Release of organic compounds from some Antarctic CI and CM chondrites by laboratory heating

Thermal release of organic compounds from three CI chondrites (Belgica (B)-7904,Yamato (Y)-82162,and Y-86720) and three CM chondrites (Y-74662,Y-791198,and Y-793321) was examined by DTA/TG-MS analysis. For identification of the compounds released, Y-791198 was also examined by DTA/TG-GC/MS analysis. The relative amounts of organic compounds released from these chondrites are, Y-74662≃Y-791198>Y-82162>Y-793321≃B-7094>Y-86720 The compounds released are aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and N-, S-, and O-containing compounds. Of these, benzene and thiophene are the most abundant. Release patterns of some representative compounds were obtained along a programmed temperature profile from room temperature to 800℃. These patterns fall under one of two kinds; in one the release starts around 250℃ and continues to 700℃, and in the other release starts at 100℃ or 150℃ and ends at 300℃. The kinds and amounts of the organic compounds released are roughly related to the extent of the alteration and/or metamorphism of the chondrites as determined by mineralogical and petrographic studies

Dual-GSE: Resource-efficient Generalized Quantum Subspace Expansion

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) is a class of hardware-efficient error reduction methods through additional modest quantum operations and classical postprocessing on measurement outcomes. The generalized quantum subspace expansion (GSE) has been recently proposed as a unified framework of two distinct QEM methods: quantum subspace expansion (QSE) and purification-based QEM. GSE takes over the advantages of these two methods, achieving the mitigation of both coherent and stochastic errors. However, GSE still requires multiple copies of quantum states and entangled measurements between the copies, as required in purification-based QEM. This is a significant drawback under the current situation of the restricted number and connectivity of qubits. In this work, we propose a resource-efficient implementation of GSE, which we name "Dual-GSE", circumventing significant overheads of state copies by constructing an ansatz of error-mitigated quantum states via dual-state purification. Remarkably, Dual-GSE can further simulate larger quantum systems beyond the size of available quantum hardware with a suitable ansatz construction inspired by those divide-and-conquer methods that forge entanglement classically. This also contributes to a significant reduction of the measurement overhead because we only need to measure subsystems' Pauli operators. The proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulation of the eight-qubit transverse field Ising model, showing that our method estimates the ground state energy in high precision under gate noise with low mitigation overhead and practical sampling cost.Comment: 25 pages, 19 figure

University Students\u27 Body Images and Mental Health : Part 1 : Comparison between Healthy Group and Half Healthy Group

特集1 葉賀弘教授退職記

18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake in or adjacent to blood vessel walls

Incidental 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in blood vessel walls is sometimes demonstrated during routine oncologic imaging with positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). FDG uptake in vessel walls can also be seen under some non-physiological conditions such as vasculitis and arteriosclerosis. Radiologists need to be aware of the diseases which can exhibit FDG uptake in the vessel wall for proper interpretation

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism of ferromagnetic Co4N epitaxial films on SrTiO3(001) substrates grown by molecular beam epitaxy

5-nm thick Co4N layers capped with 3-nm thick Au layers were grown epitaxially on SrTiO3(001) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using solid Co and a radio-frequency NH3 plasma. Spin and orbital magnetic moments of the Co4N layers were estimated using x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements at 300 K. The site-averaged Co 3d spin magnetic moment is evaluated to be about 1.4 μB, which is smaller than that predicted theoretically (1.58 μB). The element-specific XMCD intensities for the Co L3 edge and N K edge show that the magnetic moment is induced at the N atoms

最大酸素摂取量と身体組成の関係からみた年少者スイマーの特性

Purposes of this study were to investigate how maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) relates to body weight and lean body weight in male swimmers, and to clarify characteristics of prepubertal male swimmers. 17 prepubertal male swimmers with a mean age of 11.3±0.6 years and 19 college male swimmers of 20.4±0.9 years old were measured for lean body weight by underwater-weighing method and VO_2max by flume swimming. They all were well trained swimmers. Correlation between VO_2max and lean body weight for prepubertal swimmers was found to be higher (r=0.898, p<0.001) than for college swimmers (r=0.604, p<0.01). In addition, correlation between VO_2max and body weight for prepubertal swimmers was found to be higher (r=0.825, p<0.001) than for college swimmers (r=0.588, p<0.01). It was also shown that prepubertal swimmers had a significantly smaller VO_2max per 1 kg of lean body weight than college swimmers. Therefore, it was concluded that the respiratory-cardiovascular system of prepubertal male swimmers was not matured or improved enough for VO_2max measurement even when they were well trained for their age

A Report on Overseas Teaching Practicum by Graduate Students in Elementary/Secondary Schools in the United States (IX)

This short paper reports on the 9th overseas teaching practicum in the United States by 12 graduate students of Hiroshima University, Japan, partly organized by Hiroshima University Global Partnership School Center (GPSC). The grand total has become 89 since this project started in 2006. The participants this year were those majoring in elementary/secondary school education, including one in-service teacher. They observed and conducted lessons in English in four local public schools in North Carolina. The aim of this project was threefold: 1) to self-develop practical instructional competence by teaching pupils with different cultural backgrounds; 2) to enhance the abilities in developing teaching materials through hands-on teaching experiences in English; and 3) to acquire the abilities to design, implement and evaluate programs for promoting global partnership. Like past years, their teachings were very positively covered by the local newspapers and websites. Later, the project was followed by cross-cultural field study visits to NC State Capitol, Raleigh and the U.S. Capitol, Washington, D.C. It is hoped that this intensive experience overseas will broaden the young future Japanese teachers’ global awareness and confidence in teaching

Integrative Annotation of 21,037 Human Genes Validated by Full-Length cDNA Clones

The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, gene prediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level. Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following: integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates (1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for non-protein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causing phenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology