Spectrophotometry metho

Study on the Phytochemical, Antioxidant and In Vitro Anticancer activity on root extract of Simarouba glauca DC

Plant made medicine plays main role in drug formulation and synthesis with moderate or no side effects. Simarouba glauca is exotic to India and known for its phytomedicine property belonging to the Simaroubaceae family prominent for its leaves arrangement and is called “Lakshmi taru” or “Paradise tree”. The goal of this study was to present the preliminary phytochemicals, antioxidants, and cytotoxicity mechanism of S. glauca root extracts in terms of apoptosis in cell cycle. Phytochemical, qualitative, and antioxidant assay analyses were performed with the standard protocol using HPTLC and cytotoxicity studies were analysed using a flow-cytometer. The Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, steroids, and triterpenoids. Furthermore, the extracts demonstrated potent antioxidant activity and could serve as a lead source of natural antioxidants. In a concentration-dependent manner, anticancer study demonstrated cytotoxicity against the A549 cell line by stopping the cells at the S-phase. The main investigation reveals the antiproliferative properties of S. glauca methanolic root extract. Identification of cytotoxic compounds and their mode of action require further in-depth research. The outcome of our investigation offers compelling evidence that S. glauca methanolic root extract can be used as an effective ethnomedicinal agent with the ability to treat human disorders

Kinetic modeling studies of heterogeneously catalyzed biodiesel synthesis reactions

The heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification reaction for the production of biodiesel from triglycerides was investigated for reaction mechanism and kinetic constants. Three elementary reaction mechanisms Eley-Rideal (ER), Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW), and Hattori with assumptions, such as quasi-steady-state conditions for the surface species and methanol adsorption, and surface reactions as the rate-determining steps were applied to predict the catalyst surface coverage and the bulk concentration using a multiscale simulation framework. The rate expression based on methanol adsorption as the rate limiting in LHHW elementary mechanism has been found to be statistically the most reliable representation of the experimental data using hydrotalcite catalyst with different formulations

International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways.

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune liver disease for which effective immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Here we perform meta-analyses of discovery data sets from genome-wide association studies of European subjects (n=2,764 cases and 10,475 controls) followed by validation genotyping in an independent cohort (n=3,716 cases and 4,261 controls). We discover and validate six previously unknown risk loci for PBC (Pcombined<5 × 10(-8)) and used pathway analysis to identify JAK-STAT/IL12/IL27 signalling and cytokine-cytokine pathways, for which relevant therapies exist

Scaphoid osteochondroma causing FCR rupture: An unusual presentation

Background: Osteochondroma, the most common benign bone tumor, typically occurs in long bones but rarely in the carpus. When found in the carpus it poses diagnostic challenges, warranting differential diagnosis to distinguish it from other conditions like intercarpal joint degeneration, ligament lesions, nerve compression, or traumatic injuries. Case report: We present case of a 55-year-old male patient with 6 months of right wrist pain. The patient had no relevant history of trauma or prodromal symptoms. Hand examinations revealed a tenderness to palpation in the region of the scaphoid tubercle and scapho-trapezoidal joint. Sensory examination was normal. Surgery was performed to repair the torn FCR tendon and excise the lesion simultaneously. Histology revealed benign neoplasm composed of trabeculae of mature bone covered with an outer sheath of hyaline cartilage. Histomorphology was suggestive of osteochondroma. Post-operatively there was immediate pain relief. No recurrence was noted on follow-up visits. Conclusion: This case report contributes to the expanding body of knowledge on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of scaphoid osteochondromas, highlighting the need for a nuanced approach to wrist pain, even in the absence of trauma or prodromal symptoms. Level of evidence: Level IV

Deep orbital dermoid cyst bulging into the superior orbital fissure: Clinical presentation and management

Purpose: To present a case of deep orbital dermoid cyst with emphasis on clinical presentation, imaging spectrum, differential diagnosis and management. Case Report: A 28-year-old female was referred to our hospital with chief complaint of drooping of right eyelid and progressive headache. Ocular motility, visual acuity and fundus examination were normal. computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a well-defined, intraosseous deep orbital dermoid cyst (5.9 mm × 12.5 mm) located near the apex of right orbit, extending from greater wing of sphenoid into the superior orbital fissure. Due to occulomotor nerve (superior and inferior divisions) compression which passes through the superior orbital fissure, ipsilateral headache and ptosis occurred. Complete surgical excision of cyst was performed using noninvasive extracranial lateral orbitotomy approach. After removal of the cyst, curette and cutting drill were used to thoroughly remove any residual cystic content. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis. The healing was uneventful postoperatively. Conclusion: CT and MRI are easy, reliable, safe and effective imaging methods for establishing the diagnosis of orbital dermoid cyst. Size, location and manifestations are the most important determinants of the disease management. Complete surgical excision without rupture of the cyst is the treatment of choice

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN YOUNG AND ELDERLY INDIAN MALES ON AUDIO-VISUAL REACTION TIME

Background: With the advancing age there is an increase in the incidence of falls and thereby morbidity. An important aspect of increase in the incidence of these mishaps may be due to the effect of age on reaction time. Objectives; Hence, the present study was undertaken to study the effect of advancing age on Auditory, Visual Reaction times. Method: 50 Normal healthy male subjects were distributed in two groups according to age (18-28 yrs) and (45-55 yrs) and their Audio-Visual reaction time was found out with the help of Audio-Visual reaction time apparatus. Results: Assessed by using Student „t ‟ test. It was found that Audio-Visual reaction time increases as the age advances and Audio-Visual reaction time is significantly different amongst the two studied age groups which showed that as the age advances there is effect of of ageing on the myelination of neurones. Conclusion: Delayed Audio-Visual reaction time in elderly age group suggests that they should be more cautious during general movements as well as during driving