Scalar Spin of Elementary Fermions

We show that, using the experimentally observed values of CKM and PMNS mixing matrices, all known elementary fermions can be assigned a new quantum number, the scalar spin, in a unique way. This is achieved without introduction of new degrees of freedom. The assignment implies that tau-neutrino should be an anti-Dirac spinor, while mu-tau leptons and charm-top, strange-bottom quarks form Dirac-anti-Dirac scalar spin doublets. The electron and its neutrino remain as originally described by Dirac.Comment: 19 pages. The version accepted to Physics Letters

Collective Total Synthesis of 4‐Azafluorenone Alkaloids

4-Azafluorenones are typically obtained by acid-mediated cyclization of 2-arylnicotinates. However, this approach fails to give 5-oxygenated 4-azafluorenones due to lactonization of 2-(2-alkoxy)phenylnicotinate intermediates. Herein, we report two modifications of established approaches to 4-azafluorenone synthesis that, either in combination or by themselves, enable the flexible preparation of 4-azafluorenones with diverse oxygenation patterns in the benzenoid ring. Undesired lactonization was circumvented via tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-mediated radical cyclization of 2-aryl-3-(hydroxymethyl)pyridines. In the absence of suitable protecting groups for phenolic intermediates, bromide substituents were regioselectively introduced as latent hydroxy groups and later converted under palladium catalysis. We present the first total syntheses of five 4-azafluorenone alkaloids muniranine, darienine, 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyonychine, 5,6,7,8-tetramethoxyonychine, and 6,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyonychine in addition to new total syntheses of six 4-azafluorenone alkaloids and one related pyridocoumarin alkaloid

An adaptive stereo basis method for convolutive blind audio source separation

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Neurocomputing. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in PUBLICATION, [71, 10-12, June 2008] DOI:neucom.2007.08.02

Musical audio analysis using sparse representations

this paper we will given an overview of work by ourselves and others in this area, to give a flavour of the work being undertaken, and to give some pointers for further information about this interesting and challenging research topi