La recerca del Jesús històric: Una recerca teològicament interessada

Aquesta ponència vol reivindicar que l’estudi diacrònic dels evangelis és rellevant de cara a la recerca del Jesús històric. Es mostra això mitjançant tres aspectes. 1) tenint en compte el moment en que varen sorgir els evangelis (a partir de l’any 70 de la nostra era): per tant, com a obres que “neixen de la fe i s’adrecen a la fe”; 2) per la seva finalitat d’instruir i exhortar les comunitats a les quals s’adrecen; 3) pel nucli dels evangelis que s’expressa mitjançant el que anomenem “secret messiànic”. Aquests trets il•lustren el fet que la presentació de Jesús que hi tenim està motivada per explicitar el contingut a la fe. En aquest sentit, l’interès per Jesús que deixen entreveure és un interès clarament confessional. D’aquí que la recerca del Jesús històric que possibiliten els evangelis sigui també teològicament interessada.This paper sets out to claim that the diachronic study of the Gospels is relevant to the quest of the Historical Jesus as evidenced by the following three considerations: 1) the date when the Gospels first came to light, around 70 A.D.: therefore they were born of the faith and they are tailored to the faith; 2) their role in instructing and exhorting the communities they were addressed to; 3) the very essence of the Gospels as expressed by means of what we call the Messianic Secret. These traits illustrate the fact that the idea we have of Jesus exists in order to highlight the inherent meaning of faith. In that sense, they show that the underlying interest for Jesus is clearly confessional. From this we can conclude that the quest for the Historical Jesus made possible by the Gospels is also theologically motivated

Jesús de Natzaret en les cristologies de l'Evangeli segons Joan i en la carta als cristians hebreus

Aquest estudi se situa en el marc de l’anomenada tercera recerca del Jesús històric. La pregunta sobre el sentit d’aquesta recerca se situa en un estudi comparatiu entre les cristologies de l’evangeli segons Joan i de la carta als Hebreus, Aquests dos documents, que tenen força coses en comú, mostren un interès notable per la figura de Jesús i per la seva condició terrenal. Tanmateix ni l’un ni l’altre fan cap èmfasi en l’esquema de la història salutis quan recuperen la realitat terrenal de Jesús per a la fe i la confessió cristianes. L’interès d’Heb en la terrenalitat de Jesús ve motivat pel fet que Jesús només pot compadir-se (ser sacerdot) si ha compartit plenament la condició humana. Joan, per la seva banda, mostra un interès gran per la vida de Jesús com a moll de l’os de la vida de la comunitat. Vet aquí com aquests dos documents deixen entreveure camins molt allunyats de la tercera recerca, que sembla tenir un interès primari de reconstruir els episodis de la vida de Jesús. Hom es pregunta si el Nou Testament no ens pot ensenyar com plantejar més acuradament la recerca del Jesús històric.The starting point of this study is the so called third Quest of the historical Jesus. The question about the sense and meaning of the third Quest is approached in a comparative study of the Christologies of the Gospel of John and of the letter to the Hebrews. Both documents, which share a good number of questions, have a remarkable interest in the person of Jesus and his earthly condition. Moreover, when they recover the earthly Jesus for the faith and the Christian confession, neither of them shows any especial emphasis in the historia salutis scheme. The interest of Hebrews for the earthly Jesus is based on the fact that Jesus can only be priest (can have compassion) if he has fully shared human nature. John, for his part, shows a remarkable interest in the life of Jesus as the core of the life of the community. We have, therefore, two documents which let us have a glimpse of a very different approach to the question of the historical Jesus. Hence, one is entitled to ask if the New Testament would not be a better context to put the Quest of the historical Jesus, rather than the marc of modern history with its anecdotic recovery of facts

Quin és el gènere literari de l'Evangeli segons Joan? Sentit del format narratiu de l'Evangeli Joànic

Since the publication of R.A. Burridge’s monograph on the literary genre of the Gospels (1992), the gospel of John’s (GJ) literary genre has been the object of an open debate. (1) The present article analyses the opinion of those exegetes who maintain that GJ’s historiographical characteristics are a decisive argument in favour of the literary genre of this book as a bios Iêsou. Both (2) the analysis of the sense of the Johannine narrative (Jn 1,19-12,50) which is certainly not biographical, and (3) the key theme of the so called messianic secret (also present in its own terms in GJ with its own hermeneutical characteristics) point towards a much more nuanced conclusion. (4) GJ is a revelation with a narrative format in some parts of its presentation. The literary genre is then closer to apocalyptic literature than to the biographical genre. This conclusion should help the readers to approach GJ as a revelation rooted in the life of Jesus