University and the basic school : collaborative research experiences in the continuing education of teachers.

Este artigo aborda a quest?o da forma??o continuada de professores por meio da pesquisa, tendo como refer?ncia a rela??o universidade-escola na perspectiva da forma??o do professor pesquisador e sujeito do seu desenvolvimento profissional docente (DPD). Utilizou-se como metodologia a abordagem colaborativa por meio de narrativas e conversa??o. As unidades de an?lise expostas no texto s?o excertos de narrativas de professores participantes de duas pesquisas de longa dura??o (2014-2017), realizadas com tr?s universidades no projeto em rede Observat?rio da Educa??o ? OBEDUC/Capes e Observat?rio da Pesquisa Educacional da Regi?o dos Inconfidentes ? OBERI, com apoio da FAPEMIG. Dentre os v?rios aportes colhidos nas pesquisas, destacou-se a possibilidade dos docentes ressignificarem o DPD, considerando os processos subjetivos, fomentados por novas pr?ticas de forma??o, com aten??o para aspectos que contribuam especialmente para as ideias de autogest?o da escola, de cidadania, dos direitos das pessoas participarem dos processos de decis?o e de seu pr?prio processo de forma??o, a partir da l?gica da implica??o do sujeito.This paper addresses the issue of continuing education for teachers through the research, having as reference the relation University-School in the perspective of the training of TeacherResearcher and subject of his Professional Development Teacher (DPT). The collaborative approach through narratives and conversation was used as methodology. The units of analysis exposed in the text are excerpts from narratives of teachers participating in two long-term research projects (2014-2017), carried out in the network project with three Brazilian universities: Observatory of Education ? OBEDUC/Capes, and Observatory of Educational Research Region of the Inconfidentes, with Fapemig support. Among the several contributions collected in the research, it was highlighted the possibility of teachers re-signifying the DPT considering the subjective processes, fomented by new training practices with attention to aspects that contribute especially to the ideas of self-management of the school, citizenship, the rights of the people to participate of the processes of decision and of its own process of the formation, from the logic of the implication of the subject

MERGULHANDO NO UNIVERSO DAS INCERTEZAS: : Literatura Infantil e Probabilidade nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar diferentes demandas cognitivas de Bryant e Nunes (2012) para a construção do conceito de Probabilidade na relação entre literatura infantil e compreensões de estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória de caráter qualitativo, a partir de três etapas: o mapeamento de catálogos de editoras e a exploração documental das literaturas infantis; discussão das características do livro O Clubinho, criação autoral; e, a realização de entrevistas clínicas com seis estudantes do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, por meio da contação de histórias. Os resultados apontam a escassez de literaturas infantis que envolvam compreensões probabilísticas e fragilidades apresentadas por muitos desses recursos; a contribuição do livro de histórias O Clubinho, rompendo com a abordagem focada nos procedimentos de cálculo; e por fim, que a vivência das histórias, facilitou a mobilização de variadas noções probabilísticas ligadas as demandas cognitivas

a critical review

The availability of wearable devices (WDs) to collect biometric information and their use during activities of daily living is significantly increasing in the general population. These small electronic devices, which record fitness and health-related outcomes, have been broadly utilized in industries such as medicine, healthcare, and fitness. Since they are simple to use and progressively cheaper, they have also been used for numerous research purposes. However, despite their increasing popularity, most of these WDs do not accurately measure the proclaimed outcomes. In fact, research is equivocal about whether they are valid and reliable methods to specifically evaluate physical activity and health-related outcomes in older adults, since they are mostly designed and produced considering younger subjects? physical and mental characteristics. Additionally, their constant evolution through continuous upgrades and redesigned versions, suggests the need for constant up-to-date reviews and research. Accordingly, this article aims to scrutinize the state-of-the-art scientific evidence about the usefulness of WDs, specifically on older adults, to monitor physical activity and health-related outcomes. This critical review not only aims to inform older consumers but also aid researchers in study design when selecting physical activity and healthcare monitoring devices for elderly people.DB19-D819-F720 | Carlos Eduardo da Silva TeixeiraN/

CATTLE MANURE AND POTASSIUM IN THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF NONI PLANTS

O noni tem sido utilizado desde a antiguidade para o tratamento de uma s\ue9rie de doen\ue7as tais como, alergia, artrite, asma, c\ue2ncer, depress\ue3o, diabetes, m\ue1-digest\ue3o, hipertens\ue3o e ins\uf4nia e utilizado como suplemento alimentar. Apesar dessas propriedades e da sua adaptabilidade intercontinental, as informa\ue7\uf5es a respeito das exig\ueancias nutricionais e do manejo agron\uf4mico da cultura ainda s\ue3o pouco frequentes na literatura internacional e nacional. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do esterco bovino e da aduba\ue7\ue3o pot\ue1ssica no estado nutricional de plantas de noni. O experimento foi desenvolvido no per\uedodo de julho de 2009 a julho de 2010, na Ch\ue1cara Pau Brasil, S\ue3o Lu\ueds \u2013 MA. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com tr\ueas repeti\ue7\uf5es e duas plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos foram distribu\ueddos em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4, referente \ue0 aus\ueancia e presen\ue7a de aduba\ue7\ue3o pot\ue1ssica (130 kg ha-1 de K2O) no solo com quatro doses de esterco bovino (0, 1,7, 6,6 e 11,6 kg planta-1) fornecidas em cobertura na \ue1rea de proje\ue7\ue3o da copa das plantas. Pelos resultados, exceto sobre c\ue1lcio e magn\ue9sio, a intera\ue7\ue3o mat\ue9ria org\ue2nica e pot\ue1ssio contribuiu para aumentos dos teores foliares dos demais macro e micronutrientes nas plantas de noni. O estabelecimento de faixas de interpreta\ue7\ue3o com teores de nutrientes adequados para noni se faz necess\ue1rio para auxiliar as discuss\uf5es de futuros estudos de aduba\ue7\ue3o e nutri\ue7\ue3o da cultura.Noni fruit has been used since antiquity for treatment of many diseases such as allergy, arthritis, asthma, cancer, depression, diabetes, digestion, hypertension, and insomnia and is used as food supplement. Although these properties and its intercontinental adaptability, information about nutrient exigency and crop management is still little frequent in international and national literature. In this direction an experiment was carried out, during the period of July/2009 to July/2010, in S\ue3o Luis, Maranh\ue3o state, Brazil, in order to evaluate effects of manure and potassium fertilization of the soil on mineral composition in leaves dry matter of noni plants. The treatments were arranged in randomized blocks 2 x 4 referring to absence and presence potassium fertilization (130 kg ha-1 K2O) in soil with bovine manure levels (0, 1.7, 6.6 e 11.6 kg plant-1) applied in the area of plant projection . From the results, except in calcium and magnesium, the interaction bovine manure x K2O proportioned increment on the content of other macro and micronutrients in dry matter leaf of noni plants. The establishment of levels interpreting nutrient content suitable for noni is needed to assist the discussions of future studies of fertilization and crop nutrition

Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a biosurfactant produced in low-cost medium as stabilizing agent

Background: A biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultivated in a low-cost medium formulated with 2.5% vegetable oil refinery residue and 2.5% corn steep liquor and distilled water was employed to stabilize silver nanoparticles in the liquid phase. The particleswere initially synthesized using NaBH4 as reducing agent in biosurfactant reverse micelles and were extracted from the micellar solution to disperse in heptane. Results: A silver particle size in the range of 1.13 nmwas observed. The UV\u2013vis absorption spectra proposed that silver nanoparticles could be formed in the reverse micelles and relatively stabilized for at least 3 months without passivator addition. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) shows that the silver nanoparticles are of spherical form and relatively uniform. Conclusions: This process provided a simpler route for nanoparticle synthesis compared to existing systems using whole organisms or partially purified biological extracts, showing that the low-cost biosurfactant can be used for nanoparticle synthesis as a non-toxic and biodegradable stabilizing agent

DECOMPOSITION OF LEGUME TREE Gliricidia sepium AND Acacia angustissima IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS

Os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs) trazem benef\uedcios m\ufaltiplos e constituem uma alternativa para minimizar a degrada\ue7\ue3o ambiental e alcan\ue7ar um desenvolvimento sustent\ue1vel, devido \ue0 diversidade de esp\ue9cies que os comp\uf5e. O presente estudo avaliou a contribui\ue7\ue3o das leguminosas arb\uf3reas, Gliricidia sepium e Acacia angustissima , cultivadas em aleias intercaladas com banana (Musa sp.) e a\ue7a\ued ( Euterpe oleraceae ), na implanta\ue7\ue3o de Sistema Agroflorestal. Comparou-se a produ\ue7\ue3o de biomassa e ciclagem de nutrientes no SAF, com a leguminosa herb\ue1cea Pueraria phaseoloides e aduba\ue7\ue3o nitrogenada. O SAF foi implantado em maio de 2004, no Campo Experimental da Embrapa Agrobiologia, em Serop\ue9dica - RJ. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos, constitu\ueddos das leguminosas ac\ue1cia-angust\uedssima (Acacia angustissima), kudzu-tropical ( Pueraria phaseoloides, gliric\ueddia (Gliricidia sepium) dispostas nas entrelinhas da banana e do a\ue7a\ued; al\ue9m de aduba\ue7\ue3o nitrogenada com ureia, e cobertura viva oriunda da vegeta\ue7\ue3o espont\ue2nea. Para quantificar a produ\ue7\ue3o de biomassa e libera\ue7\ue3o de N, P, Ca, Mg e K in situ foram cortadas as leguminosas e ro\ue7ado o kudzu-tropical e a vegeta\ue7\ue3o espont\ue2nea. As determina\ue7\uf5es da mat\ue9ria seca remanescente, libera\ue7\ue3o de nutrientes, constantes de decomposi\ue7\ue3o e os tempos de meia-vida dos res\uedduos vegetais foram realizadas acondicionando-se 50 g de material fresco em litterbags, dispostos na superf\uedcie do solo, tomando-se amostras aos 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 60 e 75 ap\uf3s o in\uedcio do experimento. Acacia angustissima e kudzu-tropical apresentaram maior produ\ue7\ue3o de biomassa seca, igual a 10,8 Mg ha-1. Os res\uedduos da gliric\ueddia resultaram em maiores constantes de decomposi\ue7\ue3o, nas duas esta\ue7\uf5es do ano.The Agroforestry Systems (SAFs) bring multiple benefits and they are an alternative to minimize environmental degradation, and to achieve a sustainable development, due to greatest diversity of species. This study evaluated the contribution of the leguminous trees, Gliric\ueddia sepium and Acacia angustissima , grown in alley cropping of banana (Musa sp.) and \u201ca\ue7a\ued\u201d palm ( Euterpe oleraceae ) used as green manure in the implantation of an Agroforestry Systems. They were compared the production of biomass, nutrients cycling, nitrogen intake, activity and diversity of soil fauna, and banana productivity in the SAF, and with the usage of the legume Pueraria phaseoloides and nitrogen fertilization. The SAF implantation occurred in May 2004, at the Research Center of Embrapa Agrobiologia, in Serop\ue9dica, Rio de Janeiro State. The following year it was planted the forest African mahogany specie ( Kaya senegalensis ), at the centre of the legumes alleys. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with five treatments and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of the leguminous trees arranged between the lines of bananas and the \u201ca\ue7a\ued\u201d palm, and they were: acacia angust\uedssima (Acacia angustissima), tropical kudzu (Pueraria phaseoloides), and gliric\ueddia (Gliric\ueddia sepium); besides application of nitrogen as urea and spontaneous vegetation. To quantify the production of biomass, and the release of N, P, Ca, Mg and K, the legumes branches were cut and the kudzu tropical and spontaneous vegetation were mowed, in the rainy and dry seasons. The determination of remaining dry matter, releasing of nutrients, decomposition rates, and half life time of plant residues were held to 50 grams of fresh material from litterbags, placed on the soil surface, sampled at 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 60 and 75 days after the installation of the experiment. Acacia angustissima and kudzu tropical showed higher dry biomass, 9.5 and 10.8 Mg ha-1, respectively. The gliric\ueddia residues showed the highest decomposition rates, in the two year seasons

Facile synthesis and characterization of symmetric N-[(Phenylcarbonyl) carbamothioyl]benzamide thiourea : experimental and theoretical investigations.

A thiourea derivative, N-[(phenylcarbonyl)carbamothioyl]benzamide, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, spectroscopic methods (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis, Raman, matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF), tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)) and quantum-chemical calculations. The synthetic route was simple and efficient, conducted just by one-step and no purification step was needed. The compound crystallizes in a non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic crystal system with a P21 21 21 space group, with a= 5.06220(10) ?, b= 11.8623(3) ?, c= 21.9682(8) ?. The molecular conformation of the solid is stabilized by the N-H???O intramolecular hydrogen bond, which was present in the X-ray structure and was also found in the optimized geometry. The theoretical analysis showed that this strong interaction remains even when molecules are solvated, i.e., the rotation barrier and the hydrogen bond strength are greater than the solvent stabilization energy. In addition to this hydrogen bond effect, the relative position of phenyl groups has a certain influence on the chemical behavior of this thiourea and probably for other phenylthioureas

State of the climate in 2018

In 2018, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—continued their increase. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface was 407.4 ± 0.1 ppm, the highest in the modern instrumental record and in ice core records dating back 800 000 years. Combined, greenhouse gases and several halogenated gases contribute just over 3 W m−2 to radiative forcing and represent a nearly 43% increase since 1990. Carbon dioxide is responsible for about 65% of this radiative forcing. With a weak La Niña in early 2018 transitioning to a weak El Niño by the year’s end, the global surface (land and ocean) temperature was the fourth highest on record, with only 2015 through 2017 being warmer. Several European countries reported record high annual temperatures. There were also more high, and fewer low, temperature extremes than in nearly all of the 68-year extremes record. Madagascar recorded a record daily temperature of 40.5°C in Morondava in March, while South Korea set its record high of 41.0°C in August in Hongcheon. Nawabshah, Pakistan, recorded its highest temperature of 50.2°C, which may be a new daily world record for April. Globally, the annual lower troposphere temperature was third to seventh highest, depending on the dataset analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was approximately fifth lowest. The 2018 Arctic land surface temperature was 1.2°C above the 1981–2010 average, tying for third highest in the 118-year record, following 2016 and 2017. June’s Arctic snow cover extent was almost half of what it was 35 years ago. Across Greenland, however, regional summer temperatures were generally below or near average. Additionally, a satellite survey of 47 glaciers in Greenland indicated a net increase in area for the first time since records began in 1999. Increasing permafrost temperatures were reported at most observation sites in the Arctic, with the overall increase of 0.1°–0.2°C between 2017 and 2018 being comparable to the highest rate of warming ever observed in the region. On 17 March, Arctic sea ice extent marked the second smallest annual maximum in the 38-year record, larger than only 2017. The minimum extent in 2018 was reached on 19 September and again on 23 September, tying 2008 and 2010 for the sixth lowest extent on record. The 23 September date tied 1997 as the latest sea ice minimum date on record. First-year ice now dominates the ice cover, comprising 77% of the March 2018 ice pack compared to 55% during the 1980s. Because thinner, younger ice is more vulnerable to melting out in summer, this shift in sea ice age has contributed to the decreasing trend in minimum ice extent. Regionally, Bering Sea ice extent was at record lows for almost the entire 2017/18 ice season. For the Antarctic continent as a whole, 2018 was warmer than average. On the highest points of the Antarctic Plateau, the automatic weather station Relay (74°S) broke or tied six monthly temperature records throughout the year, with August breaking its record by nearly 8°C. However, cool conditions in the western Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea sector contributed to a low melt season overall for 2017/18. High SSTs contributed to low summer sea ice extent in the Ross and Weddell Seas in 2018, underpinning the second lowest Antarctic summer minimum sea ice extent on record. Despite conducive conditions for its formation, the ozone hole at its maximum extent in September was near the 2000–18 mean, likely due to an ongoing slow decline in stratospheric chlorine monoxide concentration. Across the oceans, globally averaged SST decreased slightly since the record El Niño year of 2016 but was still far above the climatological mean. On average, SST is increasing at a rate of 0.10° ± 0.01°C decade−1 since 1950. The warming appeared largest in the tropical Indian Ocean and smallest in the North Pacific. The deeper ocean continues to warm year after year. For the seventh consecutive year, global annual mean sea level became the highest in the 26-year record, rising to 81 mm above the 1993 average. As anticipated in a warming climate, the hydrological cycle over the ocean is accelerating: dry regions are becoming drier and wet regions rainier. Closer to the equator, 95 named tropical storms were observed during 2018, well above the 1981–2010 average of 82. Eleven tropical cyclones reached Saffir–Simpson scale Category 5 intensity. North Atlantic Major Hurricane Michael’s landfall intensity of 140 kt was the fourth strongest for any continental U.S. hurricane landfall in the 168-year record. Michael caused more than 30 fatalities and $25 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages. In the western North Pacific, Super Typhoon Mangkhut led to 160 fatalities and$6 billion (U.S. dollars) in damages across the Philippines, Hong Kong, Macau, mainland China, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Tropical Storm Son-Tinh was responsible for 170 fatalities in Vietnam and Laos. Nearly all the islands of Micronesia experienced at least moderate impacts from various tropical cyclones. Across land, many areas around the globe received copious precipitation, notable at different time scales. Rodrigues and Réunion Island near southern Africa each reported their third wettest year on record. In Hawaii, 1262 mm precipitation at Waipā Gardens (Kauai) on 14–15 April set a new U.S. record for 24-h precipitation. In Brazil, the city of Belo Horizonte received nearly 75 mm of rain in just 20 minutes, nearly half its monthly average. Globally, fire activity during 2018 was the lowest since the start of the record in 1997, with a combined burned area of about 500 million hectares. This reinforced the long-term downward trend in fire emissions driven by changes in land use in frequently burning savannas. However, wildfires burned 3.5 million hectares across the United States, well above the 2000–10 average of 2.7 million hectares. Combined, U.S. wildfire damages for the 2017 and 2018 wildfire seasons exceeded $40 billion (U.S. dollars)

A recria??o dos g?neros eletr?nicos anal?gico-digitais : radionovela, telenovela e webnovela

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T14:41:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 418506.pdf: 1410771 bytes, checksum: ec5de9f97ccba64ecff700c9b5d8f33a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-27Os g?neros n?o s?o afeitos ? defini??o, mas ? conceitua??o. Isso porque s?o aparatos constru?dos historicamente pelo homem, portanto, sujeitos a grandes varia??es. Nas ?ltimas d?cadas, os m?ltiplos artefatos de comunica??o pluralizam as rela??es sociais; em virtude disso, proliferam v?rios tipos e conceitos de formas gen?ricas. Dentro desse cen?rio, este estudo investiga radionovelas, telenovelas e webnovelas, com o objetivo de defender a tese de recria??o dos g?neros. Para isso, aplicam-se as categorias dialogismo e intera??o/interatividade. Este trabalho tamb?m faz um resgate s?cio-hist?ricocultural dos precursores de g?neros eletr?nicos anal?gico-digitais, como: melodrama e folhetim. Al?m de levar em conta a realidade social, o processo de recria??o ? analisado a partir de elementos intra e intergen?ricos, entre eles, perip?cia, reconhecimento e cat?strofe. ? uma pesquisa qualitativa com o olhar do m?todo Dial?tico Hist?rico-Estrutural (DHE)