Importación de contenedores climatizados y la comercialización de forraje verde hidropónico en la región Arequipa - 2022

La agricultura hidropónica es una técnica cada vez más popular para producir alimentos de manera sostenible y eficiente en ambientes controlados y cerrados. En este contexto, el forraje hidropónico (FVH) se ha utilizado como alimento para el ganado, pero su comercialización puede ser difícil debido a su corta vida útil y a que requiere cuidados especiales. En este trabajo, se observó la posibilidad de importar contenedores climatizados para mantener el FVH en óptimas condiciones de temperatura y humedad durante su transporte y almacenamiento en la región de Arequipa en el 2022. Se utilizó como diseño no experimental, cuantitativo, transversal y correlacional para identificar la relación existente entre la importación de contenedores climatizados (Var. 1) y la comercialización (Var. 2). Los resultados mostraron una alta correlación .945 entre las variables, lo que muestra que la importación de contenedores climatizados es una opción viable para la comercialización del FVH en la región de Arequip

Cytogenetics characterization of Minthostachys mollis (Kunth.) Griseb. Populations from Tucumán province (Argentina)

Minthostachys mollis (Kunth.) Griseb. (Lamiaceae) is a native species from the central and northwest Argentinean region. Reported a chromosome number are 2n = 24 and 2n = 42. In this work, two populations of M. mollis were cytogenetically characterized in Tucumán province, Argentina, by means of mitosis and meiosis analysis, with material from Río Nío and Villa Padre Monti (Burruyacú, Tucumán). For the mitosis and meiosis analysis, the preparations were made with 2 % haematoxylin as colorant. The pollen grain viability was assessed by using cotton blue in lactophenol technique. Results showed a chromosome number 2n = 48 for both studied populations. In meiosis analysis, normal as well as abnormal divisions in different percentage were observed. Among the abnormalities, multivalent, dyads, triads and polyads of different degree and size were observed. Also, configurations like abnormal spindle orientation, laggard chromosomes and micronucleus in variable percentage were observed. The pollen viability analysis showed 87.2 % of viable pollen grains. The new chromosomal number found in M. mollis could be owing to: a) Formation of gametes (n = 24) from population of Villa Padre Monti and Rio Nio. b) In sympatric zones, with species 2n = 24 and 2n =42, could take place the union of non-reduced gametes (4x = 24), and gametes 4x from those of heptaployds 2n = 42, resulting the populations with 2n = 48. These results constitute a basis in order to perform further studies about the reproductive biology of this species.Minthostachys mollis (Kunth.) Griseb. (Lamiaceae) es una especie nativa de la región central y noroeste de Argentina. Se informaron para la especie números cromosómicos 2n = 24 y 2n = 42. Se caracterizaron citogenéticamente dos poblaciones de M. mollis de la provincia de Tucumán, Argentine, mediante el análisis de mitosis y meiosis, con material proveniente de Río Nío y de Villa Padre Monti (Dpto. Burruyacú, Tucumán). Para mitosis y meiosis, se realizaron preparados con hematoxilina al 2 %. La viabilidad de grano de polen se determinó con azul de algodón en lactofenol. Los resultados mostraron un número cromosómico 2n = 48 para las dos poblaciones. En meiosis, se observaron divisiones normales y anormales, en diferente porcentaje. Se presentaron multivalentes, díadas, tríadas y políadas de diferente grado y tamaño. También se observaron configuraciones tales como orientación anormal del huso, rezagados y micronúcleos en porcentaje variable. El estudio de la viabilidad de polen dio un 87,2 % de granos de polen viable. El nuevo número cromosómico encontrado en M. mollis puede deberse a: a) formación de gametas de poblaciones de n = 24 de Villa Padre Monti y Rio Nio. b) En zonas simpátricas, con especies 2n = 24 y 2n = 42, podría tener lugar la unión de gametas no reducidas (4x = 24) y gametas 4x de heptaploides 2n = 42, resultando poblaciones con 2n = 48. Estos resultados constituyen una base para realizar estudios más profundos de la biología reproductiva de esta especie.Instituto de Recursos BiológicosFil: Pastoriza, Adriana del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; ArgentinaFil: Budeguer, Carlos Jorge. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; ArgentinaFil: Elechosa, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Ana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; Argentin

Standalone direct pumping photovoltaic system or energy storage in batteries for supplying irrigation networks. Cost analysis

[EN] Solar photovoltaic systems have become one of the most popular topics in the water management industry. Moreover, irrigation networks are water- and energy-hungry, and utilitymanagers are likely to adaptwater consumption (and consequently energy demand) to the hours inwhich there is energy availability. In countries such as Spain (with high irradiance values), solar energy is an available green alternative characterised by zero electricity costs and significantly lower environmental impact. In this work, several types of irrigation scheduled programmes (according to different irrigation sectors) that minimise the number of photovoltaic solar panels to be installed are studied; moreover, the effects of the variable costs linked to energy (energy and emissions costs) are presented. Finally, the effect of incorporating batteries for storing energy to protect the system against emergencies, such as unfavourable weather, is proposed. The irrigation hours available to satisfywater demands are limited by sunlight; they are also limited by the condition that the irrigation schedule type has to be rigid (predetermined rotation) and that the pressure at any node has to be above minimumpressure required by standards. A real case study is performed, and the results obtained demonstrate that there is no universal solution; this is because the portfolio of alternatives is based on investments for purchasing equipment at present and also on future energy savings (revenues). Apart from these two values, there is an economic value (equivalent discontinuous discount rate), which also influences the final results.This work was supported by the research project “GESAEN” through the 2016 call of the Vicerrectorado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación de la Universidad de Alicante GRE-16-08.Pardo Picazo, MA.; Manzano Juarez, J.; Valdes-Abellan, J.; Cobacho Jordán, R. (2019). Standalone direct pumping photovoltaic system or energy storage in batteries for supplying irrigation networks. Cost analysis. The Science of The Total Environment. 673:821-830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.050S82183067

Necesidad de garantizar el cumplimiento de las sentencias de régimen de visitas para proteger el interés superior del niño

Esta investigación buscó determinar la necesidad de garantizar el cumplimiento de las sentencias de régimen de visitas para proteger el interés superior del niño; para ello, se tuvieron que estudiar diversos conceptos como régimen de visitas e interés superior del niño. En cuanto a la metodología aplicada, consta de una investigación de tipo básica, con un enfoque cualitativo, la misma que ha sido realizada con la revisión de libros, artículos científicos, investigaciones previas, legislaciones y opiniones de expertos. Asimismo, tras analizar dicha información, obtuvimos resultados, los cuales fueron discutidos y nos permitieron concluir que para garantizar el cumplimiento de las sentencias de régimen de visitas el Juez podrá imponer multas de hasta 5 URP, dictar allanamiento del lugar donde se encuentre el menor, detención hasta por 24 horas de quien incumpla su mandato

Methodology for flushing pressurised irrigation networks for fertigation and operation maintenance purposes

[EN] Pressurised irrigation networks with a certain degree of automation allow centralized fertigation and maintenance operations such as cleaning subunits and preventing the proliferation of invasive species such as zebra mussels. Until now, there is no methodology that guarantees the total cleaning of the network of a substance in the shortest possible time. In the same way, it does not exist to guarantee reaching all consumption points with a certain concentration of a substance, injecting the minimum possible amount. For that purpose, a general novel methodology has been developed that makes use of the network¿s hydraulic model and parallel multi-objective genetic algorithms to flush the network of a certain substance or to get it to all consumption points in the shortest possible time and supplying a minimum volume. This method assumes that the available pressure at the source is always over a minimum value. The arrival times to the consumption points are minimized and the injected volume is reduced to the minimum of replacement, that is, the volume of the network pipes. The methodology applied to the study case allowed the entire network to be flushed in a minimum time of 2.46 h. On a normal irrigation day, without making any changes to the irrigation schedule the time to completely flush the network is 11.76 h. Furthermore, the injected volume differs greatly from the total volume of the pipes.This study has been partially supported by the ADAPTAMED project (RTI2018-101483-B-I00), funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of Spain and with EU FEDER funds.Jiménez Bello, MA.; Alonso Campos, JC.; Manzano Juarez, J.; Martínez Alzamora, F. (2021). Methodology for flushing pressurised irrigation networks for fertigation and operation maintenance purposes. Irrigation Science. 39(3):375-384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-021-00724-437538439

Desarrollo de habilidades sociales en la práctica pedagógica de docentes de secundaria: Una revisión sistemática

Las habilidades sociales juegan un papel primordial en la vida de todo ser humano, por su naturaleza de ser sociable. Su desarrollo comienza en la familia por ser el primer lugar de socialización, consolidándose en los centros de estudio. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir la importancia del desarrollo de habilidades sociales en la práctica pedagógica de los docentes de secundaria, el método utilizado es la revisión sistemática, la búsqueda de información se dio en las bases de datos de Scopus, Scielo, Web of science y Latindex, para determinar la elección de los artículos se utilizó la técnica de PRISMA, nos llevó a considerar veinticinco artículos para su revisión, los que transmiten la importancia de desarrollar habilidades sociales en la práctica pedagógica. En conclusión, se tiene que; el desarrollo de habilidades sociales (DHS) en la práctica pedagógica es de suma importancia porque permite una mejor convivencia que favorece directamente la mejora de los aprendizajes

Preliminary report of the toxicity of Lippia junelliana (Lamiales: Verbenaceae) and Elionorus muticus (Poales: Poaceae) on Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Several phytochemicals, such as extracts and essential oils, are among the ecological alternatives that have been studied for the control of pathogens that affect humans, animals, and plants. Essential oils are aromatic oily liquids obtained from plant material and their use to control pathogens is widespread. However, they can have adverse effects when taken in high concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival and palatability of a balanced-energy protein diet with the addition of two essential oils, Lippia junelliana (Mold.) Tronc. and Elionorus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze, in newly hatched worker bees (Apis mellifera L.) during a period of 15 days. Consumption and number of live bees were measured daily for each treatment. For L. junelliana, our results showed a non-toxic trend in long-term survival trials (15 days) at low concentrations. In the case of E. muticus, a toxic effect with low survival was observed at all concentrations. Both essential oils showed good palatability, even at toxic levels. Our results allow us to propose the use of L. junelliana essential oil in field experiments of A. mellifera hives.Instituto de Recursos BiológicosFil: Vega, Maricel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Curso de Producción Animal; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Maricel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Virología (LAVIR); ArgentinaFil: Reynaldi, Francisco J. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Virología (LAVIR); ArgentinaFil: Reynaldi, Francisco J. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Altamirano, Rodrigo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Curso de Cálculo Estadístico y Biometría; ArgentinaFil: Salina, Marcos D. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Virología (LAVIR); ArgentinaFil: Salina, Marcos D. Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaAlbo, Graciela N. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Curso de Producción Animal; Argentin

Optimization of an isolated photovoltaic water pumping system with technical-economic criteria in a water users association

[EN] With proper management, the modernization of irrigation systems makes it possible to improve the efficiency of application and use of water at the cost of an increase in pumping needs and, therefore, an increment of the energy consumed. The recent drastic price increase for energy put the viability of many farms at risk. In this context, using photovoltaic solar energy to power pumping stations has become an increasingly attractive alternative and a cheap and reliable option. The dimensioning of pumping systems powered by photovoltaic solar energy must be done considering the variability of solar radiation to take advantage of the available photovoltaic energy, especially during periods of less irradiation. By investigating a particular case, this paper studies the effect of increasing the number of pumps in parallel while maintaining the total power, as well as the relationship between the installed photovoltaic capacity and the power of the pumping system, to meet pumping requirements throughout the year. The pumped volume increased as the number of pumps installed in parallel increased for the same photovoltaic power generator. Although this increment has a limit, beyond which no greater significant rise in volume is achieved, installation costs increase. In addition, for the same pumping power installed, the required photovoltaic generator power decreases as the number of pumps in parallel increases. In the case studied, a 27% increase in the annual pumped volume was achieved by incrementing the number of pumps in parallel from one to five, thus leading to a 44.1% reduction in the size of the photovoltaic generator and a 13.3% reduction in the cost of installation compared with a system with only one pump. The procedure used to determine the most appropriate number of pumps to install in parallel when pumping water between two tanks, which minimizes the photovoltaic generator's size while guaranteeing pumping requirements, is easily generalizable for sizing isolated photovoltaic water pumping systems.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This study has received funding for the WATER¿ 4CAST project (PROMETEO/2021/074), funded by the Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital of the Comu¿ nitat Valenciana.Carricondo-Antón, JM.; Jiménez Bello, MA.; Manzano Juarez, J.; Royuela, A.; González-Altozano, P. (2023). 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Sol Energy 198:324–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2020.01.013Gasque M, González-Altozano P, Gutiérrez-Colomer RP, García-Marí E (2021) Comparative evaluation of two photovoltaic multi-pump parallel system configurations for optimal distribution of the generated power. Sustain Energy Technol Assessments. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101634Gasque M, González-Altozano P, Gimeno-Sales FJ, Orts-Grau S, Balbastre-Peralta I, Martinez-Navarro G (2022) Segui-Chilet S (2022) Energy Efficiency Optimization in Battery-Based Photovoltaic Pumping Schemes. IEEE Access 10:54064–54078. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3175586Gevorkov L, Domínguez-García JL, Romero LT (2023) Review on Solar Photovoltaic-Powered Pumping Systems. Energies (Basel) 16Hajjaji M, Mezghani D, Cristofari C, Mami A (2022) Technical, Economic, and Intelligent Optimization for the Optimal Sizing of a Hybrid Renewable Energy System with a Multi Storage System on Remote Island in Tunisia. 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Acantholippia seriphioides : chemical biodiversity of wild populations from the Cuyo Region in Argentina = Acantholippia seriphioides: Biodiversidad química de poblaciones silvestres de la región de Cuyo de la Argentina

Nineteen samples from the aerial parts in bloom of Acantholippia seriphioides (Verbenaceae) were collected in three provinces belonging to the Cuyo region of Argentina. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, yielding between 0.57 and 2.46% (v/w). On the basis of the 13 main compounds determined by GC-FID-MS, representing the 87.2 and 95.3% of the total identified, four chemotypes were determined: carvacrol, thymol, cis and trans-dihydrocarvone and linalool-geraniol. The co-occurrence of different chemotypes in a same population indicates that the sample collection must be carefully done with the aid of an in situ olfactory testing of the plants, since no morphological differences at first sight were observed among them. The results showed in this study suggest that the pattern of variations for this species exists throughout its natural distribution area.Se colectaron 19 muestras de partes aéreas en floración de Acantholippia seriphioides (Verbenaceae) de tres provincias de la región de Cuyo de la Argentina. Los aceites esenciales fueron obtenidos por hidrodestilación, arrojando rendimientos entre 0.57 y 2.46% (v/p). A partir de la determinación por GC-FID-MS de los 13 compuestos principales, que representaban entre el 87.2 y 95.3% del total de los identificados, fueron determinados cuatro quimiotipos: carvacrol, timol, cis y trans-dihidrocarvona, y linalol-geraniol. La co-ocurrencia de diferentes quimiotipos en una misma población indica que la colecta debe ser realizada con la ayuda de un examen olfatorio in situ de la planta, ya que, a primera vista no se observan diferencias morfológicas entre ellas. Los resultados sugieren que el patrón de variación para esta especie existe en toda su área de distribución natural.Fil: Van Baren, Catalina Maria. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Elechosa, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Di Leo Lira, Paola. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Retta, Daiana S. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Miguel Angel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Molina, Ana Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Recursos Biológicos; ArgentinaFil: Bandoni, Arnaldo L. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Departamento de Farmacología. Cátedra de Farmacognosia; Argentin

Conformación de una cartera de inversión óptima de cultivos agrícolas para México

Este artículo presenta una cartera de inversión óptima de cultivos agrícolas para México a partir del enfoque teórico de conformación de portafolios de inversión que introdujo Harry Markowitz. Se emplearon tres grupos de cultivos: cereales, frutales y hortalizas. La cartera óptima se integró con cultivos de los tres grupos a partir de los principios de diversificación del portafolio, también se incluyeron aquellos cultivos que presentaron mayor frecuencia de correlación negativa de sus rendimientos con el resto de los cultivos considerados. La cartera óptima se conforma con cultivos de sorgo, trigo, aguacate, mango, manzana, naranja, piña, chile verde, papa y sandía. Esta cartera es eficiente en el sentido de que, por un lado, permite maximizar el nivel de los rendimientos esperados y, por otro, minimizar el nivel de riesgo