58 research outputs found
Unitary equivalence between ordinary intelligent states and generalized intelligent states
Ordinary intelligent states (OIS) hold equality in the Heisenberg uncertainty
relation involving two noncommuting observables {A, B}, whereas generalized
intelligent states (GIS) do so in the more generalized uncertainty relation,
the Schrodinger-Robertson inequality. In general, OISs form a subset of GISs.
However, if there exists a unitary evolution U that transforms the operators
{A, B} to a new pair of operators in a rotation form, it is shown that an
arbitrary GIS can be generated by applying the rotation operator U to a certain
OIS. In this sense, the set of OISs is unitarily equivalent to the set of GISs.
It is the case, for example, with the su(2) and the su(1,1) algebra that have
been extensively studied particularly in quantum optics. When these algebras
are represented by two bosonic operators (nondegenerate case), or by a single
bosonic operator (degenerate case), the rotation, or pseudo-rotation, operator
U corresponds to phase shift, beam splitting, or parametric amplification,
depending on two observables {A, B}.Comment: published version, 4 page
Unitary equivalence between ordinary intelligent states and generalized intelligent states
Ordinary intelligent states (OIS) hold equality in the Heisenberg uncertainty
relation involving two noncommuting observables {A, B}, whereas generalized
intelligent states (GIS) do so in the more generalized uncertainty relation,
the Schrodinger-Robertson inequality. In general, OISs form a subset of GISs.
However, if there exists a unitary evolution U that transforms the operators
{A, B} to a new pair of operators in a rotation form, it is shown that an
arbitrary GIS can be generated by applying the rotation operator U to a certain
OIS. In this sense, the set of OISs is unitarily equivalent to the set of GISs.
It is the case, for example, with the su(2) and the su(1,1) algebra that have
been extensively studied particularly in quantum optics. When these algebras
are represented by two bosonic operators (nondegenerate case), or by a single
bosonic operator (degenerate case), the rotation, or pseudo-rotation, operator
U corresponds to phase shift, beam splitting, or parametric amplification,
depending on two observables {A, B}.Comment: published version, 4 page
Genomic and Resistome Analyses of <em>Elizabethkingia anophelis</em> Strain B2D isolated from Dental Plaque of Patient
\ua9 2024, HH Publisher. All rights reserved.In this study, strain B2D isolated from a dental plaque sample of a human patient was studied for its general characteristics, taxonomic identification, genome features, and resistome profile. The bacterium exhibited antibiotic resistance to all beta-lactam antibiotics, nitrofuran, and sulfonamides, with high minimum inhibitory concentrations. It was only sensitive to the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin and intermediately susceptible to aminoglycoside tobramycin. A preliminary identification through 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that it shared the highest sequence identity with Elizabethkingia anophelis subsp. endophytica JM-87T (100%) and Elizabethkingia anophelis subsp. anophelis R26T (99.31%). The draft genome of strain B2D was approximately 3.9 Mbp with 50 contigs and 35.5% GC content. A 16S rRNA gene and core genes-based phylogenetic analyses revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between strain B2D and the other Elizabethkingia type strains. An above species level threshold average nucleotide identity value confirmed its taxonomic identity as Elizabethkingia anophelis. Furthermore, we conducted a resistome analysis of strain B2D and Elizabethkingia type strains, revealing the presence of widespread antibiotic resistance genes, including beta-lactamases and genes associated with cationic antiseptic resistance and glycopeptide resistance. Overall, the multidrug resistant profile of strain B2D as elucidated and confirmed through whole genome analysis indicated its potential as a reservoir of beta-lactamase genes. Moreover, its presence within dental plaque in the human oral cavity prompts speculation regarding its role as an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals
Dicke-Type Energy Level Crossings in Cavity-Induced Atom Cooling: Another Superradiant Cooling
This paper is devoted to energy-spectral analysis for the system of a
two-level atom coupled with photons in a cavity. It is shown that the
Dicke-type energy level crossings take place when the atom-cavity interaction
of the system undergoes changes between the weak coupling regime and the strong
one. Using the phenomenon of the crossings we develop the idea of
cavity-induced atom cooling proposed by the group of Ritsch, and we lay
mathematical foundations of a possible mechanism for another superradiant
cooling in addition to that proposed by Domokos and Ritsch. The process of our
superradiant cooling can function well by cavity decay and by control of the
position of the atom, at least in (mathematical) theory, even if there is
neither atomic absorption nor atomic emission of photons.Comment: 15 pages; 8 figure
Qualitative aspects of entanglement in the Jaynes-Cummings model with an external quantum field
We present a mathematical procedure which leads us to obtain analytical
solutions for the atomic inversion and Wigner function in the framework of the
Jaynes-Cummings model with an external quantum field, for any kinds of cavity
and driving fields. Such solutions are expressed in the integral form, with
their integrands having a commom term that describes the product of the
Glauber-Sudarshan quasiprobability distribution functions for each field, and a
kernel responsible for the entanglement. Considering two specific initial
states of the tripartite system, the formalism is then applied to calculate the
atomic inversion and Wigner function where, in particular, we show how the
detuning and amplitude of the driving field modify the entanglement. In
addition, we also obtain the correctComment: 15 pages and 21 figure
A model for describing and maximising Security Knowledge Sharing to enhance security awareness
Employees play a crucial role in enhancing information security in the workplace, and this requires everyone having the requisite security knowledge and know-how. To maximise knowledge levels, organisations should encourage and facilitate Security Knowledge Sharing (SKS) between employees. To maximise sharing, we need first to understand the mechanisms whereby such sharing takes place and then to encourage and engender such sharing. A study was carried out to test the applicability of Transactive Memory Systems Theory in describing knowledge sharing in this context, which confirmed its applicability in this domain. To encourage security knowledge sharing, the harnessing of Self-Determination Theory was proposedâ satisfying employee autonomy, relatedness and competence needs to maximise sharing. Such sharing is required to improve and enhance employee security awareness across organisations. We propose a model to describe the mechanisms for such sharing as well as the means by which it can be encouraged
General theory for spontaneous emission in active dielectric microstructures: Example of a fiber amplifier
Bromodeoxyuridine Labeling Index as an Indicator of Early Tumor Response to Preoperative Radiotherapy in Patients with Rectal Cancer
PURPOSE: Assessment of tumor proliferation rate using Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index (BrdUrdLI) as a possible predictor of rectal cancer response to preoperative radiotherapy (RT). METHODS AND MATERIAL: Ninety-two patients were qualified either to short RT (5 Gy/fraction/5 days) and surgery about 1 week after RT (schedule I), or to short RT and 4â5 weeks interval before surgery (schedule II). Tumor samples were taken twice from each patient: before RT and at the time of surgery. The samples were incubated with BrdUrd for 1 h at 37°C, and the BrdUrdLI was calculated as a percentage of BrdUrd-labeled cells. RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients were treated according to schedule I and 54 patients according to schedule II. Mean BrdUrdLI before RT was 8.5% and its value did not differ between the patients in the two compared groups. After RT tumors showed statistically significant growth inhibition (reduction of BrdUrdLI). As the pretreatment BrdUrd LI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response, prognostic role of the ratio of BrdUrdLI after to BrdUrdLI before RT was considered. The ratios were calculated separately for fast (BrdUrd LIâ>â8.5%) and slowly (BrdUrd LIââ€â8.5%) proliferating tumors and correlated with overall treatment time (OTT, i.e., time from the first day of RT to surgery). One month after RT, accelerated proliferation was observed only in slowly proliferating tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment BrdUrdLI was not predictive for early clinical and pathologic tumor response. The ratio after/before RT BrdUrdLI was correlated to inhibition of proliferation in responsive tumors
Replacement of Marine Fish Oil with de novo Omega-3 Oils from Transgenic Camelina sativa in Feeds for Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.)
Omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential components of the diet of all vertebrates and. The major dietary source of n-3 LC-PUFA for humans has been fish and seafood but, paradoxically, farmed fish are also reliant on marine fisheries for fish meal and fish oil (FO), traditionally major ingredients of aquafeeds. Currently, the only sustainable alternatives to FO are vegetable oils, which are rich in C18 PUFA, but devoid of the eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) abundant in FO. Two new n-3 LC-PUFA sources obtained from genetically modified (GM) Camelina sativa containing either EPA alone (ECO) or EPA and DHA (DCO) were compared to FO and wild-type camelina oil (WCO) in juvenile sea bream. Neither ECO nor DCO had any detrimental effects on fish performance, although final weight of ECO-fed fish (117 g) was slightly lower than that of FO- and DCO-fed fish (130 and 127 g, respectively). Inclusion of the GM-derived oils enhanced the n-3 LC-PUFA content in fish tissues compared to WCO, although limited biosynthesis was observed indicating accumulation of dietary fatty acids. The expression of genes involved in several lipid metabolic processes, as well as fish health and immune response, in both liver and anterior intestine were altered in fish fed the GM-derived oils. This showed a similar pattern to that observed in WCO-fed fish reflecting the hybrid fatty acid profile of the new oils. Overall the data indicated that the GM-derived oils could be suitable alternatives to dietary FO in sea bream
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