Chiral Phase Transitions in QCD at Finite Temperature: Hard-Thermal-Loop Resummed Dyson-Schwinger Equation in the Real Time Formalism

Chiral phase transition in thermal QCD is studied by using the Dyson-Schwinger (DS) equation in the real time hard thermal loop approximation. Our results on the critical temperature and the critical coupling are significantly different from those in the preceding analyses in the ladder DS equation, showing the importance of properly taking into account the essential thermal effects, namely the Landau damping and the unstable nature of thermal quasiparticles.Comment: 4 pages including 2 figures (ps file), to appear in the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark-Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP-2001), 26-30 November 2001, Jaipur, Indi

Improved hard-thermal-loop effective action for hot QED and QCD

The conventional results for hard thermal loops, which are the building blocks of resummed perturbation theory in thermal field theories, have collinear singularities when external momenta are light-like. It is shown that by taking into account asymptotic thermal masses these singularities are removed. The thus improved hard thermal loops can be summarized by compact gauge-invariant effective actions, generalizing the ones found by Taylor and Wong, and by Braaten and Pisarski.Comment: 21 pages, LaTeX, requires elsart.sty and epsf.sty, 1 postscript figure, compressed and uuencoded, (new reference [9] added

The effects of work-integrated learning on undergraduate sports coaching students’ perceived self-efficacy

This study examined the effects of a work-integrated learning (WIL) placement on student\u27s self-efficacy and perceived workplace skill levels. Twenty-eight participants volunteered for this study, in which 15 completed WIL and 13 did not (non-WIL). The Work Self-Efficacy Inventory (WS-Ei) and Workplace Skills Questionnaire (WSQ) were used to collect student responses. Differences between groups were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test, mean differences were shown, and statistical significance was set at p \u3c 0.05. Results from the WS-Ei indicated the WIL group shown significantly higher total WS-Ei scores, higher mean scores for all dimensions measured, and significantly higher scores for individual dimensions; problem-solving, politics, pressure and role expectations. The WSQ indicated the WIL group had higher mean scores for all perceived workplace skills, except for information technology, and no significant differences was observed between groups. Areas showing little difference between groups can be highlighted for further support and development

Gauge Independence of Limiting Cases of One-Loop Electron Dispersion Relation in High-Temperature QED

Assuming high temperature and taking subleading temperature dependence into account, gauge dependence of one-loop electron dispersion relation is investigated in massless QED at zero chemical potential. The analysis is carried out using a general linear covariant gauge. The equation governing the gauge dependence of the dispersion relation is obtained and used to prove that the dispersion relation is gauge independent in the limiting case of momenta much larger than $eT$. It is also shown that the effective mass is not influenced by the leading temperature dependence of the gauge dependent part of the effective self-energy. As a result the effective mass, which is of order $eT$, does not receive a correction of order $e^2T$ from one loop, independent of the gauge parameter.Comment: Revised and enlarged version, 14 pages, Revte

ATTITUDINAL TRAINING AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN DEVOLVED SYSTEM OF GOVERNANCE IN KENYA: A CASE OF NYAMIRA COUNTY ASSEMBLY

Public organizations seek to improve the performance of their employees so that they can provide public service both effectively and efficiently. This study examined the use of attitudinal training to enhance employee performance at the Nyamira County Assembly. The study sought to investigate the factors necessitating the adoption of attitudinal training to enhance employee performance at the Nyamira County Assembly. The Kirkpatrick model was used to generate a framework for examining the effectiveness of the attitudinal training at the County Assembly concerning the enhancement of employees’ performance. Descriptive research design and correlation research designs informed data collection and analysis in the study. Stratified sampling was used, dividing the target population of staffers at the County Assembly into two strata based on their contractual and non-contractual status. Purposive sampling was used to determine whether 12 participants were interviewed. A total of 112 questionnaires were distributed to the rest of the staff at the County Assembly. The quantitative data was analzyed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative data was analyzed using the thematic analysis process. Logistical and ethical considerations regarding budgeting and research timeline were taken into consideration, while ethical considerations included confidentiality, anonymity, and informed consent. The study found that the adoption of attitudinal training and employee performance was statistical significance. The findings revealed that attitudinal training content and employee performance were statistically significant. The study established that the training content that contributed to employee performance includes content on customer service, communication skills, ethics and integrity, and leadership skills. To enhance employee performance, the study recommends that organizations should ensure that the training programs inculcate attitudinal training content including customer care, communication skills, ethics and integrity, and leadership skills.  Article visualizations

Curriculum Content, Placement, and Alignment: From Textbooks to Education Standards and Assessments

The dominant role of textbooks in curriculum planning and development as well as in content grade placement and alignment goes without question

Soft Photon Production Rate in Resummed Perturbation Theory of High Temperature QCD

We calculate the production rate of soft real photons from a hot quark -- gluon plasma using Braaten -- Pisarski's perturbative resummation method. To leading order in the QCD coupling constant $g$ we find a logarithmically divergent result for photon energies of order $gT$, where $T$ is the plasma temperature. This divergent behaviour is due to unscreened mass singularities in the effective hard thermal loop vertices in the case of a massless external photon.Comment: 13 pages (2 figures not included), PLAINTEX, LPTHE-Orsay 93/46, BI-TP 93/5

Physical fitness improvements of 8-week light vs. heavy tyreflip training in young adults

This study compared the effects of eight-week tyre flipping training intervention using light and heavy tyres on physical fitness performance. Twenty-nine young physically active males were divided into light (n = 15) and heavy (n = 14) tyre flipping groups evenly according to body weight and height. Body-to-tyre weight ratios were 0.61 ± 0.06 for the light tyre (LTTG) and 1.51 ± 0.16 for the heavy tyre training (HTTG) groups. Fitness parameters were measured before and after the intervention. One-way ANCOVA analysis indicated no significant between-group differences when pre-test values were controlled. Both groups demonstrated within-group improvements in 6RM bench press (ES: 0.98 in LTTG and 1.10 in HTTG), intermittent endurance (ES: 0.45 in LTTG and 0.66 in HTTG), five horizontal jumps (ES: 0.35 in LTTG and 0.26 in HTTG), and agility (ES: 0.34 in LTTG and 0.41 in HTTG). Both groups improved tyre flipping efficiency, through decreasing average set duration and work-rest ratios in the first six training sessions, and reached a plateau starting from the 7th training session. This study provides the first empirical evidence for coaches to justify usage of tyre flip training and the timing to progressive overload for a population with limited weight training and no tyre flip training experience

Thermal quark production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions

We calculate thermal production of u, d, s, c and b quarks in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions. The following processes are taken into account: thermal gluon decay (g to ibar i), gluon fusion (g g to ibar i), and quark-antiquark annihilation (jbar j to ibar i), where i and j represent quark species. We use the thermal quark masses, $m_i^2(T)\simeq m_i^2 + (2g^2/9)T^2$, in all the rates. At small mass ($m_i(T)<2T$), the production is largely dominated by the thermal gluon decay channel. We obtain numerical and analytic solutions of one-dimensional hydrodynamic expansion of an initially pure glue plasma. Our results show that even in a quite optimistic scenario, all quarks are far from chemical equilibrium throughout the expansion. Thermal production of light quarks (u, d and s) is nearly independent of species. Heavy quark (c and b) production is quite independent of the transition temperature and could serve as a very good probe of the initial temperature. Thermal quark production measurements could also be used to determine the gluon damping rate, or equivalently the magnetic mass.Comment: 14 pages (latex) plus 6 figures (uuencoded postscript files); CERN-TH.7038/9

Leadership Style and Teachers Commitment in Public Primary Schools in Bomet County, Kenya

The objective of this study was twofold. First was to establish the leadership style adopted by head teachers in public primary schools in Bomet County. Second was to investigate the influence of head teachers’ leadership style on teachers’ commitment. 100 teachers from twenty schools in three sub-counties participated in the survey. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Teachers perceived their head teachers to practice transformational leadership more than transactional leadership approaches. The overall commitment of teachers was moderate. Affective and normative commitment was moderate implying that teachers fairly identified and feel obliged to continue serving with the school or teaching profession. The low mean scores of Affective Commitment imply that teachers have low appreciation and emotional attachment to the schools or teaching profession. The study further revealed positive correlations between a transformational leadership and normative commitment of teachers. There was also a positive correlation between transactional leadership style and affective commitment. The low correlation between variables was attributed to other factors which may be overwhelming such as the poor working environment and lack or limited teaching tools. It is recommended that a combination of both transformational and transactional leadership attributes should be used in order to bring out the best positive influence on teachers commitment. It is further recommended that the working environment in public primary schools be improved by provision of basic facilities and tools. Institutional Leadership will have substantive impact in an environment where basic and minimum facilities are provided. Keywords: Leadership style, Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Laissez-faire leadership, Commitment