TiO2-Supported Re as a General and Chemoselective Heterogeneous Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids to Alcohols

TiO2-supported Re, Re/TiO2, was found to promote selective hydrogenation of carboxylic acids having aromatic and aliphatic moieties to the corresponding alcohols. Re/TiO2 showed superior results compared to other transition-metal-loaded TiO2 and supported Re catalysts for selective hydrogenation of 3-phenylpropionic acid. 3phenylpropanol was produced in 97% yield under mild conditions (5 MPa H-2 at 140 degrees C). Contrary to typical heterogeneous catalysts, Re/TiO2 does not lead to the formation of dearomatized byproducts. The catalyst is recyclable and shows a wide substrate scope in the synthesis of alcohols (22 examples; up to 97% isolated yield)

GODAE systems in operation

During the last 15 years, operational oceanography systems have been developed in several countries around the world. These developments have been fostered primarily by the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), which coordinated these activities, encouraged partnerships, and facilitated constructive competition. This multinational coordination has been very beneficial for the development of operational oceanography. Today, several systems provide routine, real-time ocean analysis, forecast, and reanalysis products. These systems are based on (1) state-of-the-art Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) configurations, either global or regional (basin-scale), with resolutions that range from coarse to eddy-resolving, and (2) data assimilation techniques ranging from analysis correction to advanced three- or four-dimensional variational schemes. These systems assimilate altimeter sea level anomalies, sea surface temperature data, and in situ profiles of temperature and salinity, including Argo data. Some systems have implemented downscaling capacities, which consist of embedding higher-resolution local systems in global and basin-scale models (through open boundary exchange of data), especially in coastal regions, where small scale-phenomena are important, and also increasing the spatial resolution for these regional/coastal systems to be able to resolve smaller scales (so-called downscaling). Others have implemented coupling with the atmosphere and/or sea ice. This paper provides a short review of these operational GODAE systems.Published76-914.6. Oceanografia operativa per la valutazione dei rischi in aree marineN/A or not JCRope

GODAE systems in operation

During the last 15 years, operational oceanography systems have emerged in several countries around the world. This emergence has been largely fostered by the GODAE experiment, during which each nation engaged in this activity have organised partnership and constructive competition. This trans-national coordination was very beneficial for the development of operational oceanography, leading to economies of scales and more targeted actions. Today, several systems provide routine real-time ocean analysis and forecast and/or reanalysis products. They are all based on (i) state-of-the-art primitive equation baroclinic Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) configurations, either global or regional (basin-scale), with resolutions that range from coarse to eddy resolving and (ii) data assimilation techniques whose complexity ranges from simple analysis correction to advanced 4D variational schemes. They assimilate altimeter sea level anomalies, remotely sensed SST such as GHRSST products and in situ profiles of T and S, including ARGO. Some systems have implemented downscaling capacities in specific regions of interest including shelf/coastal seas. Some also have implemented coupling with the atmosphere and/or the prognostic sea ice in polar regions. They are the GODAE system in operation. They are reviewed in this paper. The GODAE system discussed here include: (1) BLUElink OceanMAPS, (2) C-NOOFS, , (3) ECCO, (4) FOAM, (5) HYCOM/NCODA, (6) MERCATOR, (7) MFS, (8) MOVE/MRI.COM, (9) NLOM/NCOM, (10) NMEFC, (11) RTOFS and (12) TOPAZ.SubmittedNice, France3.11. Oceanografia Operativaope

GODAE systems in operation

During the last 15 years, operational oceanography systems have been developed in several countries around the world. These developments have been fostered primarily by the Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment (GODAE), which coordinated these activities, encouraged partnerships, and facilitated constructive competition. This multinational coordination has been very beneficial for the development of operational oceanography. Today, several systems provide routine, real-time ocean analysis, forecast, and reanalysis products. These systems are based on (1) state-of-the-art Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) configurations, either global or regional (basin-scale), with resolutions that range from coarse to eddy-resolving, and (2) data assimilation techniques ranging from analysis correction to advanced three- or four-dimensional variational schemes. These systems assimilate altimeter sea level anomalies, sea surface temperature data, and in situ profiles of temperature and salinity, including Argo data. Some systems have implemented downscaling capacities, which consist of embedding higher-resolution local systems in global and basin-scale models (through open boundary exchange of data), especially in coastal regions, where small scale-phenomena are important, and also increasing the spatial resolution for these regional/coastal systems to be able to resolve smaller scales (so-called downscaling). Others have implemented coupling with the atmosphere and/or sea ice. This paper provides a short review of these operational GODAE systems

GODAE systems in operation

During the last 15 years, operational oceanography systems have emerged in several countries around the world. This emergence has been largely fostered by the GODAE experiment, during which each nation engaged in this activity have organised partnership and constructive competition. This trans-national coordination was very beneficial for the development of operational oceanography, leading to economies of scales and more targeted actions. Today, several systems provide routine real-time ocean analysis and forecast and/or reanalysis products. They are all based on (i) state-of-the-art primitive equation baroclinic Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) configurations, either global or regional (basin-scale), with resolutions that range from coarse to eddy resolving and (ii) data assimilation techniques whose complexity ranges from simple analysis correction to advanced 4D variational schemes. They assimilate altimeter sea level anomalies, remotely sensed SST such as GHRSST products and in situ profiles of T and S, including ARGO. Some systems have implemented downscaling capacities in specific regions of interest including shelf/coastal seas. Some also have implemented coupling with the atmosphere and/or the prognostic sea ice in polar regions. They are the GODAE system in operation. They are reviewed in this paper. The GODAE system discussed here include: (1) BLUElink OceanMAPS, (2) C-NOOFS, , (3) ECCO, (4) FOAM, (5) HYCOM/NCODA, (6) MERCATOR, (7) MFS, (8) MOVE/MRI.COM, (9) NLOM/NCOM, (10) NMEFC, (11) RTOFS and (12) TOPAZ

B1 SOX Coordinate Cell Specification with Patterning and Morphogenesis in the Early Zebrafish Embryo

The B1 SOX transcription factors SOX1/2/3/19 have been implicated in various processes of early embryogenesis. However, their regulatory functions in stages from the blastula to early neurula remain largely unknown, primarily because loss-of-function studies have not been informative to date. In our present study, we systematically knocked down the B1 sox genes in zebrafish. Only the quadruple knockdown of the four B1 sox genes sox2/3/19a/19b resulted in very severe developmental abnormalities, confirming that the B1 sox genes are functionally redundant. We characterized the sox2/3/19a/19b quadruple knockdown embryos in detail by examining the changes in gene expression through in situ hybridization, RT–PCR, and microarray analyses. Importantly, these phenotypic analyses revealed that the B1 SOX proteins regulate the following distinct processes: (1) early dorsoventral patterning by controlling bmp2b/7; (2) gastrulation movements via the regulation of pcdh18a/18b and wnt11, a non-canonical Wnt ligand gene; (3) neural differentiation by regulating the Hes-class bHLH gene her3 and the proneural-class bHLH genes neurog1 (positively) and ascl1a (negatively), and regional transcription factor genes, e.g., hesx1, zic1, and rx3; and (4) neural patterning by regulating signaling pathway genes, cyp26a1 in RA signaling, oep in Nodal signaling, shh, and mdkb. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of the her3, hesx1, neurog1, pcdh18a, and cyp26a1 genes further suggests a direct regulation of these genes by B1 SOX. We also found an interesting overlap between the early phenotypes of the B1 sox quadruple knockdown embryos and the maternal-zygotic spg embryos that are devoid of pou5f1 activity. These findings indicate that the B1 SOX proteins control a wide range of developmental regulators in the early embryo through partnering in part with Pou5f1 and possibly with other factors, and suggest that the B1 sox functions are central to coordinating cell fate specification with patterning and morphogenetic processes occurring in the early embryo

Impregnation of S-layer protein isolated from extremophilic Bacillus Licheniformis NARW 02 onto titanium phosphate ceramic enhances uranium removal from aqueous solution

In the present study, bioceramic was prepared by impregnating surface layer protein (S-layer) isolated from extremophilic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis NARW 02 onto sol–gel-derived titanium phosphate (TiP) ceramic. The prepared bioceramic was used for adsorption of uranium ions from aqueous solution and compared with control lacking S-layer protein. The distribution coefficient value of TiP and bioceramic for uranium adsorption was 100.65 and 432.48 ml/g respectively. This study indicates that the bacterial S-layer can be potentially used to enhance the adsorption efficiency of the ceramics used in separation of uranium from waste water

Variational analysis of drifter positions and model outputs for the reconstruction of surface currents in the central Adriatic during fall 2002

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 113 (2008): C04004, doi:10.1029/2007JC004148.In this paper we present an application of a variational method for the reconstruction of the velocity field in a coastal flow in the central Adriatic Sea, using in situ data from surface drifters and outputs from the ROMS circulation model. The variational approach, previously developed and tested for mesoscale open ocean flows, has been improved and adapted to account for inhomogeneities on boundary current dynamics over complex bathymetry and coastline and for weak Lagrangian persistence in coastal flows. The velocity reconstruction is performed using nine drifter trajectories over 45 d, and a hierarchy of indirect tests is introduced to evaluate the results as the real ocean state is not known. For internal consistency and impact of the analysis, three diagnostics characterizing the particle prediction and transport, in terms of residence times in various zones and export rates from the boundary current toward the interior, show that the reconstruction is quite effective. A qualitative comparison with sea color data from the MODIS satellite images shows that the reconstruction significantly improves the description of the boundary current with respect to the ROMS model first guess, capturing its main features and its exchanges with the interior when sampled by the drifters.Four of the authors are supported by the Office of Naval Research, V.T. and A.G. under grants N00014-05-1-0094 and N00014-05-1-0095, P.M.P. under grant N00014-03-1-0291, and S.C. under grant N00014-05-1-0730. CNR-ISMAR activity was partially supported by P.O.R. ‘‘CAINO’’ (Regione Puglia), VECTOR (Italian MIUR) project, and ECOOP (EU project)