Estudo de associação genômica de prenhez pós-parto em vacas de corte

Foi avaliada a diversidade genética de nove marcadores moleculares, dos quais seis do tipo short tandem repeats - STR (BM4325, BMS3004, ILSTS002, IDVGA51, HEL5, AFZ1) e três do tipo single nucleotide polymorphisms - SNPs (LepSau3A1 A-B, LepSau3A1 1-2 e FSHRAlu1), ligados a genes envolvidos na reprodução e seus efeitos na performance reprodutiva. Foram examinadas amostras de sangue de 81 vacas sem raça definida, os animais foram classificados em dois grupos (vacas férteis e subférteis) baseado nas taxas de prenhez de duas estações reprodutivas. Alto nível de diversidade genética foi observado, revelando alto conteúdo de informação polimórfica, variando de 0,23 a 0,87 e heterozigosidade esperada de 27 a 89% com 62% em média. Os alelos mais frequentes foram BM4325 103*, BMS3004 129*, ILSTS002 137*, IDVGA51 177*, LEPSau3A1 A, LEPSau3A1 1, HEL5 149*, AFZ1 119* e FSHRAlu1 G. Os marcadores IDVGA51 e ILSTS002, ligados aos genes da leptina e LHβ, respectivamente, foram associados a performance reprodutiva. Esses dados suportam achados prévios que sugerem o potencial uso desses marcadores na seleção de animais com maior performance reprodutiva.The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity of nine molecular markers, six short tandem repeats - STRs (BM4325, BMS3004, ILSTS002, IDVGA51, HEL5, AFZ1) and three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; LepSau3A1 A-B, LepSau3A1 1-2, and FSHRAlu1), linked to genes involved in reproductive function and their possible effect on reproductive performance. For this purpose, 81 crossbred beef cows were used in this study. The animals were classified into two groups (fertile and sub-fertile cows) based on their pregnancy status after two breeding seasons. High genetic diversity level was observed highlighted by the polymorphic content information ranging 0.23 to 0.87 and expected heterozygosity from 27 to 89%, with an average of 62%. Alleles BM4325 103, BMS3004 129, ILSTS002 137, IDVGA51 177, LEPSau3A1 A, LEPSau3A1 1, HEL5 149, AFZ1 119 and FSHRAlu1 G presented high frequencies. Two STRs (IDVGA51 and ILSTS002), linked to Leptin and LHβ genes, respectively, were associated to reproductive performance. These data support previous findings suggesting the potential use of IDVGA51 and ILSTS002 STRs for reproductive performance selection

Intervención pedagógica de la fluidez y de la comprensión lectora en el 2º grado de primaria a través de talleres de mediación entre pares

Con el objetivo de generar mejoras en la fluidez (precisión, velocidad lectora, prosodia y automatización de la lectura) y la comprensión lectora en estudiantes, a través de un diseño cuasi experimental pre test post test con grupo control. Se realizó una intervención pedagógica basada en Talleres de Mediación Entre Pares en una muestra de estudiantes de 2º grado de Primaria de Lima (grupo experimental = 127, y grupo control = 169). Los instrumentos de medición aplicados fueron: la Rúbrica de Lectura Oral RELO (fluidez y la comprensión lectora en la lectura oral) de Medina (2013) y la Prueba de Complejidad Lingüística Progresiva Nivel 2 (comprensión lectora silenciosa) de Alliende, Condemarín y Milicic (2001). Las medidas de comparativas de post test señalan una mejora significativa (p<.001) tras la intervención en la fluidez lectora, la precisión, la automaticidad de la lectura; muy significativa (p<.01) en la prosodia, y ningún efecto significativo sobre la velocidad lectora. No obstante, se aprecian incrementos en los promedios de comprensión lectora en la lectura oral, y en la comprensión a nivel literal y a nivel reorganizativo, estos no alcanzan a ser significativos, sin embargo, los análisis sí señalan que la intervención mejoró la comprensión en el nivel inferencial (p<.001) y en el nivel crítico (p<.01); la comprensión lectora a nivel de la lectura silenciosa no observó una mejora significativa. Este estudio muestra la importancia y el impacto de la mediación entre pares para enriquecer los procesos de aprendizaje de la lectura en las primeras etapas, en especial en realidades con menor avance en el aprendizaje de la fluidez y de la comprensión lectora

In vitro maturation impacts cumulus–oocyte complex metabolism and stress in cattle

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOThe influence of in vitro maturation (IVM) in oocytes is still not totally understood. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of IVM on the metabolism and homeostasis of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes. In the present study, we demonstrated1546881893FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO2014/21034-32014/03281-32014/22887-02013/08135-22012/50533-2306978/2014-8The authors would like to thank the staff and students at the LMMD, Marcos Chiaratti, Gustavo Duarte, Marcel Nakashima, Hélio Alves Martins Júnior, José Luis Paz Jara, Patricia Kubo Fontes and Augusto de Castro Netto for their assistance with the sample

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Role of cell-secreted vesicles in equine ovarian follicle development, The

2013 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.Ovarian follicular development is a process responsible for generating a gamete and steroid hormones, which are important for reproduction and general health. Failure of intrafollicular cell communication is one of the causes behind infertility. Recently, cell-secreted vesicles (microvesicles and exosomes) were described as mediators of cell communication through the transfer of bioactive material such as protein, mRNA and miRNA. Cell-secreted vesicles are present in different body fluids. The overall hypothesis is that cell-secreted vesicles are present in ovarian follicular fluid and are involved in regulating TGF-&#946; signaling members during follicular development. In order to test this hypothesis we utilized the mare as an animal model due to the well described follicular dynamics and the easy access to sufficient experimental material. Firstly, we described the presence of microvesicles and exosomes in ovarian follicular fluid from pre-ovulatory follicles. Further we demonstrated the presence of cell-secreted vesicles markers such as miRNA and proteins. We also demonstrated that microvesicles are taken up by granulosa cell in vitro and in vivo. Secondly, we demonstrated the role of exosomes mediating regulation of TGF-&#946; signaling members during follicular development at mid-estrous and pre-ovulatory stages. Thirdly, we demonstrated association between relative levels of TGF-&#946; signaling members and exosomal miRNAs during follicular development in young and old mares. The data indicates that cell-secreted vesicles play an important role mediating cell proliferation and differentiation through the regulation of TGF-&#946; signaling members during follicular development

Extracellular Vesicles Mediated Early Embryo–Maternal Interactions

Embryo&ndash;maternal crosstalk is an important event that involves many biological processes, which must occur perfectly for pregnancy success. This complex communication starts from the zygote stage within the oviduct and continues in the uterus up to the end of pregnancy. Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are part of this communication and carry bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA. Small EVs are present in the oviductal and uterine fluid and have important functions during fertilization and early embryonic development. Embryonic cells are able to uptake oviductal and endometrium-derived small EVs. Conversely, embryo-derived EVs might modulate oviductal and uterine function. In this review, our aim is to demonstrate the role of extracellular vesicles modulating embryo&ndash;maternal interactions during early pregnancy