5 research outputs found
To unite as a group, working towards common goals : A study of staff unanimity regarding theories and methods for at-risk youths in institutional care
Inom institutionsvĂ„rd för ungdomar har det visat sig finnas flera faktorer som Ă€r avgörande för ett positivt behandlingsresultat. En av dessa Ă€r personalgruppens samstĂ€mmighet. I föreliggande studie har syftet varit att undersöka vilka teorier och metoder som finns och tillĂ€mpas pĂ„ HVB-hemmet Multigruppen, om det finns en förtrogenhet om, samt samstĂ€mmighet kring dessa hos personalgruppen, samt pĂ„ vilket sĂ€tt ledarskapet pĂ„ verksamheten bedrivs och om strategier för att frĂ€mja en samstĂ€mmighet finns. Studien har en kvantitativ och kvalitativ metodansats. En enkĂ€tundersökning med verksamhetens personalgrupp och fem stycken intervjuer genomfördes. Intervjuerna genomfördes med tre anstĂ€llda ur personalgruppen och tvĂ„ ur ledningen. Studiens resultat visar att det rĂ„der vissa brister kring det praktiska tillĂ€mpandet av verksamhetens teorier och metoder. Studien visar ocksĂ„ att personalgruppen har en del svĂ„righeter med att upprĂ€tthĂ„lla ett gemensamt förhĂ„llningssĂ€tt â trots detta anser de flesta att de arbetar mot gemensamma mĂ„l. Ledarskapet som bedrivs pĂ„ Multigruppen Ă€r i stort lyhörda mot sin personal, stĂ€ller krav och ger positiv feedback. Trots detta visar studien att majoriteten av personalgruppen inte Ă€r trygga med den ledning som finns. I studien diskuteras bland annat vad som kan tĂ€nkas vara de bidragande orsakerna till det resultat som framkommit samt studiens svagheter och styrkor.Within institutional care for at-risk youth it has been shown that several factors are crucial for a positive outcome. One of these factors is the unanimity of the staff. In the present study, the aim has been to examine the theories and methods practiced at Multigruppen, an institution for at-risk youth. The study looks at the staffsâ familiarity as well as consensus with these theories and methods, the leadership system and the leadershipsâ strategies to promote a consensus. The study was based on quantitative and qualitative methods. A survey and five interviews with staff members were conducted, two of which were in leadership roles. The results show inconsistencies between the theoretical and the in fact practiced methods in the treatment process. The study also shows that the staff have difficulty maintaining a common approach, however that most believe they are working toward common goals despite this. The leadership at Multigruppen is generally receptive of staff input and gives positive feedback as demanding high standards. Despite this, the study shows that the majority of the staff group have insecurities in regards to the leadershipsâ capability. The study includes a discussion of possible contributing factors to the results obtained as well as the studyâsâ strengths and weaknesses.
DNA-Aptamers Binding Aminoglycoside Antibiotics
Aptamers are short, single stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides that are able to bind specifically and with high affinity to their non-nucleic acid target molecules. This binding reaction enables their application as biorecognition elements in biosensors and assays. As antibiotic residues pose a problem contributing to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and thereby reducing the effectiveness of the drug to fight human infections, we selected aptamers targeted against the aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin A with the aim of constructing a robust and functional assay that can be used for water analysis. With this work we show that aptamers that were derived from a Capture-SELEX procedure targeting against kanamycin A also display binding to related aminoglycoside antibiotics. The binding patterns differ among all tested aptamers so that there are highly substance specific aptamers and more group specific aptamers binding to a different variety of aminoglycoside antibiotics. Also the region of the aminoglycoside antibiotics responsible for aptamer binding can be estimated. Affinities of the different aptamers for their target substance, kanamycin A, are measured with different approaches and are in the micromolar range. Finally, the proof of principle of an assay for detection of kanamycin A in a real water sample is given