Constructionism, labor law and the waiver of rights/Construcionismo, lei do trabalho e renúncia de direitos

 Despite of the fact labor relations (from employees standpoint)are similar worlwide, the different legal systems accept (or not)the waiver of rights. This phenomenon can be explained through constuctionism, since  any concept will carry “values”, according to each society

The legal liability of laboratories in connection with the result of direct-to-consumer genetic tests (DTCs)

In view of the great solutions genetic engineering may offer in a context in which people’s fears, anxiety and expectations are challenged by the time legal systems take to adapt to contemporary society’s needs and bioethics struggle to set some boundaries, the purpose of this dissertation is to study the legal liability of laboratories in connection with the result of Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Tests (DTCs), which, offered to consumers without the intervention of a physician - and, until now, lacking of relevant regulation -, may cause hazardous impacts in people’s lives, besides reopen and stir polemic discussions surrounding modern DNA technology

Genetic and environmental factors involved in schizophrenia development

Due to its complexity, schizophrenia is an intriguing disorder being described as a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease. It is characterized by the presence of a psychotic behavior, unrealistic and disorganized thinking, and a marked social dysfunction. This disorder affects 1% of world population presenting a high impact at family level and huge expenditure on public health. In this paper we intend to perform a bibliographic search concerning the genetic and environmental risk factors involved in schizophrenia development. A bibliographic search was performed using the words: schizophrenia, genetic factors, non-genetic factors, multifactorial heritage. Criteria used in papers selection included the interest of the subject, limiting the search to scientific papers written in English or Portuguese, with publication date in a 10 years period or of previous years when the content and experimental evidences were relevant for the theme. As results of this search, it was seen that the genetic influence in this pathology is well stablished, however, the exact nature of the type of transmission is not clear yet. Several environmental factors involved in schizophrenia development have already been identified. Available data allow to conclude that, in most cases, the genetic component consists of multiple genes acting additively, being the genotype expressed only when the number of genes and non-genetic factors present is above a threshold number.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Genetic and environmental factors involved in schizophrenia development

Due to its complexity, schizophrenia is an intriguing disorder being described as a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease. It is characterized by the presence of a psychotic behavior, unrealistic and disorganized thinking, and a marked social dysfunction. This disorder affects 1% of world population presenting a high impact at family level and huge expenditure on public health. In this paper we intend to perform a bibliographic search concerning the genetic and environmental risk factors involved in schizophrenia development. A bibliographic search was performed using the words: schizophrenia, genetic factors, non-genetic factors, multifactorial heritage. Criteria used in papers selection included the interest of the subject, limiting the search to scientific papers written in English or Portuguese, with publication date in a 10 years period or of previous years when the content and experimental evidences were relevant for the theme. As results of this search, it was seen that the genetic influence in this pathology is well stablished, however, the exact nature of the type of transmission is not clear yet. Several environmental factors involved in schizophrenia development have already been identified. Available data allow to conclude that, in most cases, the genetic component consists of multiple genes acting additively, being the genotype expressed only when the number of genes and non-genetic factors present is above a threshold number.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Analysis of quality of life of the patient with advanced larynx cancer : total laryngectomy versus preservation of organs

Orientador: Carlos Takahiro ChoneTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Objetivo: Comparar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com câncer avançado de laringe asubmetidos à laringectomia total (LT) ou à preservação de órgãos (PO). Métodos: Trara-se de estudo prospectivo e randomizado. Quatorze pacientes (15 homens e 1 mulher) com 55,86 idade média (46-62 anos) foram incluídos e responderam ao Questionário de Qualidade de Vida da Universidade de Washington (UW-QOL) em momentos selecionados: pré-tratamento, 1, 3, 6, 12 e 24 meses após o tratamento. Pacientes com condições neurológicas associadas, cirurgia prévia de cabeça e pescoço ou neoplasia prévia em outra parte do corpo foram excluídos. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste exato de Fisher para variáveis categóricas, teste de Mann-Whitney para comparar idade e tempo de início do tratamento e modelos ANOVA para comparar grupos e tempos em relação à qualidade de vida. Resultados: O UW-QOL foi respondido por 14 pacientes sobreviventes (7 TL e 7 OP). Os tópicos de qualidade de vida que apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas foram: atividade (p = 0,0429), recreação (p = 0,0418), deglutição (p = 0,0007), mastigação (p = 0,077), fala (p <0,0001), paladar (p = 0,0239), humor (p = 0,0132) e qualidade de vida global (p = 0,0149). Com exceção do tópico fala, o grupo OP apresentou os piores escores de qualidade de vida do UW-QOL ao longo dos dois anos de tratamento. Conclusão: O seguimento em longo prazo de pacientes com câncer de laringe avançado demonstrou que o maior impacto na qualidade de vida ocorre após o tratamento de preservação de órgãos e, principalmente, nos meses próximos ao término do tratamentoAbstract: Purpose: To compare the quality of life of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer who were submitted to total laryngectomy (TL) or to organ preservation (OP). Methods: It was a prospective and randomized study. Fourteen patients (15 male and 1 female) with 55,86 mean age (46-62 years) were included and answered the University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL) at selected times: pretreatment, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-treatment. Patients with associated neurological conditions, previous head and neck surgery or previous neoplasia in another part of the body were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed by the Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, Mann-Whitney test to compare age and time of treatment start, and ANOVA models to compare groups and times in relation to quality of life. Results: UW QOL was completed by 14 surviving patients (7 TL and 7 OP). The topics of quality of life significant statistical differences related to activity (p = 0.0429), recreation (p = 0.0418), swallowing (p = 0.0007), chewing (p = 0.077), speech (p < 0.0001), taste (p = 0.0239), mood (p = 0.0132) and global quality of life (p = 0.0149). With the exception of the speech topic, the OP group presented the worst quality of life scores of UW-QOL over the two years of treatment. Conclusion: The long-term follow-up of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer showed that the greatest impact on quality of life occurs after organ preservation treatment and especially in the months close to the end of treatmentDoutoradoCiencias BiomedicasDoutora em Ciências Médicas142393-4/2014CAPE

The impact of postponing motherhood on women's income in Brazil

Este artigo investiga o impacto do adiamento da maternidade nos rendimentos das mulheres e na diferença de rendimento entre homens e mulheres no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, com base em dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013. Usando a abordagem Heckman (1979), os resultados sugeremque o adiamento da maternidade tem um impacto anual positivo de 1,55% sobre os rendimentos. Ao comparar homens e mulheres, os resultados sugerem que ser mulher gera uma penalidade de cerca de 22% nos rendimentos, mas o adiamento da maternidade pode eliminar essa diferença de gênero, principalmente para as mulheres brancas, amarelas e com ensino superior.This paper investigates the impact of the postponement of motherhood on women’s earnings and gender gap in Brazilian labor market, based on data from Brazilian National Health Survey of 2013. Using the Heckman (1979) approach, the results suggest that postponing motherhood has a positive impact of 1.55% on earnings each year of postponement. By comparing men and women, the results suggest that being a woman generates a wage penalty of approximately 22%, but the postponing of motherhood can eliminate that gender gap, especially for those who are white, yellow, and higher educated

Simbologia e Realismo no libreto de A Village Romeo and Juliet, de Frederick Delius

O presente artigo propõe a análise da ópera A Village Romeo and Juliet, de Frederick Delius, que a compôs e escreveu o libreto com base na novela de Gottfried Keller, Romeu e Julieta na aldeia (Romeo und Julia auf dem Dorfe), obra que integra o período da segunda metade do século XIX na Alemanha, conhecido como Realismo Poético. A análise se estrutura da seguinte maneira: primeiramente se retoma características gerais da narrativa de Romeu e Julieta na aldeia e seu posicionamento dentro do Realismo Poético. Já que a dimensão simbólica é um dos principais aspectos desta novela de Keller, no segundo capítulo é proposta a análise da releitura de tais símbolos na linguagem operística. O terceiro capítulo discute a relação entre os atributos realistas da ópera de Delius e sua atmosfera lírica e/ou simbólica. Por último, procura-se compreender como Delius elaborou um dos temas mais elevados da história da ópera: o Liebestod (morte de amor).This article proposes the analysis of the opera A Village Romeo and Juliet, by Frederick Delius, who composed it and wrote the libretto based on the novella by Gottfried Keller, A Village Romeo and Juliet (Romeo und Julia auf dem Dorfe), a work that integrates the period of the second half of the 19th century in Germany, known as Poetic Realism. The analysis is structured as follows: firstly, general characteristics of the narrative of A Village Romeo and Juliet are resumed and their positioning within Poetic Realism. Since the symbolic dimension is one of the main aspects of this novella by Keller, in the second chapter is proposed the analysis of the re-reading of such symbols in operatic language. The third chapter discusses the relationship between the realistic attributes of Delius' opera and its lyrical and / or symbolic atmosphere. Finally, it seeks to understand how Delius developed one of the highest themes in the history of opera: Liebestod (death of love)

Within-Breath Analysis of Respiratory Mechanics in Asthmatic Patients by Forced Oscillation

INTRODUCTION: The within-breath analysis of respiratory mechanics by the monofrequency Forced Oscillation Technique (mFOT) is of great interest in both physiopathology studies and the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. However, there are limited data on the use of this technique in the analysis of asthma. This study evaluates within-breath mechanics of asthmatic individuals and the contribution of the mFOT in the asthma diagnosis. METHODS: Twenty-two healthy and twenty-two asthmatic subjects, including patients with mild (n=8), moderate (n=8), and severe (n=6) obstruction, were studied. Forced Oscillation Technique data were interpreted using the mean respiratory impedance (Zt), the impedance during inspiration (Zi), expiration (Ze), at the beginning of inspiration (Zii), and at expiration (Zie). The peakto-peak impedance (Zpp) was also calculated by the subtraction of Zii from Zie. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of m Forced Oscillation Technique parameters in identifying asthma. RESULTS: Respiratory impedance values were significantly higher in asthmatics: Zt (p<0.001), Zi (p<0.001), Ze (p<0.001), Zii (p<0.001), Zie (p<0.001), and Zpp (p<0.003). The best parameters for detecting asthma were Zi, Zii, and Zie (Se=90.9%, Sp=90.9%), followed by Zt and Ze. These results are in close agreement with recently published theories and pathophysiological fundamentals. CONCLUSIONS: mFOT permits a non-invasive and detailed analysis in different phases of the respiratory cycle, providing parameters that are adequate for the diagnosis of asthma with high accuracy. These results confirm the high clinical and scientific potential of this methodology in the evaluation of asthmatic patients

Electrodeposition of gold from formaldehyde-sulfite baths: bath stability and deposits characterization

It was investigated Au(I)-sulfite baths containing formaldehyde. As a result, high stability was achieved for baths containing formaldehyde concentration close to 10 mL L-1 with a lifetime superior to 600 days. On the other hand, cyclic voltammograms indicated that the increase of formaldehyde concentration in the bath promotes decreasing of the maximum cathodic current, so that, if the formaldehyde concentration is high, the surface areal concentration of gold will be low. Also, the lowest surface roughness was obtained for 10 mL L-1 of formaldehyde.FAPESPCNP