Energy-Entropy-Momentum integration of discrete thermo-visco-elastic dynamics.

A novel time integration scheme is presented for the numerical solution of the dynamics of discrete systems consisting of point masses and thermo-visco-elastic springs. Even considering fully coupled constitutive laws for the elements, the obtained solutions strictly preserve the two laws of thermo dynamics and the symmetries of the continuum evolution equations. Moreover, the unconditional control over the energy and the entropy growth have the effect of stabilizing the numerical solution, allowing the use of larger time steps than those suitable for comparable implicit algorithms. Proofs for these claims are provided in the article as well as numerical examples that illustrate the performance of the method

Thermodinamically consistent dynamic formulation of discrete thermoviscoelastic elements

Metodología para integrar numéricamente de forma termodinámicamente consistente las ecuaciones del problema termomecánico acoplado de un elemento discreto viscoso

Remote Sub-Wavelength Addressing of Quantum Emitters with Chirped Pulses

We propose to use chirped pulses propagating near a bandgap to remotely address quantum emitters with sub-wavelength resolution. We introduce a particular family of chirped pulses that dynamically self-focus during their evolution in a medium with a quadratic dispersion relation. We analytically describe how the focusing distance and width of the pulse can be tuned through its initial parameters. We show that the interaction of such pulses with a quantum emitter is highly sensitive to its position due to effective Landau-Zener processes induced by the pulse chirping. Our results propose pulse engineering as a powerful control and probing tool in the field of quantum emitters coupled to structured reservoirs.Comment: 5+3 pages, 3+2 figure

Animal models of maladaptive traits: disorders in sensorimotor gating and attentional quantifiable responses as possible endophenotypes

Traditional diagnostic scales are based on a number of symptoms to evaluate and classify mental diseases. In many cases, this process becomes subjective, since the patient must calibrate the magnitude of his/her symptoms and therefore the severity of his/her disorder. A completely different approach is based on the study of the more vulnerable traits of cognitive disorders. In this regard, animal models of mental illness could be a useful tool to characterize indicators of possible cognitive dysfunctions in humans. Specifically, several cognitive disorders such as schizophrenia involve a dysfunction in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system during development. These variations in dopamine levels or dopamine receptor sensibility correlate with many behavioral disturbances. These behaviors may be included in a specific phenotype and may be analyzed under controlled conditions in the laboratory. The present study provides an introductory overview of different quantitative traits that could be used as a possible risk indicator for different mental disorders, helping to define a specific endophenotype. Specifically, we examine different experimental procedures to measure impaired response in attention linked to sensorimotor gating as a possible personality trait involved in maladaptive behaviors.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PSI2012- 3244

Amygdala and emotional learning in vertebrates: A comparative perspective

Gobierno de España SI2009-12761Gobierno de España RyC2006/128

Use of a flor yeast strain for the second fermentation of sparkling wines: Effect of endogenous CO2 over-pressure on the volatilome

Saccharomyces cerevisiae flor yeast is used for the first time in sparkling wine-making. Twenty-six oenological variables and fifty-three volatile metabolites are quantified in the middle (P = 3 bar) and at the end (P = 6 bar) of the second fermentation, carried out in open and closed bottles. A heat-map of volatiles and the fingerprints obtained for ten chemical families and ten odorant series visualize the changes for each condition. Terpenes, fatty acids and volatile phenols increased their contents by pressure effect at the end of the study by 25.0, 7.8 and 2.2%, respectively. The remaining families decrease between 17.4% and 30.1% for furanic compounds and esters in the same stage. A Principal Component Analysis established that nine volatiles are mainly affected by pressure and five by fermentation stage. The use of ethanol-tolerant flor yeasts constitutes an innovative procedure for the enhancement of the sparkling wines diversification.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

La regulación de la incapacidad temporal como factor dinamizador de las relaciones laborales: la experiencia española

Temporarily unable for work is a relevant legal institution and a factor singular importance in the dynamics of labor relations. Also, if you take on the experienceoccurred in the Spanish legal system, its inherent complexity has been increasedduring the successive reforms that have been implemented on same, more virulent if possible during the last twenty years, many missing sometimes a clear andongoing approach to ensure minimum standards of uniformity and consistency every time has been a major legislative change. An analysis must necessarily be supplemented by the study of control techniques provided within its own legal order, albeit sometimes in contradiction with the key criteria of rationality. In addition to appealing to the construction of a new model of management and control. And conclude with a reflection on the necessary interaction between temporary disability and the employment contract. All aspects that can be the basis for the scientific approach to the regulation of temporary disability as a dynamic factor in industrial relations from the experience offered by the Spanish system. La incapacidad temporal constituye una institución jurídica relevante y con una importancia singular como factor dinamizador de las relaciones laborales.Además, si se toma como base la experiencia acaecida en el ordenamiento jurídicoespañol, su complejidad intrínseca se ha visto acrecentada con ocasión de las sucesivas reformas que se han implementado sobre la misma, con mayor virulencia si cabe durante los últimos veinte años, ausente muchas veces un planteamiento claro y permanente que garantice unos mínimos estándares de uniformidad y coherencia cada vez que ha tenido lugar un cambio legislativo de cierta significación. Un análisis que, necesariamente, debe completarse con el estudio de las técnicas de control dispuestas dentro de su propia ordenación jurídica, bien que a veces en clave de contradicción con los criterios de racionalidad, latente siempre esa apelación repetida a la construcción de un nuevo modelo de gestión y control. Del mismo modo que resulta necesario reflexionar mínimamente sobre la necesaria interacción entre la incapacidad temporal y el contrato de trabajo. Aspectos todos que pueden servir de base para una aproximación científica a la regulación de la incapacidad temporal comofactor dinamizador de las relaciones laborales, a partir de la experiencia que ofrece el ordenamiento español. Y elementos que deben analizarse también, en clave de actualidad, a la luz de lo dispuesto en la última manifestación legal, el Real Decreto 625/2014, de 18 de julio, por el que se regulan determinados aspectos de la gestión y control de los procesos por incapacidad temporal en los primeros trescientos sesenta y cinco días de su duración.La incapacidad temporal constituye una institución jurídica relevante y con una importancia singular como factor dinamizador de las relaciones laborales.Además, si se toma como base la experiencia acaecida en el ordenamiento jurídicoespañol, su complejidad intrínseca se ha visto acrecentada con ocasión de las sucesivas reformas que se han implementado sobre la misma, con mayor virulencia si cabe durante los últimos veinte años, ausente muchas veces un planteamiento claro y permanente que garantice unos mínimos estándares de uniformidad y coherencia cada vez que ha tenido lugar un cambio legislativo de cierta significación. Un análisis que, necesariamente, debe completarse con el estudio de las técnicas de control dispuestas dentro de su propia ordenación jurídica, bien que a veces en clave de contradicción con los criterios de racionalidad, latente siempre esa apelación repetida a la construcción de un nuevo modelo de gestión y control. Del mismo modo que resulta necesario reflexionar mínimamente sobre la necesaria interacción entre la incapacidad temporal y el contrato de trabajo. Aspectos todos que pueden servir de base para una aproximación científica a la regulación de la incapacidad temporal comofactor dinamizador de las relaciones laborales, a partir de la experiencia que ofrece el ordenamiento español. Y elementos que deben analizarse también, en clave de actualidad, a la luz de lo dispuesto en la última manifestación legal, el Real Decreto 625/2014, de 18 de julio, por el que se regulan determinados aspectos de la gestión y control de los procesos por incapacidad temporal en los primeros trescientos sesenta y cinco días de su duración

A New Method for the Quantification of the Remaining Mineral Oil in Natural-Ester Retrofilled Transformers

Assessing the amount of remaining mineral oil in retrofilled transformers is vital since that presence may worsen flash and fire point of the ester and impact the transformer dielectric performance; this article proposes a new experimental methodology to quantify the ratio of mineral oil in natural esters.This work was supported in part by the Spanish State Research Agency under Grant PID2019-107126RB-C21/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and in part by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program, under Grant number 823969

Conservation of Spatial Memory Function in the Pallial Forebrain of Reptiles and Ray-Finned Fishes

The hippocampus of mammals and birds is critical for spatial memory. Neuroanatomical evidence indicates that the medial cortex (MC) of reptiles and the lateral pallium (LP) of ray-finned fishes could be homologous to the hippocampus of mammals and birds. In this work, we studied the effects of lesions to the MC of turtles and to the LP of goldfish in spatial memory. Lesioned animals were trained in place, and cue maze tasks and crucial probe and transfer tests were performed. In experiment 1, MC-lesioned turtles in the place task failed to locate the goal during trials in which new start positions were used, whereas sham animals navigated directly to the goal independently of start location. In contrast, no deficit was observed in cue learning. In experiment 2, LP lesion produced a dramatic impairment in goldfish trained in the place task, whereas medial and dorsal pallium lesions did not decrease accuracy. In addition, none of these pallial lesions produced deficits in cue learning. These results indicate that lesions to the MC of turtles and to the LP of goldfish, like hippocampal lesions in mammals and birds, selectively impair map-like memory representations of the environmental space. Thus, the forebrain structures of reptiles and teleost fish neuroanatomically equivalent to the mammalian and avian hippocampus also share a central role in spatial cognition. Present results suggest that the presence of a hippocampus-dependent spatial memory system is a primitive feature of the vertebrate forebrain that has been conserved through evolution.Dirección General de Enseñanza Superior de EspañaJunta de Andalucí