La asunción de lo popular el teatro didáctico anarquista de Alberto Ghiraldo y su programa poético de «dar al pueblo la palabra»

Este trabajo aborda la conexión entre prácticas de comunicación y movimientos sociales a través de la particular asunción de lo popular que realizó el anarquismo en nuestro país a principios del siglo XX. Tomamos como caso particular el teatro didáctico propuesto por Alberto Ghiraldo, para describir algunas de las estrategias comunicacionales puestas en función, en relación con la cultura popular, con el fin de concientizar a las masas de los aspectos ideológicos del anarquismo.This work approaches the connection between practices of communication and social movements across the particular assumption of the popular thing that realized the anarchism in our country at the beginnmg of the 20th century. We take the didactic theatre proposed by Alberto Ghiraldo as a particular case, to describe some of the communication strategies put in function, in relation with the popular culture, in order to make to know to the masses of the ideological aspects of the anarchismFil: Navarro, Juan José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnica

Independent AND-parallel implementation of narrowing

We present a parallel graph narrowing machine, which is used to implement a functional logic language on a shared memory multiprocessor. It is an extensión of an abstract machine for a purely functional language. The result is a programmed graph reduction machine which integrates the mechanisms of unification, backtracking, and independent and-parallelism. In the machine, the subexpressions of an expression can run in parallel. In the case of backtracking, the structure of an expression is used to avoid the reevaluation of subexpressions as far as possible. Deterministic computations are detected. Their results are maintained and need not be reevaluated after backtracking

Spatial spillovers in public expenditure on a municipal level in Spain

A key function of local governments is to provide a wide array of public services. The supply of these services has been found to create spatial spillovers among neighbouring municipalities. Although it is generally agreed that spillovers are present in models that explain government expenditures, their type—whether endogenous, exogenous or residual—and sign—whether positive or negative—remain ambiguous. In most cases, a subjective process is used to select the type of spatial regression model used in analysis, with mixed results. Per capita expenditures of ten subprogrammes (Security, Housing, Welfare, Environment, Social services, Employment promotion, Health, Education, Culture and Sport) are analysed for all Spanish municipalities with more than 5000 inhabitants in the 2010–2012 period. A Spatial Seemingly Unrelated Regression methodology in a panel framework is used to incorporate correlation between different subprogrammes and spatial dependence. Our results show that the three types of spatial effects are present. Furthermore, substantive dependence is positive in most cases, while negative residual dependence is observed in some.We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of three anonymous reviewers in helping us improve the quality of this paper. Prof. Fernando A. López , grateful for the financial support offered by the projects from Programa de Ayudas a Grupos de Excelencia de la Región de Murcia, Fundación Seneca (#19884-GERM-15) and Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (ECO2015-651758)

Geochemical evolution of groundwater in an evaporite karst system: Brujuelo area (Jaén, Spain)

Chemical evolution of groundwater along two main flowpaths was studied in Brujuelo area, an evaporite plateau characterized by the presence of wetlands and drained by hyper-saline springs. Major ions were analyzed, saturation indexes of the main mineral species were computed, and inverse geochemical modeling was performed. Results show a relationship between elevation and water mineralization, indicating that drainage at higher altitude (brackish water) may be associated to gravity-driven flows while lower altitude springs could drain regional groundwater flows (brine water). Modeling results strongly support the hypothesis that most of the selected springs geochemically evolve in a common (S-N) flowpath.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Optical Transmittance for Strongly-Wedge-Shaped Semiconductor Films: Appearance of Envelope-Crossover Points in Amorphous As-Based Chalcogenide Materials

In this work, we study the influence of the geometry of a thin film on its transmission spectrum, as measured on amorphous As-based chalcogenide layers grown onto 1-mm-thick soda-lime-silica glass substrates. A new method is suggested for a comprehensive optical characterization of the film-on-substrate specimen, which is based upon some novel formulae for the normal-incidence transmittance of such a specimen. It has to be emphasized that they are not limited to the usual cases, where the refractive index, n, of the film and that of the thick transparent substrate, s, must obey: n(2) >> k(2) and s(2) >> k(2), respectively, where k stands for the extinction coefficient of the semiconductor. New expressions for the top and bottom envelopes of the transmission spectrum are also obtained. The geometry limitation usually found when characterizing strongly-wedge-shaped films, has been eliminated with the introduction of an appropriate parameter into the corresponding equations. The presence of crossover points in the top and bottom envelopes of the transmission spectrum, for these strongly-wedge-shaped chalcogenide samples, has been both theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed

Propuestas de mejora al proceso productivo agroindustrial del arroz en la empresa SAN ANTONIO,ubicada en el Km 50 Carretera sur en el Municipio de Jinotepe Departamento de Carazo, durante el segundo semestre del año 2012

La arrocera San Antonio del Municipio de Jinotepe, Departamento de Carazo se encuentra ubicada en el Km 50 Carretera sur, es una empresa agroindustrial en el trillado del arroz, que ejerce operaciones desde hace más de 50 años. Desde sus inicios nunca se le han realizado estudios que propongan mejoras al proceso productivo y determinar de esta manera que equipos o maquinarias han menguado su capacidad de producción. Producto de esto, actualmente se realiza un estudio cuantitativo con el objetivo de identificar los problemas que se presentan en el proceso productivo y proponer mejoras que garanticen un incremento en su eficiencia y eficacia. El trabajo contempla un levantamiento de la infraestructura y del proceso realizado en los softwares Autocad y Sketchup, incluyendo, curso-grama analítico, sinóptico, y diagrama de recorrido que permita la comprensión de la línea de producción y la visualización de las maquinarias. Para llegar a realizar las propuestas de mejoras se han realizado mediciones de tiempo en las diferentes actividades del proceso, que serán simuladas con el software Arena, apoyados con los instrumentos de recolección de datos como la entrevista y la observación directa. El fin de la investigación es lograr identificar los problemas y deficiencias que posee el proceso productivo y presentar un trabajo teórico - técnico con propuestas fundamentadas que permitan motivar al propietario de la empresa en la aplicación de las mismas

A mixed boundary condition for accounting energy absorption and transmission in a diffusion equation model

The acoustic diffusion equation model has shown to be a versatile alternative model for certain types of scenarios where the classical geometrical methods have been demonstrated to be inefficient or even inaccurate. In certain scenarios, the transmission loss plays a fundamental role for accounting, i.e., noise levels and sound propagation between rooms. This paper presents an extension of the absorption boundary conditions known as modified that unifies previously proposed boundary conditions in one equation, including transmission of energy between coupled rooms by both openings and enclosures.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Preliminary study of the impact of Guadalhorce river mouth channeling (Málaga, Spain) on groundwater and related wetlands

Se trata de resultados preliminares que se están obteniendo en el Bajo Guadalhorce, en el marco de la tesis doctoral del primer firmanteIn riverine areas, many anthropogenic actions (modification of natural water courses, burying or channeling works, etc.) have been commonly applied worldwide to prevent floods in rivers, having negative environmental impacts on their dependent ecosystems. In the Guadalhorce River mouth (Málaga, Southern Spain), channeling works -including the splitting of the main channel into two branches before arriving to the sea- were conducted to reduce the flood risk in the surrounding urbanized areas near to the Mediterranean coast. In the framework of the monitoring program of the Guadalhorce Delta Wetlands, located between the branches of the ending river stretch, measurements of electrical conductivity in wetland water and groundwater table were performed, as well as the sampling of both water types. The results show a progressive increasing in the mineralization of wetland water, reaching values 50 times higher than the original ones. In the underlying aquifers, the mineralization of groundwater is generally less variable and lower than the recorded in the eighties and nineties, when a salt intrusion episode occurred. Before the river channel modification, the water flow from the aquifer to the wetlands and toward the river in its mouth was deduced. Today, the wetlands recharge locally the Quaternary aquifer and, consequently, induce the groundwater flow towards the both branches of the river and Mediterranean Sea. The variation of the morphodynamics in the Guadalhorce River mouth and the associated changes in land use have caused significant impacts on ground and surface water and their dependent wetlands.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Superconvergent patch recovery with constraints for three-dimensional contact problems within the Cartesian grid Finite Element Method

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Navarro-Jiménez, José M., Héctor Navarro-García, Manuel Tur, and Juan J. Ródenas. 2019. Superconvergent Patch Recovery with Constraints for Three-dimensional Contact Problems within the Cartesian Grid Finite Element Method. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 121 (6). Wiley: 1297 1313. doi:10.1002/nme.6266, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.6266. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."[EN] The superconvergent patch recovery technique with constraints (SPR-C) consists in improving the accuracy of the recovered stresses obtained with the original SPR technique by considering known information about the exact solution, like the internal equilibrium equation, the compatibility equation or the Neumann boundary conditions, during the recovery process. In this paper the SPR-C is extended to consider the equilibrium around the contact area when solving contact problems with the Cartesian grid Finite Element Method. In the proposed method, the Finite Element stress fields of both bodies in contact are considered during the recovery process and the equilibrium is enforced by means of the continuity of tractions along the contact surface.The authors would like to thank Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2016/007), the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (DPI2017-89816-R), the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (FPU17/03993), and Universitat Politècnica de València (FPI2015) for the financial support to this work.Navarro-Jiménez, J.; Navarro-García, H.; Tur Valiente, M.; Ródenas, JJ. (2020). Superconvergent patch recovery with constraints for three-dimensional contact problems within the Cartesian grid Finite Element Method. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering. 121(6):1297-1313. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.6266S129713131216Wriggers, P. (2006). Computational Contact Mechanics. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-32609-0Marco, O., Sevilla, R., Zhang, Y., Ródenas, J. J., & Tur, M. (2015). Exact 3D boundary representation in finite element analysis based on Cartesian grids independent of the geometry. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 103(6), 445-468. doi:10.1002/nme.4914Navarro-Jiménez, J. M., Tur, M., Albelda, J., & Ródenas, J. J. (2018). Large deformation frictional contact analysis with immersed boundary method. Computational Mechanics, 62(4), 853-870. doi:10.1007/s00466-017-1533-xMarco, O., Ródenas, J. J., Navarro-Jiménez, J. M., & Tur, M. (2017). Robust h-adaptive meshing strategy considering exact arbitrary CAD geometries in a Cartesian grid framework. Computers & Structures, 193, 87-109. doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2017.08.004Ródenas, J. J., Tur, M., Fuenmayor, F. J., & Vercher, A. (2007). Improvement of the superconvergent patch recovery technique by the use of constraint equations: the SPR-C technique. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 70(6), 705-727. doi:10.1002/nme.1903Zienkiewicz, O. C., & Zhu, J. Z. (1992). The superconvergent patch recovery (SPR) and adaptive finite element refinement. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 101(1-3), 207-224. doi:10.1016/0045-7825(92)90023-dRódenas, J. J., González-Estrada, O. A., Díez, P., & Fuenmayor, F. J. (2010). Accurate recovery-based upper error bounds for the extended finite element framework. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 199(37-40), 2607-2621. doi:10.1016/j.cma.2010.04.010Blacker, T., & Belytschko, T. (1994). Superconvergent patch recovery with equilibrium and conjoint interpolant enhancements. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 37(3), 517-536. doi:10.1002/nme.1620370309Díez, P., José Ródenas, J., & Zienkiewicz, O. C. (2007). Equilibrated patch recovery error estimates: simple and accurate upper bounds of the error. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 69(10), 2075-2098. doi:10.1002/nme.1837Nadal, E., Díez, P., Ródenas, J. J., Tur, M., & Fuenmayor, F. J. (2015). A recovery-explicit error estimator in energy norm for linear elasticity. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 287, 172-190. doi:10.1016/j.cma.2015.01.013Badia, S., Verdugo, F., & Martín, A. F. (2018). The aggregated unfitted finite element method for elliptic problems. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 336, 533-553. doi:10.1016/j.cma.2018.03.022Zienkiewicz, O. C., Zhu, J. Z., & Wu, J. (1993). Superconvergent patch recovery techniques - some further tests. Communications in Numerical Methods in Engineering, 9(3), 251-258. doi:10.1002/cnm.1640090309FUENMAYOR, F. J., & OLIVER, J. L. (1996). CRITERIA TO ACHIEVE NEARLY OPTIMAL MESHES IN THEh-ADAPTIVE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 39(23), 4039-4061. doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0207(19961215)39:233.0.co;2-cBabuška, I., Strouboulis, T., & Upadhyay, C. . (1994). A model study of the quality of a posteriori error estimators for linear elliptic problems. Error estimation in the interior of patchwise uniform grids of triangles. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 114(3-4), 307-378. doi:10.1016/0045-7825(94)90177-

Evaluación dinámica de las dificultades de aprendizaje de la lectura

This article describes the changes produced in a group of students with reading difficulties (RD) in response to the experimental application of a dynamic assessment device of the processes involved in reading (EDPL). The sample consists of 133 students of 9-16 years with RD (60 in the experimental group and 73 in the control group). The design is a pretest/posttest for impact evaluation. Analyses allow differentiated information on the impact of the EDPL device depending on the previously established degree of difficulty; empirically setting the population that would get more benefits from its application in the school context. The results show significant improvements in reading comprehension, personal-social adjustment and intelligence in the students who have greater difficulties both in specific domains and in intelligence. Likewise, the analysis provides information about the mechanisms that might explain the improvements.En este artículo se recogen los cambios producidos en un grupo de estudiantes con dificultades de comprensión lectora (DL) como respuesta a la aplicación experimental de un dispositivo de evaluación dinámica de procesos implicados en la lectura (EDPL). La muestra está integrada por 133 estudiantes de 9 a 16 años con DL (60 en el grupo experimental y 73 en el grupo control). Se utiliza un diseño pretest/ postest para la evaluación de los resultados. Los análisis efectuados permiten obtener información diferenciada sobre el impacto de EDPL en función del grado de dificultad previamente establecido, configurando empíricamente la población que obtendría mayores beneficios de su aplicación en el contexto escolar. Los resultados muestran mejoras significativas en comprensión, ajuste personal-social e inteligencia en aquellos estudiantes que presentan mayores dificultades, tanto en dominios específicos como en inteligencia. Así mismo, los análisis otorgan información acerca de los mecanismos que podrían explicar las mejoras