Del Cid a La Celestina: Inventario comentado de artículos medievales en la Revista de Estudios Hispánicos

The purpose of this paper is to shine light on those articles devoted to Spanish medieval literature which have graced the pages of the Revista de Estudios Hispánicos from its inception in 1928 to 2008. It is the intention of this essay not only to enumerate the eighteen articles present, but to offer a summary and brief commentary to each one. It is worth noting that, of the eighteen essays, five were published explicitly as part of a commemorative special issue published by the REH in honor of the famous hispanist Stephen Gilman in 1982. During the first eight decades of the journal, the medieval texts that have received most attention by the various essayists have been Libro de buen amor and La Celestina. The REH has also devoted pages to essays on traditional lyric, theCantar de Mío Cid, alphonsine prose, short narrative, chronicles, theater, the Romancero, sentimental novel, and medieval Galician literature.Este trabajo lista, resume y comenta los dieciocho artículos de literatura medieval española que se han publicado en la Revista de Estudios Hispánicos entre 1928 y 2008. Cinco de estos artículos forman parte de un número especial en honor al célebre hispanista Stephen Gilman, publicado en 1982. Durante los primeros ochenta años de la REH, los textos más estudiados han sido el Libro de buen amor y La Celestina. La REH ha publicado, además, ensayos sobre la lírica tradicional, el Cantar de Mío Cid, la prosa alfonsí, la narrativa breve, las crónicas, el teatro, el Romancero, la novela sentimental y la literatura medieval gallega

Edades de corte e incidencia de enfermedades de dos sorgos forrajeros y sus rendimientos en materia seca y proteina bruta

Two forage sorghum hybrids ( ATx 623 X GL and FS25A) were grown from April 1985 to February 1987 at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Puerto Rico at Lajas, Puerto Rico to determine the influence of maturity stage increases of 10 days (from the 45th to the 85th day) and how the presence and severity of foliar diseases affect the dry forage and crude protein yields. Dry matter content was higher for FS25A (16.1%) than for ATx 623 X GL (14.9%) whereas total yield for dry matter (DMY) was higher for ATx 623 X GL (3.84 t/ha) than for FS25A (3.51 t/ha). Both content and yield of dry matter increased with maturity stage in both genotypes. The sorghum hybrids did not differ significantly in crude protein content (CPC), but crude protein yield (CPY) was higher for ATx 623 X GL (421.6 kg/ha) than for FS25A (358.9 kg/ha). CPC declined with increased plant maturity. Foliar diseases appeared to limit DFY and CPY in both sorghum hybrids. Downy mildew, leaf blight, rust, grey leafspot, and zonate leafspot appeared seasonally. Leaf blight and downy mildew were the most prevalent from January to May, grey leafspot from May to September, and zonate leafspot from September to November. Rust was severe during all seasons.Se llevo a cabo un estudio con dos híbridos de sorgo forrajero (ATx 623 X GL y FS25A) de abril de 1985 a febrero de 1987 en la Subestación Experimental Agrícola de Lajas para medir la influencia sobre la producción de etapas de corte cada 10 días (desde el 45to al 85 to día) y como la incidencia de enfermedades afecta el rendimiento de forraje seco y proteína bruta. El contenido medio global de materia seca fue mayor en FS25A (16.1%) que en ATx 623 X GL (14.9). Lo contrario ocurrió con el rendimiento de forraje seco, ya que se obtuvo un rendimiento mayor con ATx 623 X GL (3.84 t./ha.) que con FS25A (3.51 t./ha.). El rendimiento de forraje seco y el contenido de materia seca aumentaron a medida que el forraje maduro. Las diferencias entre ambos híbridos en contenido medio de proteína bruta no fueron significativas. No obstante, la media ponderada para el rendimiento de proteína bruta total fue mayor para ATx 623 X GL (421.6 kg./ha.). El contenido y el rendimiento total de proteína bruta disminuyeron significativamente a medida que la etapa de corte aumentó de 45 a 85 días. Los rendimientos de forraje seco y de proteína bruta total también disminuyeron en ambos híbridos debido a la incidencia de enfermedades. Estas enfermedades fueron anublo lanoso ("downy mildew"), tizón ("leaf blight"), roya ("rust"), y mancha foliar ("zonate leafspot"). La época del año fue un factor determinante para la presencia de estas enfermedades. De enero a mayo la enfermedad más prevaleciente fue el anublo lanoso. Sin embargo, de mayo a julio predominó la mancha cercospórica y de septiembre a noviembre la mancha foliar

Una aproximación psicosocial al estudio del contrato psicológico

Este capítulo tiene como objetivo presentar una reflexión teórica sobre el concepto de contrato psicológico visto desde una perspectiva psicosocial. Esta perspectiva defiende la conexión entre lo psicológico y lo social en los estudios organizacionales, y para el presente caso, se ha considerado la teoría de la subjetividad de Fernando González Rey en la discusión. Los autores destacan que la teoría de la subjetividad contribuye al estudio del contrato psicológico y las relaciones del trabajo, ya que ayuda a considerar los procesos simbólicos y emocionales de la acción humana.1a edició

Sport for Adults Aged 50+ Years: Participation Benefits and Barriers

Despite the health benefits of sport, the proportion of people participating in sport decreases with age. This qualitative study explored the benefits and barriers regarding older adult community sport participation, from the perspective of national sporting organizations, in addition to older adult sport club and nonsport club members, across eight focus group interviews (n = 49). Seven benefits were discussed, primarily social and physical health and intergenerational opportunities. Ten barriers were also discussed, including physical health, time constraints, and lack of appropriate playing opportunities. Ensuring access to activities that can benefit social health is of great importance to older adults. As sport can provide participation opportunities across generations, it can be an ideal physical activity option for this age group. However, a major barrier is that sport policy often prioritizes the participation for younger age groups. Policymakers should include a focus on older adults, to derive social health benefits.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Historicidad crítica de la Psicología Industrial/Organizacional: hacia una nueva psicología del trabajo y las organizaciones

Industrial/Organizational Psychology (I/O P) faces important challenges. Increased polarization and instability of labor generates profound subjective transformations on the value and meaning workers ascribe to work and life. This context presents the need to address critically the historic role of I/O P and to restate the intellectual agenda of this field. The principal implication of this discussion is the creation of a new Psychology of Work and Organizations (PWO) that integrates new theoretical and methodological coordinates to study workers in diverse organizations and scenarios. The new PWO is presented as a trans-disciplinary field.Psicología Industrial/Organizacional (P I/O) enfrenta importantes retos. La creciente polarización e inestabilidad laboral genera profundas transformaciones subjetivas en los trabajadores respecto al valor y significado que asignan al trabajo y a la vida misma. El panorama anterior presenta la urgencia de estudiar de forma crítica el papel histórico de la P I/O y re-plantear el quehacer intelectual de este campo. La principalimplicación de esta discusión es la creación de una nueva Psicología del Trabajo y de las Organizaciones (PTO)que integre innovadoras coordenadas teóricas y metodológicas para el estudio de los trabajadores en organizaciones y escenarios laborales diversos. Planteamos esta nueva PTO como un campo de estudio transdisciplinario

Necroptotic Cell Death Promotes Adaptive Immunity Against Colonizing Pneumococci

Pore-forming toxin (PFT) induced necroptosis exacerbates pulmonary injury during bacterial pneumonia. However, its role during asymptomatic nasopharyngeal colonization and toward the development of protective immunity was unknown. Using a mouse model of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) asymptomatic colonization, we determined that nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (nEC) died of pneumolysin (Ply)-dependent necroptosis. Mice deficient in MLKL, the necroptosis effector, or challenged with Ply-deficient Spn showed less nEC sloughing, increased neutrophil infiltration, and altered IL-1α, IL-33, CXCL2, IL-17, and IL-6 levels in nasal lavage fluid (NALF). Activated MLKL correlated with increased presence of CD11c+ antigen presenting cells in Spn-associated submucosa. Colonized MLKL KO mice and wildtype mice colonized with Ply-deficient Spn produced less antibody against the bacterial surface protein PspA, were delayed in bacterial clearance, and were more susceptible to a lethal secondary Spn challenge. We conclude that PFT-induced necroptosis is instrumental in the natural development of protective immunity against opportunistic PFT-producing bacterial pathogens

Inactivation of thermogenic UCP1 as a historical contingency in multiple placental mammal clades

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue and is widely accepted to have played a key thermoregulatory role in small-bodied and neonatal placental mammals that enabled the exploitation of cold environments. We map ucp1 sequences from 133 mammals onto a species tree constructed from a ∼51-kb sequence alignment and show that inactivating mutations have occurred in at least 8 of the 18 traditional placental orders, thereby challenging the physiological importance of UCP1 across Placentalia. Selection and timetree analyses further reveal that ucp1 inactivations temporally correspond with strong secondary reductions in metabolic intensity in xenarthrans and pangolins, or in six other lineages coincided with a ∼30 million-year episode of global cooling in the Paleogene that promoted sharp increases in body mass and cladogenesis evident in the fossil record. Our findings also demonstrate that members of various lineages (for example, cetaceans, horses, woolly mammoths, Steller's sea cows) evolved extreme cold hardiness in the absence of UCP1-mediated thermogenesis. Finally, we identify ucp1 inactivation as a historical contingency that is linked to the current low species diversity of clades lacking functional UCP1, thus providing the first evidence for species selection related to the presence or absence of a single gene product