71 research outputs found
Reign of His Majesty Kamehameha V. Ninth Year. Biennial Report of the President of the Board of Education, To the Legislature of 1872
Includes Table: The Schools of the Hawaiian Kingdom, January 1st, 1872
Reign of His Majesty Kamehameha V. Seventh Year. Biennial Report of the President of the Board of Education, To the Legislature of 1870
Ka Noho Alii Ana o ka Moi Kamehameha V. Ka Ehiku o na Makahiki. Palapala Hoike no na Makahiki Elua, a ka Peresidena o ka Papa Hoonaauao, I ka Ahaolelo o ka Makahiki 1870
Ka Noho Alii Ana o ka Moi Kamehameha V. Ka Eiwa o na Makahiki. Palapala Hoike no na Makahiki Elua, a ka Peresidena o ka Papa Hoonaauao, I ka Ahaolelo o ka Makahiki 1872
Historical Reconstruction Reveals Recovery in Hawaiian Coral Reefs
Coral reef ecosystems are declining worldwide, yet regional differences in the trajectories, timing and extent of degradation highlight the need for in-depth regional case studies to understand the factors that contribute to either ecosystem sustainability or decline. We reconstructed social-ecological interactions in Hawaiian coral reef environments over 700 years using detailed datasets on ecological conditions, proximate anthropogenic stressor regimes and social change. Here we report previously undetected recovery periods in Hawaiian coral reefs, including a historical recovery in the MHI (∼AD 1400–1820) and an ongoing recovery in the NWHI (∼AD 1950–2009+). These recovery periods appear to be attributed to a complex set of changes in underlying social systems, which served to release reefs from direct anthropogenic stressor regimes. Recovery at the ecosystem level is associated with reductions in stressors over long time periods (decades+) and large spatial scales (>103 km2). Our results challenge conventional assumptions and reported findings that human impacts to ecosystems are cumulative and lead only to long-term trajectories of environmental decline. In contrast, recovery periods reveal that human societies have interacted sustainably with coral reef environments over long time periods, and that degraded ecosystems may still retain the adaptive capacity and resilience to recover from human impacts
A Diverse and Flexible Teaching Toolkit Facilitates the Human Capacity for Cumulative Culture
© 2017, The Author(s). Human culture is uniquely complex compared to other species. This complexity stems from the accumulation of culture over time through high- and low-fidelity transmission and innovation. One possible reason for why humans retain and create culture, is our ability to modulate teaching strategies in order to foster learning and innovation. We argue that teaching is more diverse, flexible, and complex in humans than in other species. This particular characteristic of human teaching rather than teaching itself is one of the reasons for human’s incredible capacity for cumulative culture. That is, humans unlike other species can signal to learners whether the information they are teaching can or cannot be modified. As a result teaching in humans can be used to support high or low fidelity transmission, innovation, and ultimately, cumulative culture
The Social-Ecological Keystone Concept: A Quantifiable Metaphor for Understanding the Structure, Function, and Resilience of a Biocultural System
- …