Mobile Ferry Ticketing Reservation For Ferry Line Langkawi Ferry Services Sdn. Bhd. In Kuala Perlis

Telecommunications, the Internet and the mobile computing are integrating their technologies to form a new business called Mobile Commerce. With the Mobile Commerce (M-Commerce) and Mobile Ticketing reservation, services can be obtained easily at any time in any location. This research introduces a prototype "Mobile Ferry Ticketing Reservation Application (MFTRA) for Ferry Line Langkawi Ferry Services Sdn. Bhd. (or LFS) in Kuala Perlis" that provides the customers with the service of reserving tickets for the ferry without having to go to the sale point in Kuala Perlis. By using this prototype, customers can easily get necessary information for ticketing such as the ferry time table by using their mobile devices. So, they can save their time and effort. The findings of the study revealed that the users are satisfied with the MFTRA prototype. This study also proposed future works

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of a Sudanese Herbal Plant (Piliostigma reticulatum)

Background: Piliostigma reticulatum is a plant that is found in a wide area of SaheloSudanian region of Africa. It is widely used in Africa as a traditional medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases including epilepsy, anxiety, and agitation. The leaf extract was found to have antimicrobial activity. In Sudan (Nuba mountains in particular), it is widely used to dress new wounds and as well puerperal sepsis.Moreover it’s fruit is eaten and used to prepare juice. Reported studies concerning antimicrobial activity of the plant in Sudan could not be found. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial action of Ethanolic and Aqueous extract of leaves and barks of the plant. Methods: Barks and leaves of P. reticulatum were obtained from North Kordofan State. They were then air dried in the shade and milled into powder using Mortar. Methanolic and water extract of each part of the plant was prepared using a Soxhlet apparatus. The following concentrations of extracts of each part (bark and leaves)of the plant were prepared using Distilled water (50 mg/ml, 25 mg/ml, 12.5 mg/ml, 6.25 mg/ml, 3.125 mg/ml, and 1.56 mg/ml). Antimicrobial action of the different concentrations of the extracts of the two parts of the plant on selected bacterial and fungal species was performed using well diffusion technique. Antimicrobialsusceptibility of the tested organisms to serial concentrations (40 µg, 20 µg, 10 µg, and 5 µg) of three antibacterial (Gentamicin, Ampicillin, and Tetracycline) and 2 antifungal (Nystatin and clotrimazole) was evaluated using well diffusion method. Results: The methanolic extract of P. reticulatum leaves showed high antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (inhibition zone 22 mm), S. aureus (25 mm), P.aeruginosa (23 mm), and E.coli (20 mm). The extract also showed antifungal activity against A. niger (23 mm) and C. albicans (23 mm). The aqueous extract revealed low activity against P. aeruginosa (10 mm) and no action on the rest of the microorganisms

Evaluation de l’activité du cadmium, en présence du zinc, sur les structures des tissus régulateurs du métabolisme chez le rat Wistar

Le sulfate de Cadmium (CdSO4) et le chlorure de Zinc (ZnCl2) ont des effets antagonistes. Le Cd est connu pour son effet nécrotique et le Zn pour son rôle protecteur. L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer les effets de l’exposition au Cd sur l’histologie du foie et des reins chez des rats Wistar en présence du Zn. L’étude a porté sur 16 rats, âgés de 4 mois, qui ont été subdivisés en 4 groupes de 4 rats, le 1er groupe recevait par voie orale du Cd (0,15 mg/ kg de poids corporel) pendant un mois, le second groupe a été exposé au Zn à la même dose, un 3e groupe recevait un mélange (Cd-Zn) et le 4e groupe était le témoin recevant de l’eau de robinet dans les même conditions. Les résultats ont montré que  l’exposition des rats au Cd a induit une diminution de leur poids corporel. L’examen histologique, chez les rats exposés au Cd, a révélé des désorganisations cellulaires, des atypies cyto-nucléaires et des nécroses au niveau des tissus hépatiques et rénaux. Par ailleurs, les animaux ayant reçu du Zn ou un mélange Cd-Zn ont préservé l’intégrité de l’organisation cellulaire et nucléaire de leur tissu. L’exposition au Cd était responsable de l’apparition d’importants changements morphologique et histologique chez le rat mais la présence du Zn a atténué partiellement les effets toxiques induits par le Cd.Mots clés : Cadmium, zinc, antagonistes, foie, reins, histologie

Understanding common errors in solving math problems on systems of linear equations with two variables: A study of 8th grade students

This study aimed to identify the types of mistakes students made in solving SPLDV problems based on the Kastolan technique and why they made these mistakes. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach which was carried out at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon. The research subjects were 2 students of eighth grade who were selected based on the completeness of the answers and the answers were then examined and analyzed. Data was collected using documentation, interviews, observations, and tests. The instruments used were observation sheets, tests, unstructured interview guidelines. The data were then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study are that there are two categories of errors that are mostly made by students when solving SPLDV problems, namely conceptual and technical errors. This research is expected to be a reference for further research related to errors in solving SPLDV problems.Menurut wawancara dengan seorang siswa di SMPN 4 Sewon, dia mengaku bahwa meskipun dia tidak menyukai pelajaran matematika, dia menyukai materi SPLDV. Namun, siswa terus mengungkapkan rasa frustrasi dengan pertanyaan SPLDV. Hal ini juga dipengaruhi oleh gaya mengajar guru yang menurut siswa kurang efektif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis kesalahan yang sering dilakukan siswa saat menggunakan teknik Kastolan dengan konten SPLDV. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. SMP Negeri 4 Sewon menjadi tempat penelitian ini. 2 subjek dari 31 siswa pada kelas VIII di SMPN 4 Sewon dijadikan sebagai subjek penelitian. Peneliti mengambil dua pekerjaan siswa untuk di teliti dan dianalisis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah masih ada siswa yang melakukan kesalahan dalam menyelesaikan soal SPLDV. Terdapat dua kategori kesalahan yang banyak  dilakukan, siswa yaitu konseptual dan teknis, pada soal nomor 2. Efek dari kesalahan subjek pada kelemahan konseptual dan teknis akan berpengaruh pada hasil akhir yang gagal

Improved peroxide biosensor based on Horseradish Peroxidase/Carbon Nanotube on a thiol-modified gold electrode

A new 3-dimensional (3D) network of crosslinked Horseradish Peroxidase/Carbon Nanotube (HRP/CNT) on a thiol-modified Au surface has been described in order to build up the effective electrical wiring of the enzyme units with the electrode. The synthesized 3D HRP/CNT network has been characterized with cyclic voltammetry and amperometry which results the establishment of direct electron transfer between the redox active unit of HRP and the Au surface. Electrochemical measurements reveal that the high biological activity and stability is exhibited by the immobilized HRP and a quasi-reversible redox peak of the redox centre of HRP was observed at about −0.355 and −0.275 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The electron transfer rate constant, KS and electron transfer co-efficient α were found as 0.57 s−1 and 0.42, respectively. Excellent electrocatalytic activity for the reduction of H2O2 was exhibited by the developed biosensor. The proposed biosensor modified with HRP/CNT 3D network displays a broader linear range and a lower detection limit for H2O2 determination. The linear range is from 1.0 × 10−7 to 1.2 × 10−4 M with a detection limit of 2.2.0 × 10−8 M at 3 σ. The Michaelies–Menten constant Kapp M value is estimated to be 0.19 mM. Moreover, this biosensor exhibits very high sensitivity, good reproducibility and long-time stability

Recent advances in gold nanoparticles modified electrodes in electrochemical nonenzymatic sensing of chemical and biological compounds

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) are extensively used nanomaterials that have profound relation with diverse sensor development, catalysis and drug delivery due to their remarkable electrochemical properties. It plays its role as the main catalyst, catalyst support, signal amplifier and electrochemical probe during sensing. Here in this review, we have summarised the recently reported nonenzymatic gold nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensing of different chemical and biological molecules. Although there are numerous conventional methods for detecting these compounds, those detection methods are quite complex, costly, and time-consuming. Gold nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensors have emerged as committed alternatives that address these issues while providing a rapid and highly sensitive detection system. Additionally, enzyme-free sensors reduce the shortcomings of enzymatic sensors, accelerating the widespread use of electrochemical sensors. This review will provide information on the process of combining of Au NPs with other molecules during electrode fabrication and the role of Au NPs in chemical and biological molecule detection. The electrocatalytic mechanisms associated with detection are also discussed. Numerous tables summarise critical features, including electrode composition, detection limits (LOD), linear ranges, and real-time applications. The attached schematic tree diagram will give an idea of what other molecule groups can be combined with gold nanoparticles to fabricate the sensor. We hope that this in-depth assessment of gold nanoparticles-based electrochemical sensors will contribute to a better understanding of the role and behaviour of Au NPs in sensing systems and hence to future advanced research

Applications of nanomaterials for biosensor fabrication based on redox enzyme and protein: A mini-review

Redox enzyme and protein modified biosensors are commercially triumphant bioelectronic devices used in the point-of-care analysis. The use of nanotechnology derived nanomaterials during enzyme immobilization creates a synergistic effect by integrating recognition and catalytic properties with the electronic properties of nanomaterials. This synergy improves the sensitivity, conductivity stability, surface-to-volume ratio, selectivity, detection limit and other analytical features. This critical review focuses on the redox enzymes and proteins most frequently used in glucose and hydrogen peroxide sensing, such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP), glucose oxidase (GOx), hemoglobin (HB), and cytochrome C (Cyt c). Besides, we evaluate the state of art of this approach, selection of nanomaterials, preparation and immobilization mechanisms, their role and sensing applications. Besides advantages, we have discussed the pressing challenges of developing these sensors. This review will guide the research community to develop rational and highly efficient nanomaterial immobilized biosensors

Applications of nanomaterials for biosensor fabrication based on redox enzyme and protein: A short review

Redox enzyme and protein modified biosensors are commercially triumphant bioelectronic devices used in the point-of-care analysis. The use of nanotechnology derived nanomaterials during enzyme immobilization creates a synergistic effect by integrating enzyme’s recognition and catalytic properties with the electronic properties of nanomaterials. This synergy improves the biosensor’s sensitivity, conductivity stability, surface-to-volume ratio, selectivity, detection limit and other analytical features. This critical review focuses on the redox enzymes and proteins most frequently used in glucose and hydrogen peroxide sensing, such as horseradish peroxidase (HRP), glucose oxidase (GOx), hemoglobin (HB), and cytochrome C (Cyt c). Besides, we evaluate the state of art of this approach, selection of nanomaterials, preparation and immobilization mechanisms, their role and sensing applications. Besides advantages, the discussions have discussed on the pressing challenges of developing these sensors. This review will guide the research community to develop rational and highly efficient nanomaterial immobilized biosensors

Evaluation of six cold-season turfgrasses responses to lead phytotoxicity for screening tolerant species

Lead (Pb) is one of the most hazardous heavy metal that caused serious problems for ecosystem at recent years. In this study, the effect of Pb on seed germination, incipient growth and antioxidant enzymes of six common used turfgrasses was investigated. The results showed that after implementation of different concentrations (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000 µM) of Pb, Agropyron elongatum exhibited the highest germination percentage (90%) under 3000 µM Pb, followed by Lollium perenne L. (85.56%). The lowest germination parameters including germination vigor, rate, index and germination percentage was found in Festuca ovina, which means it is the most sensitive species to Pb than the other studied turfgrasses. In contrast, F. rubra, F. ovina, A. elongatum and L. perenne had the most significant aerial growth and the lowest chlorophyll degradation even at high lead concentration. An increase in L. perenne and A. elongatum antioxidant enzymes activities as well as a decrease in F. ovina observed after exposure to 3000 µM Pb which correlated to their tolerance and sensitivity to Pb respectively. However, such increase in antioxidant activity was also found in F. Rubra and Poa pratensis but could not inhibit chlorophyll degradation and seedling growth retardation. It might support that there is suggesting the probable existence of a lead-injury mechanism rather than the oxidative stress. Overall, A. elongatum is introduced as the most tolerant turfgrass among studied ones, which could be cultivated in Pb-polluted sites