Récepteur du Facteur de Croissance Epidermique("EGFR") dans les cancers du sein de mauvais pronostic (une cible thérapeutique potentielle en pratique clinique)

AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Méd/Odontol. (130552103) / SudocSudocFranceF

LES PRATIQUES CULTURELLES AU LUXEMBOURG : Volume 1/2 – Résultats de l'enquête Culture 2009

A l’instar des enquêtes menées au sein de la plupart des pays européens, le Ministère de la Culture a souhaité disposer à la fin des années 1990 d’une enquête sur les pratiques culturelles afin d’améliorer sa connaissance des publics de la culture. Cette première enquête, réalisée en 1999 par le CEPS/INSTEAD (Centre d’Etudes de Populations, de Pauvreté et de Politiques Socio-Economiques) a permis de dresser un état des lieux (représentatif) des différentes pratiques culturelles, médiatiques et activités socioculturelles de la population luxembourgeoise. En 2009, le Ministère de la Culture a souhaité réitérer l’enquête Pratiques culturelles au Luxembourg, dix ans après la première enquête du genre dans ce pays, assurant ici un premier suivi dans le temps de l’ensemble des activités de consommation ou de participation liées de près ou de loin à la vie intellectuelle et artistique du pays. Cette enquête s’est également engagée dans une description plus détaillée des univers culturels en interrogeant le rapport à l’art et à la culture non seulement sous l’angle des consommations culturelles (récurrence de la pratique), mais également d’un point de vue plus qualitatif, en introduisant la question des goûts et des préférences culturelles. Au final, plus d’une centaine de questions touchant aux pratiques culturelles, médiatiques et de loisirs ont été proposées à un échantillon représentatif de la population résidente luxembourgeoise âgée de plus de 15 ans, dans le cadre d’interviews menées en situation de face-à-face d’une durée moyenne d’une heure environ : 1880 questionnaires ont ainsi pu être récoltés. Nous renvoyons, concernant les méthodologies d’enquête et d’échantillonnage retenues, aux documents techniques remis au Ministère de la Culture. Le présent rapport présente les résultats détaillés de l'enquête Culture 2009

Treatment failure following excision therapy of CIN: the impact of ă direct colposcopic vision during procedure

International audienceTo assess whether the use of direct colposcopic vision during excision ă therapy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) has an impact on the ă risk of treatment failure. ă Data from 285 patients who had had excision therapy with proven CIN at ă specimen histological analysis were reviewed. Primary endpoint was the ă occurrence of post-treatment failure defined by the histological ă diagnosis of CIN 2-3 during follow-up. Data were analysed according to ă the use of colposcopy at the time of initial therapy of CIN. ă The use of direct colposcopic vision (DCV) resulted in a significant ă reduction in the mean height (p = 0.008) and diameter (p < 0.001) of the ă excised specimen. Patients' median follow-up was 28.4 (+/- 1.3) months. ă A total of 43 (15.2 %) patients were diagnosed with treatment failure. ă Compared to excisions performed without any use of colposcopy, DCV was ă not found to have any significant impact on the risk of treatment ă failure (HR: 0.58; 95 % CI 0.16-2.13, p = 0.412), neither when compared ă to excisions performed immediately after colposcopy (HR: 0.91; 95 % CI ă 0.47-1.79; p = 0.794). The only factors found to have a significant ă impact on the risk of treatment failure was the identification of clear ă margins (HR: 0.36; 95 %CI 0.19-0.69; p = 0.002) and the diameter of the ă surgical specimen (HR: 0.94; 95 %CI 0.89-0.99; p = 0.040). ă Although the use of DCV during excision therapy of CIN was associated ă with a significant reduction in the dimensions of the excised cervical ă specimen, it did not result in a significant change in the risk of ă treatment failure

Novel CXCL13 transgenic mouse: inflammation drives pathogenic effect of CXCL13 in experimental myasthenia gravis

International audienceAbnormal overexpression of CXCL13 is observed in many inflamed tissues and in particular in autoimmune diseases. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disease mainly mediated by anti-acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies. Thymic hyperplasia characterized by ectopic germinal centers (GCs) is a common feature in MG and is correlated with high levels of anti-AChR antibodies. We previously showed that the B-cell chemoattractant, CXCL13 is overexpressed by thymic epithelial cells in MG patients. We hypothesized that abnormal CXCL13 expression by the thymic epithelium triggered B-cell recruitment in MG. We therefore created a novel transgenic (Tg) mouse with a keratin 5 driven CXCL13 expression. The thymus of Tg mice overexpressed CXCL13 but did not trigger B-cell recruitment. However, in inflammatory conditions, induced by Poly(I:C), B cells strongly migrated to the thymus. Tg mice were also more susceptible to experimental autoimmune MG (EAMG) with stronger clinical signs, higher titers of anti-AChR antibodies, increased thymic B cells, and the development of germinal center-like structures. Consequently, this mouse model finally mimics the thymic pathology observed in human MG. Our data also demonstrated that inflammation is mandatory to reveal CXCL13 ability to recruit B cells and to induce tertiary lymphoid organ development

Benefits of Direct Colposcopic Vision for Optimal LLETZ Procedure: A Prospective Multicenter Study

International audienceObjective The aim of the study was to assess whether direct colposcopic ă vision (DCV) of the cervix during large loop excision of the ă transformation zone (LLETZ) is associated with a decrease in the volume ă and dimensions of specimens or affects margin status at histology. ă Materials and Methods A prospective multicenter observational study of ă 216 women who underwent LLETZ for grades 2 and 3 cervical ă intraepithelial neoplasia was conducted. The volume and dimensions ă (circumference, length, and thickness) of the surgical specimens were ă measured before fixation. Data were compared according to the use of ă colposcopy during LLETZ. The following 3 groups were considered: LLETZ ă performed without colposcopy (n = 91), LLETZ performed immediately after ă colposcopy (n = 51), and LLETZ performed under DCV (n = 74). ă Results Patient characteristics were comparable with regard to age, ă parity, history of excision, indication of the procedure, and the size ă of the cervix. We found a significant decrease in all dimensions of the ă specimens obtained under DCV (p < .001). Margin status was not affected. ă After adjusting for confounders, the mean volumes were significantly ă lower in the DCV group (adjusted mean difference = -0.66 mL; 95% CI = ă -1.17 to -0.14). The probability that negative margins would be achieved ă together with the attainment of a volume less than 5 mL and a thickness ă less than 10 mm was the highest in the DCV group (adjusted OR = 2.80; ă 95% CI = 1.13 to 6.90). ă Conclusions Direct colposcopic vision is associated with a significant ă decrease in the volume and in all dimensions of LLETZ specimens with no ă compromise in the margin status

Benefits of Direct Colposcopic Vision for Optimal LLETZ Procedure: A ă Prospective Multicenter Study

International audienceObjective The aim of the study was to assess whether direct colposcopic ă vision (DCV) of the cervix during large loop excision of the ă transformation zone (LLETZ) is associated with a decrease in the volume ă and dimensions of specimens or affects margin status at histology. ă Materials and Methods A prospective multicenter observational study of ă 216 women who underwent LLETZ for grades 2 and 3 cervical ă intraepithelial neoplasia was conducted. The volume and dimensions ă (circumference, length, and thickness) of the surgical specimens were ă measured before fixation. Data were compared according to the use of ă colposcopy during LLETZ. The following 3 groups were considered: LLETZ ă performed without colposcopy (n = 91), LLETZ performed immediately after ă colposcopy (n = 51), and LLETZ performed under DCV (n = 74). ă Results Patient characteristics were comparable with regard to age, ă parity, history of excision, indication of the procedure, and the size ă of the cervix. We found a significant decrease in all dimensions of the ă specimens obtained under DCV (p < .001). Margin status was not affected. ă After adjusting for confounders, the mean volumes were significantly ă lower in the DCV group (adjusted mean difference = -0.66 mL; 95% CI = ă -1.17 to -0.14). The probability that negative margins would be achieved ă together with the attainment of a volume less than 5 mL and a thickness ă less than 10 mm was the highest in the DCV group (adjusted OR = 2.80; ă 95% CI = 1.13 to 6.90). ă Conclusions Direct colposcopic vision is associated with a significant ă decrease in the volume and in all dimensions of LLETZ specimens with no ă compromise in the margin status

Parkinson's disease polygenic risk score is not associated with impulse control disorders: A longitudinal study

International audienceObjective: To examine the relationship between a Parkinson's disease (PD) polygenic risk score (PRS) and impulse control disorders (ICDs) in PD. Background: Genome wide association studies (GWAS) have brought forth a PRS associated with increased risk of PD and younger disease onset. ICDs are frequent adverse effects of dopaminergic drugs and are also more frequent in patients with younger disease onset. It is unknown whether ICDs and PD share genetic susceptibility. Methods: We used data from a multicenter longitudinal cohort of PD patients with annual visits up to 6 years (DIG-PD). At each visit ICDs, defined as compulsive gambling, buying, eating, or sexual behavior were evaluated by movement disorders specialists. We genotyped DNAs using the Megachip assay (Illumina) and calculated a weighted PRS based on 90 SNPs associated with PD. We estimated the association between PRS and prevalence of ICDs at each visit using Poisson generalized estimating equations, adjusted for dopaminergic treatment and other known risk factors for ICDs. Results: Of 403 patients, 185 developed ICDs. Patients with younger age at onset had a higher prevalence of ICDs (p < 0.001) as well as higher PRS values (p = 0.06). At baseline, there was no association between the PRS and ICDs (overall, p = 0.84). The prevalence of ICDs increased over time similarly across the quartiles of the PRS (overall, p = 0.88; DA users, p = 0.99). Conclusion: Despite younger disease onset being associated with both higher PRS and ICD prevalence, our findings are not in favor of common susceptibility genes for PD and ICDs