Activités anti-radicalaires de l'huile essentielle et des extraits bruts de Thymus numidicus Poiret., Algérie

Thymus numidicus Poiret. (Lamiaceae) est une plante largement utilisée en médecine traditionnelle algérienne pour ses propriétés thérapeutiques. Le but de ce travail est d'évaluer l'activité antioxydante de l'huile essentielle ainsi que plusieurs extraits bruts (dichlorométhane, méthanol, méthanol-eau 5:1 v/v, et l'infusé) du Thymus numidicus Poiret. récolté à Annaba (Algérie). L'activité antioxydante a été estimée par deux méthodes photométriques, la méthode de DPPH et celle de réduction du peroxyde d'hydrogène. Les résultats ont révélé que les deux extraits méthanol et méthanol-eau 5:1 ont exercé une forte activité de piégeage des radicaux libres DPPH en comparaison avec le BHT ainsi qu'une haute capacité de blocage du peroxyde d'hydrogène en comparaison avec les contrôles positifs de l'acide gallique et l'acide caféique.Mots-clés : Thymus numidicus, extraits bruts, activité antioxydante. Anti-radical activities of essential oil and crude extracts of Thymus numidicus Poiret., AlgeriaThymus numidicus Poiret. (Lamiaceae) is a plant widely used in Algerian traditional medicine. The aim of this work was to assess the antioxidant activity of the volatile compounds as well as different crude extracts (dichloromethane, methanol, methanol-water 5:1 v/v, infusion) of the endemic Thymus numidicus Poiret. collected from Annaba city (Algeria). The antioxidant activity was estimated by two fluorimetric methods, the DPPH method and the hydrogen peroxide scavenging method. The results revealed that methanol and methanol water 5:1 v/v extracts exerted very high free radical scavenging activity compared to the well-known butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and high hydrogen peroxide blocking activity than positive controls gallic acid and caffeic acid.Keywords : Thymus numidicus, crude extracts, anioxidant activity

Adjusting Overall Survival Estimates after Treatment Switching: a Case Study in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Background If patients in oncology trials receive subsequent therapy, standard intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses may inaccurately estimate the overall survival (OS) effect of the investigational product. In this context, a post-hoc analysis of the phase 3 PREVAIL study was performed with the aim to compare enzalutamide with placebo in terms of OS, adjusting for potential confounding from switching to antineoplastic therapies that are not part of standard metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treatment pathways in some jurisdictions. Methods The PREVAIL study, which included 1717 chemotherapy-naïve men with mCRPC randomized to treatment with enzalutamide 160 mg/day or placebo, was stopped after a planned interim survival analysis revealed a benefit in favor of enzalutamide. Data from this cutoff point were confounded by switching from both arms and so were evaluated in terms of OS using two switching adjustment methods: the two-stage accelerated failure time model (two-stage method) and inverse probability of censoring weights (IPCW). Results Following adjustment for switching to nonstandard antineoplastic therapies by 14.8 (129/872 patients) and 21.3% (180/845 patients) of patients initially randomized to enzalutamide and placebo, respectively, the two-stage and IPCW methods both resulted in numerical reductions in the hazard ratio (HR) for OS [HR 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.57–0.81 and HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.75, respectively] for enzalutamide compared to placebo versus the unadjusted ITT analysis (HR 0.71, 95% CI 0.60–0.84). These results suggest a slightly greater effect of enzalutamide on OS than originally reported. Conclusion In the PREVAIL study, switching to nonstandard antineoplastic mCRPC therapies resulted in the ITT analysis of primary data underestimating the benefit of enzalutamide on OS

Impact of Enzalutamide on Skeletal Related Events (Sres), Pain and Quality of Life (Qol) in the Prevail Trial

n/

Dittany of Crete: A botanical and ethnopharmacological review

Origanum dictamnus (Lamiaceae family), an endemic plant of the Greek island of Crete, is widely used as a traditional medicine since antiquity, all over Europe. The aim of the present review is to present comprehensive information of the plant's botanical taxonomy and morphology, as well as of the chemical constituents, biological and pharmacological research on O. dictamnus, which will be presented and critically evaluated. The paper also highlights particularly interesting aspects and common medicinal uses not previously described in the specific ethnobotanical literature. An increasing number of chemical and pharmacological studies have been reported recently. , some of which strongly support its traditional medicinal uses against various illnesses such as sore throat, cough and gastric ulcer. A variety of compounds, including flavonoids, lipids and terpenoids (mainly carvacrol and thymol) have been identified from the plant. Current studies have showed that the extracts, the essential oil, as well as their active principles possess several pharmacological properties, like antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-ulcer ones. The recent scientific data and the rich historical evidence of its medicinal uses could support further research as well as its use as a safe herbal medicinal product. © 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd