Magnesium in drinkwater voor weidende droge koeien

In die periode is de kans groot dat door de lage magnesiumgehalten in het gras en de slechte benutting door een hoog kaligehalte een magnesiumtekort bij deze dieren ontstaat met als gevolg melkziekte, kopziekte of doodgeboren kalveren

Why are some South African children with Down syndrome not being offered cardiac surgery?

No Abstract. South African Medical Journal Vol. 96(9) (Part 2) 2006: 914-91

Why are some South African children with Down syndrom not being offered cardiac surgery?

About 1 in 1 000 children has Down syndrome. Extra chromosomal material results in a myriad of potential problems for the affected individual. About 40% of Down syndrome children will have cardiac abnormalities, ranging from the simple arterial duct to the complex atrioventricular septal defect. Virtually all these defects are amenable to surgical correction and extended survival is possible. In South Africa many of these children do not undergo cardiac surgery

Magnesium in drinkwater voor weidende droge koeien

Vooral in de late herfst is de kans groot dat door de lage magnesiumgehalten in het gras en de slechte benuiting door een hoog kali- en OEB-gehalte een tekort aan magnesium bij deze dieren ontstaat met als gevolg melkziekte, kopziekte of doodgeboren kalveren

Is Neolithic land use correlated with demography? An evaluation of pollen-derived land cover and radiocarbon-inferred demographic change from Central Europe

The transformation of natural landscapes in Middle Europe began in the Neolithic as a result of the introduction of food-producing economies. This paper examines the relation between land-cover and demographic change in a regionally restricted case study. The study area is the Western Lake Constance area which has very detailed palynological as well as archaeological records. We compare land-cover change derived from nine pollen records using a pseudo-biomisation approach with 14C date probability density functions from archaeological sites which serve as a demographic proxy. We chose the Lake Constance area as a regional example where the pollen signal integrates a larger spatial pattern. The land-cover reconstructions for this region show first notable impacts at the Middle to Young Neolithic transition. The beginning of the Bronze Age is characterised by increases of arable land and pasture/meadow, whereas the deciduous woodland decreases dramatically. Changes in the land-cover classes show a correlation with the 14C density curve: the correlation is best with secondary woodland in the Young Neolithic which reflects the lake shore settlement dynamics. In the Early Bronze Age, the radiocarbon density correlates with open land-cover classes, such as pasture, meadow and arable land, reflecting a change in the land-use strategy. The close overall correspondence between the two archives implies that population dynamics and land-cover change were intrinsically linked. We therefore see human impact as a key driver for vegetation change in the Neolithic. Climate might have an influence on vegetation development, but the changes caused by human land use are clearly detectable from Neolithic times, at least in these densely settled, mid-altitude landscapes

The cognitive and neural basis of option generation and subsequent choice

Decision-making research has thoroughly investigated how people choose from a set of externally provided options. However, in ill-structured real-world environments, possible options for action are not defined by the situation but have to be generated by the agent. Here, we apply behavioral analysis (Study 1) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (Study 2) to investigate option generation and subsequent choice. For this purpose, we employ a new experimental task that requires participants to generate options for simple real-world scenarios and to subsequently decide among the generated options. Correlational analysis with a cognitive test battery suggests that retrieval of options from long-term memory is a relevant process during option generation. The results of the fMRI study demonstrate that option generation in simple real-world scenarios recruits the anterior prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, we show that choice behavior and its neural correlates differ between self-generated and externally provided options. Specifically, choice between self-generated options is associated with stronger recruitment of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. This impact of option generation on subsequent choice underlines the need for an expanded model of decision making to accommodate choice between self-generated options