Abdominal Trauma

Abdominal trauma accounts for 7–10% of hospital admissions due to trauma. Depending on the mechanism of occurrence, abdominal traumas are classified as either blunt or penetrating. The most important risk after trauma is hypovolemic shock. Deaths caused by blunt trauma are frequently the result of diagnostic difficulties and treatment delays. Abdominal surgery after traumatic injury is performed for two reasons; bleeding due to injury to vascular structures or a solid organ (e.g., spleen, liver, kidney) or injury due to perforation of a hollow organ (stomach, small intestine, colon, gallbladder). Patients may remain asymptomatic until they have lost 50–60% of their blood volume. Through inspection, auscultation, and palpation, the damaged organs and the presence of hemorrhage should be examined during the physical examination. The findings of peritoneal irritation are incredibly critical. Even though some studies indicate a mortality rate as high as 25.8% for abdominal injuries, the overall mortality rate is 10%. Other studies reveal mortality rates ranging from 15% to 17.1%. It should not be forgotten that the patient with abdominal trauma may have multi-trauma. The patient’s vital signs, abdominal examination, and hematocrit should be checked at frequent intervals. Early surgical evaluation is important. It is important to remember that the main source of bleeding and shock may be the abdomen

Kullanıcı teknoloji benimseme faktörleri: yapısal eşitlik modeli yaklaşımı ile farklı bağlamlarda amprik incelemeler

TÜBİTAK SOBAG30.09.2011Teknoloji ve uygulamalarının hayatımızda giderek daha fazla yer alması ile kullanıcıların kendilerine sunulan teknoloji ürün veya uygulamalarını benimsemelerini etkileyen faktörler araştırmacıların dikkatini çekmiştir. Bu alanda temel olarak kabul edilen Teknoloji Kabul Modeli (Technology Acceptance Model-TAM) ele alınarak yapılan çeşitli çalışmalarla literatürde karşılaşmaktayız. Bu çalışmada, Teknoloji Kabul Modelinin dört farklı bağlamda geliştirilerek her bir bağlam için kullanıcıların kendilerine sunulan uygulamaya ya da ürünlere olan tutumlarını etkileyen faktörler araştırılmış, analiz edilmiş ve çapraz karşılaştırma ile ortak faktörler bulunmuş, sonuç olarak genel bir teknoloji benimseme modeli geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma e-devlet, e-sağlık, e-öğrenme ve e-ticaret bağlamlarından veri toplanarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama ve ölçüm aracı olarak anket kullanılmış; veriler Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli yaklaşımı ile analiz edilerek sunulan modeller doğrulanmıştır. Doğrulanan modeller ile ürün ve uygulama geliştiricilere tasarım aşamasında yol göstermek, bu alanda kullanılan teknolojilerin kullanımı açısından güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini ortaya koymak ve modelin etkinliğinin değişik bağlamlarda test edilerek literatüre katkıda bulunmak amaçlarına erişilmiştir. Bu bağlamda bulgular değerlendirilmiştir ve çapraz karşılaştırmalar yapılarak sonuçların akademik literatüre katkısı 3 ulusal ve 8 uluslararası konferansta bildiri sunumu, bir uluslararası kitapta bölüm ve değerlendirilme aşamasında olan 2 uluslararası dergi yayını ile sağlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Bilişim Sistemleri Bölümü’nde 2 Yüksek Lisans tezi tamamlanmış, 3 Doktora tezinin zemini oluşturulmuştur.By the increasing use of technology, the factors that affect users’ behaviors towards technology and its applications had drawn attention of researchers. In the literature, there are plenty of studies covering user’s behavior and adoption towards technologies which were based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). It should be noted that TAM was accepted as a cornerstone in behavioral studies by many authorities. In this study, TAM was developed in four different domains, and in each domain, factors affecting users’ adoption towards specific applications and products were investigated. Then, the findings were analyzed and common factors were extracted by cross sectional comparison. In the bottom line, it was intended to create a joint technology acceptance model. The study was conducted by collecting and analyzing data from the domains of e-health, e-government, e-learning and e-commerce. Survey method was employed for collecting data and measurement. Structural Equation Modeling approach was employed for analysis of data and verification of models. The aims of the study were (1) to guide developers by verified models in the design phase, (2) to unveil strengths and weaknesses of the technologies in terms of user adoption which were categorized under these four domains and (3) to test and verify the effectiveness of the model in different domains and thus, contribute to the literature. In the path of these purposes, findings were evaluated and cross sectional comparisons were conducted. At the end of the study, valuable findings were extracted which can serve for determined purposes. Besides, social contributions have been accomplished by delivering feedbacks to related organizations. In addition, as an outcome of this project work 2 Master’s theses within the Information Systems Department of Middle East Technical University have been completed and the research has formed the basis of 3 PhD theses which are currently ongoing at the same department

Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in human mobility patterns in Holocene Southwest Asia and the East Mediterranean

We present a spatiotemporal picture of human genetic diversity in Anatolia, Iran, Levant, South Caucasus, and the Aegean, a broad region that experienced the earliest Neolithic transition and the emergence of complex hierarchical societies. Combining 35 new ancient shotgun genomes with 382 ancient and 23 present-day published genomes, we found that genetic diversity within each region steadily increased through the Holocene. We further observed that the inferred sources of gene flow shifted in time. In the first half of the Holocene, Southwest Asian and the East Mediterranean populations homogenized among themselves. Starting with the Bronze Age, however, regional populations diverged from each other, most likely driven by gene flow from external sources, which we term “the expanding mobility model.” Interestingly, this increase in inter-regional divergence can be captured by outgroup-f$_3$-based genetic distances, but not by the commonly used F$_{ST}$ statistic, due to the sensitivity of F$_{ST}$, but not outgroup-f$_3$, to within-population diversity. Finally, we report a temporal trend of increasing male bias in admixture events through the Holocene

Planlı davranış teorisine dayalı bir e-devlet benimsenmesi modeli: ampirik inceleme

The e-government phenomena has become more important with the ever increasing number of implementations world wide. A model explaining the e-government adoption and the related measurement instrument a survey had been developed and validated in this study. In a post technology acceptance model (TAM) approach, theory of planned behavior (TPB) was extended to t the requirements of e-government context. The adoption of student loans service of the higher education student loans and accommodation association (KYK) was investigated to obtain data for empirical validation. The instrument was administered to over four-hundred students and partial least squares path modeling was employed to analyze the data. The results indicate that the model was an improvement over TAM in terms of predictive power. The constructs investigated in the study successfully explained the intention to use an e-government service.M.S. - Master of Scienc

Explaining Planning Citizen Adoption of Government to Citizen Services: A Model Based on Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)

E-government initiatives are gaining traction worldwide, Unfortunately not all e-government initiatives end up being successful. The main determinant of failure for government to Citizen services is the low adoption by citizens. A better understanding of the factors influencing citizens' adoption behavior is required to guide e-government implementations. E-government adoption models can provide such an insight. The aim of this study is to develop a model that encompasses various dimensions of e-government that relate to citizen adoption behavior while still providing the mechanisms that can account for differences among different countries and implementations

Exploring citizens' perception of government to citizen services: A model based on theory of planned behaviour (TBPss)

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of undertaking a systemic view of evaluating the success of government to citizen (G2C) services and identifying the salient factors related with citizens’ low adoption of G2C services. Design/methodology/approach – The paper adopts a quantitative case perspective and derives a conceptual research model that encompasses various dimensions of e-government that relate to citizen adoption behaviour within the framework of theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The model is empirically tested for validity and reliability. Findings – Quantitative findings have been presented, which will be valuable for academics and practitioners doing research in identifying factors for e-government adoption. Research limitations/implications – Further research efforts should explore new dimensions or test the causal relationships among proposed factors within the boundary of e-government. In that, the paper is limited contextually where attention should be made not to generalise the findings beyond the empirical findings within the case analysis. Practical implications – The paper supports a practitioner perspective through a consideration of a holistic approach to e-government adoption that relate to citizen adoption behaviour. e-Government system developers may find the findings useful when designing and implementing an e-government system. Originality/value – The paper is original and is the first phase of a research study. It provides an innovative approach to e-government adoption based on TPB

e-Government adoption model based on theory of planned behavior: Empirical validation

The e-Government phenomenon has become more important with the ever increasing number of implementations worldwide. A model explaining the e-Government adoption and the related measurement instrument - a survey - had been developed and validated in this study. In a post Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) approach, theory of planned behavior (TPB) was extended to fit the requirements of e-Government context. The adoption of student loans service of the higher education student loans and accommodation association of Turkey (KYK) was investigated to obtain data for empirical validation. The instrument was administered to over four-hundred students and partial least squares path modeling was employed to analyze the data. The results indicate that the model was an improvement over TAM in terms of predictive power. The constructs trust, perceived behavioral control and attitudes successfully explained the intention to use an e-Government service. The findings presented in this study provide useful insights for researchers and policy makers when dealing with e-Government services

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedures in specific patients: a single-center experience

Endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi, gastroenterolojinin en çok komplikasyona sahip işlemlerinden biridir. Klasik işlemin yanında bazı fark-lılıklar gösteren hasta ve hastalıklarda işlemde veya kullanılan malzemelerde bazı değişiklikler yapmak gerekebilmekte, deneyimli merkezlerde bu işlem-ler daha az komplikasyonla yapılabilmektedir. Biz de kendi merkezimizde yaptığımız bazı özellikli endoskopik retrograd kolanjiopankreatografi işlem-lerini sunmayı amaçladıkEndoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is one of the most com-plicated interventions of gastroenterology. In addition to the classical proce-dure, some modifications can be made, for certain patients and diseases, that differ in the treatment modality or materials used, and these procedures can be performed with fewer complications in experienced centers. We aimed to present some specific endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography interventions used in our clinic