Antología de textos del profesor José Mª Jover Zamora.

Sin resume

Does social identity affect business performance?

The business founder’s social identity is crucial to explaining his or her behaviour and attitude in business decision-making. Drawing on three types of entrepreneurial social identity identified by Fauchart and Gruber (2011), this study examines how social identities influence the entrepreneur’s way of managing his/her firm and its consequences for business performance. Based on a survey of newly created firms, the results support the conclusion that effectuation channels the effects of specific identities - Darwinian and missionary- on business performance

Late Bronze Age in Eastern Iberian Peninsula: Archaeological Bases and Periodization

Las investigaciones sobre el tránsito del II al I milenio cal BC en las tierras del Levante de la península Ibérica cuentan con una larga tradición investigadora. Sin embargo, las posibilidades de profundizar en el proceso histórico se han visto limitadas por la escasez de secuencias estratigráficas bien contextualizadas y datadas. Por esta razón, los diferentes estudios que se han venido publicando hasta hace poco han seguido las propuestas de periodización desarrolladas en zonas próximas, especialmente el Sudeste y el Nordeste peninsular. Con el desarrollo de las excavaciones arqueológicas en diversos asentamientos, el aumento del número de dataciones y la realización de diversos estudios en los últimos años, las perspectivas de investigación sobre el Bronce final en el Levante comienza a variar sustancialmente, estando ya en condiciones de proponer, una nueva periodización con la que profundizar en los cambios que acontecieron entre el 1500 y el 725 cal BC.Research surrounding the transition from II to I millennium cal BC in Eastern Iberian Peninsula has a large and extensive tradition of investigation. However, the chances to do research on this historical process have been limited by the lack of a well contextualized and dated stratigraphic sequence. For this reason, recent studies in this topic have followed the periodic proposals which were developed in closer regions and areas, especially in the South East and North East of the Peninsula. The investigation perspective about the Late Bronze in Eastern Iberian has however now improved, with the development of several archaeological investigations, the increase in the number of sites being dated and more recent studies into the region helping to bring about this change. As such, it is now in the correct state to be able to propose a new periodization and delve into the changes which occurred in the transition between 1500 and 725 cal BC.Este trabajo se ha realizado dentro del marco del proyecto del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad HAR2013-41447-P “El Bronce Final y la Edad del Hierro en el Sureste y el Levante de la Península Ibérica: procesos hacia la urbanización”

A web-based learning tool improves student performance in statistics: a randomized masked trial

Background: e-status is a web-based tool able to generate different statistical exercises and to provide immediate feedback to students’ answers. Although the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is becoming widespread in undergraduate education, there are few experimental studies evaluating its effects on learning. Method: All of the students (121) from an introductory course for statistics in dentistry were randomly assigned to use the tool with one of two 6-problem sets, known as types A and B. The primary endpoint was the grade difference obtained in the final exam, composed of two blocks of questions related to types A and B. The exam evaluator was masked to the intervention group. Results: We found that the effect of e-status on the student grade was an improvement of 0.48 points(95% CI:0.10-0.86) on a ten-point scale. Among the 94 students who actually employed e-status, the effect size was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.17-1.10). Conclusions: It is feasible to formally assess the learning effect of an innovative tool. Providing e-status exercises to students has a direct effect on learning numerical operations related to statistics. Further effects on higher cognitive levels still have to be explored.Postprint (published version

New biotechnological processes for manufacturing scFOS in the liquid sugar industry

[SPA] Los fructooligosacáridos (FOS) son oligosacáridos que consisten en cadenas lineales de D-fructosa con enlaces β (21), que presentan una molécula de D-glucosa terminal. Los FOS de cadena corta (scFOS) tienen carácter prebiótico por lo que son interesantes como ingredientes alimentarios. La producción de scFOS se puede realizar mediante hidrolisis de inulina o mediante polimerización a partir de enzimas fructosiltransferasas (FTasas). Las FTasas se producen sobre todo a partir de hongos, como Aspergillus sp., y Penicillium sp., entre otros. Algunas de estas enzimas FTasas están presentes en el mercado, aunque no para fabricar scFOS porque presentan un precio relativamente elevado. Por ello, en este trabajo se estudiarán, a escala de laboratorio y biorreactor, nuevas fuentes (hongos) y tecnologías de producción de FTasas y de scFOS, para conseguir una producción industrial de scFOS mediante fermentación sumergida en dos etapas (SmF): una primera etapa SmF para la producción de FTasas a partir del hongo y una segunda etapa SmF de producción de scFOS a partir de estas FTasas en una solución de sacarosa. [ENG] Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are oligosaccharides consisting of linear chains of β (21)-linked fructose with a terminal D-glucose. The short chain FOS (scFOS) have character prebiotic, so they are interesting food ingredients. The scFOS production can be performed by hydrolysis of inulina or by polymerization using fructosyltransferases (FTase) enzymes. The FTases are mainly produced from fungi, such as Penicillium sp, and Aspergillus sp., among others. Some of these enzymes are marketed but not for manufacturing scFOS because of its relatively high price. In this work, new sources (fungi) and technologies for obtaining FTase enzymes, and producing scFOS, will be studied at laboratory and bioreactor scales, for industrial production of scFOS in two stages of submerged fermentation (SmF): a first SmF step for production of FTase from the selected mould, and a second SmF step for obtaining scFOS by enzymatic fermentation, from these FTases produced in sucrose solution.Este trabajo forma parte del Proyecto CDTI (ref. IDI-20141129), llevado a cabo en colaboración con la empresa Zukan S.L., que financia la realización de estas investigaciones y la beca otorgada a M.J. Sánchez para la realización de su Tesis Doctoral

Study of the FTase activity of different commercial enzymes for the production of scFOS

[SPA] Los fructooligosacáridos (FOS) son oligosacáridos que consisten en cadenas lineales de D-fructosa con enlaces β (21), que presentan una molécula de D-glucosa terminal. La producción de scFOS mediante hidrólisis enzimática de la sacarosa se realiza mediante enzimas fructosiltransferasas (FTasas) específicas, pero este proceso es caro debido al elevado precio de estas enzimas. Por ello, en este trabajo se realiza una búsqueda de enzimas con actividad FTasa que están presentes en el mercado con otras actividades enzimáticas y tienen un precio menor. Esto permirá la producción de FOS a nivel industrial con un menor coste de producción y una reducción del precio de los scFOS en el mercado. [ENG] Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are oligosaccharides consisting of linear chains of β (21)-linked fructose with a terminal D-glucose. The production of scFOS by enzymatic hydrolysis of sucrose is carried out by specific fructosyltransferase (FTase) enzymes, but this process is expensive due to the price of these enzymes. Therefore, it is interesting to search for enzymes with FTase activity that are present in the market with other enzymatic activities and have a lower price. Allowing the production of FOS at industrial level with a lower production cost, the FOS will have a lower price in the market.Este trabajo forma parte del Proyecto CDTI (ref. IDI-20141129), llevado a cabo en colaboración con la empresa Zukan S.L., que financia la realización de estas investigaciones y la beca otorgada a M.J. Sánchez para la realización de su tesis doctoral

Synthesis and characterization of new tail-to-tail dimers of bile acids with different spacers

The 13th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry session Polymer and Supramolecular ChemistryNew dimeric steroid-based surfactants derived from 3α,7α,12α-trihydroxy-5β- cholan-24-amine (steroid residue) and isophthalic acid, 5,5'-biisobenzofuran-1,1',3,3'- carboxylic acid and succinic acid (spacers) were synthesized and structurally characterized by NMR techniques. The first spacer was also employed to synthesize the dimer corresponding to the 3α,12α-dihydroxy-5β-cholan-24-amine residue. In all cases the steroid residues are tail-to-tail linked through amide bonds with the spacersAuthors thank the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (Project MAT2004-04606) and the Xunta de Galicia (PGIDIT05PXIC26201PN) for financial suppor